• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.37-43
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• 2014

Natural disasters such as earthquakes and tsunamis occur suddenly, so that they cause massive loss of lives and property. Especially earthquakes represent a particularly severe threat because of the extensive damage accompanied by them. In Korea, an earthquake-resistant design has been rarely applied to a design or construction of slope. However, in resent years, the researches for earthquake-resistance have been performed because the importance on the earthquake-resistance is perceived and highlighted. Soil nail method, one of the slope stability methods, is excellent for its constructability and cost effectiveness, as compared with other stability methods. Also, this method has been widely used for reinforced construction for slope stability. The studies of soil nail method have been performed on the interaction behavior between nails and slopes as well as the varied load condition such as static load, dynamic load and so on. Nevertheless, there has been minimal research regarding the constraint condition of nail head. In this study, the numerical analysis was performed for identifying effect on slope stability for the constrain condition of the soil nail. The result shows that the resistance of constrained the nail head on reinforced slope is larger compared to the one of unconstrained nail head.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.1-12
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to provide implications for the demonstration and the spread of smart cities. For this, the European Lighthouse project, a well-known smart city initiative, is analyzed. This article investigates agendas, applied solutions, stakeholders and cooperation, and expansion strategies in the 18 Lighthouse projects implemented by the EIP-SCC Smart City Demonstration Project. Four implications are discussed for Korean smart city projects. First, in promoting smart cities, clear philosophies and principles should be established in response to global issues such as climate change. Second, smart cities should be understood as the approaches for problem-solving rather than simply applying advanced technology. Third, a business system should be established in a way to meet the needs of the actors participating in the smart city demonstration project. Finally, an evaluation framework should be established to verify the performance of the project. High-performing best-practice projects should be supported by articulating their standards for their lessons to be spread into other cities. The implications presented here can contribute to developing smart city models along with follow-up studies.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.21-30
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• 2021

The existing construction industry is classified into industries with low productivity compared to other industries. In order to solve the decline in productivity in the construction industry, the world is focusing on off-site construction (OSC), which is about 40% more productive than existing construction methods. This high productivity is possible because the three stages of production, transport to the site, and site assembly are consistently maintained in a continuous flow. This study conducted a functional survey through literature review, preliminary field survey, questionnaire, and expert interview. The surveyed function were classified into five categories: convenience, flexibility, manageability, communication, and safety, and the functional characteristics of flexibility, manageability, and communication were high. Because of the change according to the construction progress, the production schedule of the factory, and the variety of transportation time required. Finally, A functional block diagram was developed based on the 15 functions corresponding with an average score of 4 or more in the surveyed function score result. If the OSC transport system is established through this study, It can contribute to a successful construction OSC project and increase productivity.

• Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.17-36
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to diagnose problems in the regulation and management of Restricted Development Zone and to prepare a construction plan to convert it to a data-based monitoring system. Unlike other land-use zones, the Restricted Development Zone is a exceptional zone that prohibits all development activities other than the minimum maintenance and must be strictly controlled and managed by the local government. However, the current Restricted Development Zone management is distributed according to the conditions of each local government, and it is not possible to monitor changes in the entire Restricted Development Zone as shown in the survey results. In particular, in this study, by introducing an AI-based monitoring system, MOLIT sends the results of detecting changes across the country at regular time points(monthly and quarterly) to the local governments based on the same regulation standards, and the local governments can be trusted while inputting the regulation results into the system. To propose this methodology, first, a survey and interview were conducted with local government officials and experts. Second, we analyzed cases in which AI analysis was applied to local governments and proposed a plan to improve the efficiency of regulation work according to the introduction of the monitoring system. Third, a plan was prepared to establish a monitoring system based on the advancement of the management information system. This monitoring system can be expanded and applied to land that needs periodic regulation and management in the future, and this study tried to propose a methodology and policy for this.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.3-14
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• 2022

Autonomous equipment requires a large amount of data from various environments. However, it takes a lot of time and cost for an experiment in a real construction sites, which are difficulties in data collection and processing. Therefore, this study aims to develop a virtual environment for autonomous tower cranes technology development and validation. The authors defined automation functions and operation conditions of tower cranes with three performance criteria: operational design domain, object and event detection and response, and minimum functional conditions. Afterward, this study developed a virtual environment for learning and validation for autonomous functions such as recognition, decision making, and control using the Unity game engine. Validation was conducted by construction industry experts with a fidelity which is the representative matrix for virtual environment assessment. Through the virtual environment platform developed in this study, it will be possible to reduce the cost and time for data collection and technology development. Also, it is also expected to contribute to autonomous driving for not only tower cranes but also other construction equipment.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.169-175
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• 2022

Korea's construction industry has a shortage and aging of construction manpower, low productivity compared to other industries, and a high rate of industrial accidents. The Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport is preparing for the 4th industrial revolution and is expanding investment in construction automation and innovative growth engines to improve productivity in the construction industry. In order for new technologies to be utilized in the road construction field, the accuracy of the technologies and the applicability of each type of work must be evaluated. In this study, the accuracy of the mobile mapping system was tried to verify based on the relevant work regulations, and to suggest the applicability of the mobile mapping system to high-speed driving tracks through data acquisition and analysis on road construction sites. The accuracy of the equipment used in the study was verified in accordance with the relevant work regulations, and the possibility of applying the mobile mapping system used for the study to road construction surveying was presented with a maximum error of less than 10cm in the horizontal and vertical directions. In addition, the possibility of utilizing the road construction survey using the mobile mapping system was presented through comparison with the existing method for data acquisition time for construction surveying, production of construction status survey results, and calculation of heatmap and earthworks. In the future, the use of construction status surveying of the mobile mapping system will greatly improve the efficiency of construction work.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.265-288
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• 2020

