• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.382-390
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• 2012

Global warming has been hot issue world wide. Korea has been dealing with the global issue under the slogan of low carbon and green-growth such as setting national greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction targets and allocation to each industrial sector. Infrastructure construction, in which enormous social overhead capital (SOC) is input, has great role as one of the actions. Road is one of the representative infrastructure and large amount of resources is utilized in its construction, operation and maintenance stage. The estimation methodology of life cycle carbon emissions was developed and applied to a case study of highway currently under construction in this study. Also, total carbon emissions of all the highway in South Korea at present (2009) and cumulative carbon emissions from 2009 to 2020 were estimated using the results of case study.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.77-92
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• 2023

The aim of the study is to analyze urban characteristics that affect carbon emissions of buildings. The analysis was conducted at the level of 424 administrative districts in Seoul. The main variables used in the analysis were energy consumption and carbon emissions of buildings published in the Seoul Metropolitan Government's energy information platform 2021. It was found that carbon emissions per unit building were high in Jongno, Gangnam, Guro, and Mok-dong. A regression analysis using the spatial lag model (SLM) identifies that the variables that affect the carbon emissions of buildings were; commercial, educational, business and industrial facility variables as built environment factor; number of residents; traffic volume, number of bus routes and number of subway stations as transportation facilities factors; and environmental factors such as green area and river area.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.81-89
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• 2011

Low-carbon Green Growth is highlighted as the main issue from in and outof Korea. Recently Korean government and local goverment constructed a master plan and related database. Considering this as a starting point the carbon gross emission has become an important factor in the city planning and management of local goverment unit. This research was focused on the analysis of carbon gross emission and the environment of carbon occurrence using statistics and digital forest map for the Gyeonggi-do. Further research need to analysis the carbon absorption using satellite image for periodic database. These database will be available basic data for the policy making.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.137-169
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• 1998

본 연구는 탄소세 부과가 우리 나라의 에너지 및 국민 경제에 미치는 충격의 영향분석을 목적으로 하고 있다. 이를 위해 에너지-경제 연계 계량경제모형을 수립하였는데 본 모형은 기존의 거시경제모형을 수정한 후 에너지 모형과의 연계를 통해 에너지 부문의 충격이 경제부문에 미치는 효과를 정량적으로 파악이 가능하도록 하였다. 본 연구에서는 탄소배출량에 대한 규제가 탄소세 부과를 도입하도록 유도하고 에너지가격의 상승과 에너지수요를 감소시킴으로써 경제부문의 생산을 위축시키는 흐름도를 가정하고 있다. 분석의 과정에서 탄소세 부과가 에너지 및 국민경제 부문에 미치는 효과의 측정은 에너지가격 및 수요변화, 국내총생산액의 변화 등을 통하여 수행되었다. 분석 결과를 요약하면 탄소 배출량의 안정화를 도모하기 위해서는 탄소세가 상당히 높게 부과되어야 하며 전력가격 및 에너지가격의 상승에 미치는 효과와 국내총생산액 등 주요 경제 변수에 미치는 충격이 매우 심각한 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서 개발된 계량경제모형을 통하여 여러 가지 정책수단에 대한 시뮬레이션이 가능하게 됨으로써 정책의 효과분석 및 동 분야의 향후 연구에도 많은 도움이 될 것으로 판단된다.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.71-80
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• 2012

Carbon Point system is Climate Change Action Program by providing incentives in proportion to voluntary reduction of energy consumption such as electricity, gas and water for houses, commercial facilities. So far, existing researches have been limited to construction of GHG(Green House Gas) Inventory and have little attention to empirical impact analysis on carbon reduction policy regarding the residential section. Therefore, this paper is intended to provide convincing findings of impact analysis on carbon reduction, revolving around the carbon point system. For this, we firstly calculated the carbon emission by using electricity and gas usage data in household targeting to Seongbuk-Gu. Carrying out IPA and spatio-temporal analysis. Then, we are capable of visualizing spatial patterns from 2007 to 2009 as a macro analysis. Following that, we explored the effect on carbon point system through Ex ante-Ex post Analysis by paired t-test. To conclude, we can spatially identify the distribution with a significant difference between carbon emissions according to energy use as a micro analysis by Hot Spot to Analysis on point entities. It is to be hoped that this method will be utilized to establish various policies and to evaluate the effect of reduction of GHG.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.495-522
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• 2011

