• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Rock Mechanics Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.1-15
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• 2002

동복터널의 현장지질은 편마암과 석탄층(Coal Beds)이 협재된 암질이 매우 불량한 편암으로 구성되어 있으며, 설계 시에는 석탄층의 발달이 확인되지 않아 그 영향을 충분히 고려되지 않았다. 석탄층(두께 2~8m)은 편암의 Rock Cleavage와 같은 방향과 45~55도의 경사를 가지며 pinch out and swelling 형태로 발달이 불규칙하다. 하행선굴착 중 약 290m구간에 걸쳐 석탄층이 나타났으며, 90m 구간은 천단 및 측벽부에서 집중 발달되어 쳐대일변위가 20mm이상인 지점이 발생하는 등 상반굴착 시 111.2mm의 수평방향 내공변위가, 하반굴착 시에는 최대 127.8mm의 내공변위가 발생하였고 하반관통이후 수렴되었다. 내공변위 과다발생에 대한 대책으로 지보타입을 하향 조정하였고 측벽부는 하향 록볼트를 포함한 추가록볼트 보강을 실시하였다. 한편 터널 바닥부의 석탄층은 도로포장 후 침하문제가 예상되어 인버트를 기존 강지보공과 H-beam으로 연결.폐합한 후 콘크리트로 치환(140m구간)하여 추가변위를 최소화하였으며 무근콘크리트로 설계된 라이닝은 철근콘크리트 라이닝으로 변경 시공하였다.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.39-48
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• 2016

In this study, it can be shortened tunnel construction work period by introducing a single-shell tunnel does not placing the secondary concrete lining, a global research trend, reduction of the cost of the lining placement and number of benefits that can ensure the safety of long-term tunnel with a single shell it was to study the tunnel method. First, we analyze the design and construction practices relating to delete lining of the domestic design and construction practices and a comprehensive analysis of the stability study found a rock in good condition interval (1~3 grades), we propose that the lining uninstalled. In the case of domestic changes on the ground floor is very heavy underfoot conditions many so tunneling method by single shell as ground conditions are good and one preferred the water points that apply in less soil, the soil health and poor sections (4~5 grades) reflecting with respect to the concrete lining that is expected reasonable.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.25-34
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• 2001

As the topography of Korea consists of mountains at about seventy percent, there is necessarily an increasing demand for tunnel construction according to the expansion of the existing highway and construction of new highway. The concrete lining of tunnel portals has been designed with reinforced concrete to resist the cracking due to the difference in temperature in the inside and outside of tunnel. In the paper, the application of steel fiber reinforcement concrete was analyzed as the lining concrete at tunnel portals and through structure analysis and field model test the suitability of the steel fiber reinforcement concrete was assessed as the lining member of tunnel portal.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Rock Mechanics Conference
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• 1999.03a
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• pp.9-15
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• 1999

말레이지아 보르네오섬 사라왁주의 바군 가배수로 터널(약칭 "바쿤터널")은 본 댐 공사를 수행하기 위한 배수 터널로 터널의 완공시기는 바쿤 수력발전사업의 중요한 요인이다. 터널의 라이닝작업은 터널공사의 완료 단계로 공사비와 공기 면에서 굴착 및 지보작업과 같이 중요한 단계이다. 바쿤터널은 내부 직경 12 m의 유사연장 3개의 터널로 이루어져 있으며 총길이는 4314.6 m 이다. 내공 단면은 배수시 마찰을 감소시키기 위하여 원형단면으로 설계되었다. (중략)계되었다. (중략)

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.165-175
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• 2010

Recently, requirement of a long subsea tunnel has increased due to political, economical and social demands such as saving of distribution costs, improvement of traffic convenience, and regional development. Road and railroad tunnel need a shaft for construction and ventilation because of increase of tunnel length. Shaft diameter, lining sectional thickness and rebar quantity have to be determined for design of concrete lining in the shaft. A lot of structural analyses are needed for optimal design of concrete lining considering shaft diameter, load conditions and ground conditions. Design charts are proposed by structural analyses for various conditions in this study. A sectional thickness and rebar quantity can be easily determined using the proposed design charts.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.33-47
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• 2015

Concrete lining in tunnel construction is used as secondary support for downward loads when primary support decays. The use of concrete lining varies greatly depending on the intentions of engineer and/or client. An engineer uses much smaller deformation modulus which determines the concrete lining thickness than of a pattern 3, when supporting patterns 4 and 5 are used in a weathered rock and soil. Considering these conditions, this study intends to suggest optimal construction procedures through a back analysis using a computer program(MIDAS-civil). Cases of Seoul Subway System line${\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}$ zone${\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}$ were selected to be examined for this study. The results show that it is possible to reduce the thickness of concrete lining. When results from this study were applied to Seoul Metropolitan subway construction projects, it is expected to bring economic benefits.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Rock Mechanics Conference
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• 2003.03a
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• pp.51-66
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• 2003

최근 용지매입의 제한과 자연환경훼손의 최소화를 도모하는 사회적 환경으로 인해 대단면 근접병설터널 계획이 점차 증가하고 있다. 지금까지는 주로 중앙벽체부의 지지기능을 활용한 2Arch터널의 형태로 도심지 지하철의 정거장이나 고속도로의 일부구간에 계획되고 있으나, 대단면 근접병설터널에 대한 시공실적 및 설계사례가 부족한 국내에서는 이에 대한 역학적 거동과 합리적 시공방안에 대한 연구가 미흡한 실정이다. 따라서, 대단면 근접병설터널에 대한 국내·외의 설계 및 시공사례를 정리·분석하므로서 차후 제한된 구간에서의 터널계획시 합리적인 설계 및 시공이 되고자 하였다. 또한, 최근 도심지 구간에 계획중인 터널의안정성 검토 사례를 중심으로 터널 및 인접구조물, 중앙필러부 및 콘크리트 라이닝에 대한 상세 안정성 검토방법을 고찰함으로써 기존 병설터널의 거동특성과는 구별되는 대단면 근접 병설터널의 안정성 평가기법에 대한 방향을 제안하였다.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.1-18
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• 2007

This study is about an arrangement method of trapezoidal pre-cast segment lining that can be applied in shield tunnel construction. Trapezoidal segment lining is formed by assembling tapered pre-cast concrete segments taking advantage of the tapered shape of pre-cast segments upon delivery on site. By calculating tapering of the segments manufactured in single type and rotating the segments when putting them together, a variety of tunnel alignments can be arranged in the most efficient way. Once the design criteria and tunnel alignment (straight or curved) is analyzed, the sequence of assembling trapezoidal segments in compliance with tunnel alignment will be computed. On site an operator can utilize the softwareto automatically determine sequential arrangement of trapezoidal segments. When the actual arrangement of segmental lining is different from the computed output, the operator can input the actually measured values to coincide the computerized calculation with the real status of assembly. Then the adjustment will be the basis of subsequent arrangement of segments, thus the continuity of work can be guaranteed.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.79-90
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• 2002

The structural analysis such as rigid frame analysis has been used for the design of cut and cover tunnel due to its simplicity and convenience. This analysis, however, could not account for the geometrical factors such as interface elements, slope of excavation plane, distance between lining and excavation plane, etc. To develop the analysis technique and design technology for the cut and cover tunnel, in this study, the numerical analyses considering not only geometrical but geotechnical factors are conducted. Especially, the effects on the mechanical behaviors of cut and cover tunnel due to the slope of excavation plane and the distance between lining and excavation plane are mainly focused in this study.

• Magazine of korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.60-77
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• 2009