Public sports facilities, which have increased in number due to continued government attention and investment, are used by a large number of residents in the province. However, the safety management in some facilities is limited due to being carried out with reference to safety management standard manuals as a mere formality. The purpose of this study was to analyze the current safety management status of public sports facilities in Gangwon and to seek out a policy direction that can be used safely by provincial residents. To this end. the study made a comprehensive review of central government and Gangwon government policy trends in sports facility safety management in Gangwon along with actual cases, from which it made the following suggestions for policy directions. First, it proposed the designation and operation of specialized institutions using locally established development and municipal companeie,. universities and cooperatives. and the training and fostering of safety managers for sports facilities. Secod, it proposed the establishment of a foundation to promote a sport facility safety culture such as designation of and commendation for excellent facility safety management on the provincial level. holding case presentations on safety and responsiveness. sports safety experience plazas, sports safety classes, and cartoons for public relations. Third, it proposed setting the foundation for a safety management system that takes into account the greater quantity of leisure sports facilities compared to other cities and provinces. Fourth, it proposed the establishment of an institutional basis to establish support ordinance for sports facility safety management that meets the local conditions in Gangwon. Fifth, it proposed safety management measures for sports facilities at the central government level in parallel with a basic plan for sports facility safety management tailored to Gangwon that matches the conditions on the ground in the region.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.55 no.spc1
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• pp.1283-1293
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to predict residual chlorine in order to maintain stable residual chlorine concentration in sedimentation basin by using artificial intelligence algorithms in water treatment process employing pre-chlorination. Available water quantity and quality data are collected and analyzed statistically to apply into mathematical multiple regression and artificial intelligence models including multi-layer perceptron neural network, random forest, long short term memory (LSTM) algorithms. Water temperature, turbidity, pH, conductivity, flow rate, alkalinity and pre-chlorination dosage data are used as the input parameters to develop prediction models. As results, it is presented that the random forest algorithm shows the most moderate prediction result among four cases, which are long short term memory, multi-layer perceptron, multiple regression including random forest. Especially, it is result that the multiple regression model can not represent the residual chlorine with the input parameters which varies independently with seasonal change, numerical scale and dimension difference between quantity and quality. For this reason, random forest model is more appropriate for predict water qualities than other algorithms, which is classified into decision tree type algorithm. Also, it is expected that real time prediction by artificial intelligence models can play role of the stable operation of residual chlorine in water treatment plant including pre-chlorination process.

• Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.87-96
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• 2023

There are a lot of difference between the surface settlement and the differential settlement measured at the Busan New Port, where the dredged and reclaimed clay layer exists and below the clay is originally thickly distributed. To find the cause and solution of this, the actual conditions of each differential settlement used for the soft ground improvement, characteristics, installation method, measurement frequency, measurement data management, and data analysis of each type were considered. In the deep soft ground improvement work where large deformation occurs, the bending deformation of the screw-type differential settlement gauge is less than that of other types of measuring instruments, so there is less risk of loss, and the reliability of data is relatively high as the instruments are installed by drilling for each stratum. Since the greater the amount of high-precision settlement measurement data, the higher the settlement analysis precision. It is necessary to manage with higher criteria than the measurement frequency suggested in the standard specification. For the data management of the differential settlement gauge, it is desirable to create graphs of the settlement and embankment height of the relevant section over time, such as surface, differential, and settlement of pore water pressure gauge for each point. In the case of multi-layered ground with different compression characteristics, it is more appropriate to perform settlement analysis by calculating the consolidation characteristics of each stratum using a differential settlement data.

• Journal of Advanced Technology Convergence
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.13-19
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• 2023

Following the signing of the Paris Agreement on Climate Change (UNFCCC, 2015), the world is expanding greenhouse gas reduction activities through comprehensive participation that includes not only developed countries but also developing countries. Major countries around the world are placing high expectations on the effectiveness of total carbon emissions regulation through the carbon emissions market. However, in order to obtain carbon credits, third-party verification is required based on quantitative carbon reduction data. Accordingly, in this paper, we developed an AIoT high-efficiency street light for carbon emissions and conducted a performance analysis study to measure the luminous efficiency of the lighting fixture. To obtain carbon emissions rights, we used high-efficiency LED PKG, developed our own high-voltage PFC, and developed high-efficiency lighting fixtures capable of communication. For communication, the 2.4GHz LoRa method was adopted between the lighting fixture and the gateway. Lens design was conducted through simulation of Korea Expressway Corporation's standard streetlight types A, B, and C. The performance of the streetlight was verified as being more efficient than other existing products through the measurement of luminous efficiency by an accredited rating agency, and it is expected that carbon emissions rights will be obtained by reducing electrical energy through this.