In this study, a vector error correction model is considered to analyze the correlations among carbon emission, energy use and economic growth using countries adopted carbon tax such as Finland, Netherland, Newzealand, Sweden, and United Kingdom in the short-run dynamics. In order to examine the effect of a carbon tax on the carbon emission specifically for Finland, New zealand and Sweden in the cointegration coefficients among variables, the economic growth equation has the statistically significant negative value(positive values for Netherland and UK). This implies that in the case of the deviation from a long-run equilibrium all variables except carbon emission and energy use are adjusted toward decreasing. After introducing a carbon tax, all variables for Finland, New zealand and Sweden appear to be negative and positive values for the other countries. The evidence that the carbon emission and energy use have been decreased is very weak in the short-run for Finland, New zealand and Sweden but the economic growth is on the decrease after a carbon tax. However, the empirical results show that the increase in carbon emission leads to the decrease in production for Netherland and UK. This implies that for reducing the carbon emission, these countries need to provide more aggressive policies.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.63-69
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• 2023

'Carbon-neutrality Assessment based on Technology Application Scenario (CATAS)' provides an analysis of greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction effectiveness when applying carbon-neutrality technology to areas such as energy conversion, transportation, and buildings at certain spatial levels. As for the development scope of the model, GHG emission sources were analyzed for direct GHG emissions, and the boundary between direct and indirect emissions are set according to the spatial scope. The technical scope included nine technologies and forest sinks in the transition sector that occupies the largest portion of GHG emissions in the 2050 carbon neutral scenario. The carbon neutrality rate evaluation methodology consists of four steps: ① analysis of GHG emissions, ② prediction of energy production according to technology introduction, ③ calculation of GHG reduction, and ④ calculation of carbon neutrality rate. After the web-based CATAS-BASIC was developed, an analysis was conducted by applying the new and renewable energy distribution goals presented in the ｢2050 Greenhouse Gas Reduction Promotion Plan｣ of the Seoul Metropolitan Government. As a result of applying solar power, hydrogen fuel cell, and hydrothermal, the introduction of technology reduced 0.43 million tCO₂eq of 1.49 million tCO₂eq, which is the amount of emissions from the conversion sector in Seoul, and the carbon neutrality rate in the conversion sector was analyzed to be 28.94 %.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.99-129
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• 2014

This research estimates the impact of population aging on energy use and carbon emissions by energy sources and by industrial sectors in Korea until 2035. For the estimation, the structural change in household consumption expenditure identified by the age-specific consumption pattern was analyzed in conjunction with energy and environment input-output tables. The estimation result presents that, despite the population aging, energy use and carbon emissions induced by household consumption continue to increase until 2026, and then that elevated levels of energy use and carbon emissions will be maintained for a considerable period of time. According to the estimation by energy sources, the use of natural gas will show substantial increase while the use of crude oil will switch to a downturn at a relatively early period. According to the estimation by industrial sectors, carbon emissions in the sectors with relatively high consumption share of old households such as medical health, dwelling, lighting, heating, air-conditioning, and food will have substantial increase, whereas those in the sectors associated with education, transport, catering, and accommodation services will turn downward relatively early. In addition, the study analyzes through policy simulation the impact of aging-related policy similar to the basic pension system, which is recently being discussed for legislation, on energy use and carbon emissions.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.32 no.1D
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• pp.1-11
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• 2012

The presidential council on national competitiveness and the national police agency have initiated a national project to refresh the road traffic control and operation systems to increase operational efficiency at signalized intersections. It would reduce the number of stops and delay of vehicles at intersections and thus mitigate congestion and emission. Although significant reduction of carbon is expected as a consequential result, such effects has yet been studied since traffic operation was behind of interest in the field of green transportation where planning was mainly involved. This paper delivers the macroscopic effects of carbon reduction of the selected items of the national project: the ones managed by the police agency. The results showed that the studied items yield significant reduction of carbon: pedestrian push button operation, flashing signal operation, progression, lagging left turns, permitted left turn, and actuated left-turn operation would reduce 12.31%, 3.27%, 2.44%, 0.97%, 0.81%, and 0.72% of the total amount of carbon emitted a year in a whole transportation sector, respectively.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.97-107
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• 2010

A forest project for the sequestration of carbon dioxide helps to reduce the concerntration of greenhouse gas in atmosphere and provides various co-benefits. A lot of forestry-based carbon offset programs have been developing for the purpose of CSR(Corporate Social Responsibility), voluntary GHG emission reduction, and regulatory context etc. in worldwide. We studied major characteristics - project type and criteria, additionality, credits, permanence, carbon accounting and monitoring, co-benefit - of advanced forest carbon offset programs. Also, we tried to comprehend the direction and basic elements to design a domestic program.