• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
• /
• v.27 no.3
• /
• pp.245-252
• /
• 2015

As people have more interest in environment-friendly structures recently, many researchers are actively researching non-sintered cement in Korea and other countries. Non-sintered cement shows various characteristics of its reaction products and hardeners, depending on the kind of alkali activators. Thus, this study manufactures ground granulated blast furnace slag based non-sintered cement binder by using circulating fluidized bed combustion ash, which is a kind of industrial byproduct, as a stimulant, and investigated its hardening characteristics and hydration, depending on the rate of circulating fluidized bed combustion ash. Besides, this study investigated its insulation property according to the weight lightening of non-sintered cement. As a result, ettringite and C-S-H were mainly formed in the hydration, and it was possible to manufacture a non-sintered cement hardener over 50 MPa. Lastly, it was possible to manufacture a non-sintered cement hardener in a thermal conductivity level of $0.127W/m{\cdot}K$ when the compressive strength was 10 MPa for weight lightening.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.200-207
• /
• 2019

Cement is one of the most commonly used materials in the construction and civil engineering industry. However, emissions of carbon dioxide generated during the production of cement have been linked to climate change and environment pollutants. In order to replace cement, many studies have been actively performed research to utilizing Blast Furnace Slag(BFS), which is a byproduct of the steel industry. This study aims to investigate the physiochemical properties of the BFS powder based grout to determine whether it can be used as an environment-friendly grout material. As a fine powder, BSF can be used instead of cement grout due to its potential hydraulic property. BSF has also been known for its ability to strengthen materials long-term and to densify the internal structure of concrete. In order to investigate the physicochemical properties of the BFS powder based grout as a grout material, in this study assessment tests were performed through a gel-time measurement, uniaxial compressive strength, and chemical resistance tests, and heavy-metal leaching test. Characteristics and advantages of the slag were studied by comparing slag and cement in various methods.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
• /
• v.45 no.3
• /
• pp.307-315
• /
• 2012

In this paper, a laboratory model test was conducted to evaluate grouting efficiency of ordinary portland cement(OPC) and micro cement used in MIS(Micro-Injection Process System). For this research, a injection equipment was developed for pressure permeation which can evenly simulate various grouting tests in a laboratory and suggested a standard for the production of the test specimen. Using the injection device, the laboratory injection tests of grouts were prepared with water/cement ratio of 1:1, 2:1, 3:1, 4:1, and 5:1. The analysis of injection test for pressure permeation showed that the efficiency of injection increases linearly as the water/cement ratio increases. Comparison of efficiency of the injection indicates that MIS with a relatively smaller average diameter shows more efficient injection than the OPC. In the low ratio of water/cement as 2:1~1:1, the injection efficiency of OPC was especially poor. Also, a nonlinear grout volume-injection time is represented by a hyperbolic model and grout volume predicted by hyperbolic model was compared with the value measured. From the comparison, it shows that the hyperbolic model has the potential of evaluating the efficiency of grouting.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
• /
• v.7 no.6
• /
• pp.113-119
• /
• 2006

Recently, the ground injection method using water glasses as one of the main resources and the products of these constructions have basic problems in terms of the method of constructions for the permanent foundation reinforcement and stopping leakage of water because they have some serious problems such as durability, compressive strength, injectant eluviation and so forth even though they are still used to stop leakage of water in the temporary structures. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the strength characteristic and environment friendliness of NDS method by unconfined compressive strenth test, permeability test, length change test, leaching test, and assessment of environmental impact in comparison water glass type material. The test results show that NDS method has significant improvement of strength, permeability, volume change, and leaching. An assessment of environmental impact also demonstrates that the NDS material is environmentally friendly.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
• /
• v.14 no.6
• /
• pp.31-38
• /
• 2013

This study carried out fundamental study on the forest road pavement method of cementing the ground using the compaction equipment after laying by mixing with eco-friendly stabilizer, natural soil and water. Target strength of pavement was set to 2.0MPa and the specimen was produced per mixing ratio of cement, kinds of natural soil and curing period to evaluate the durability and unconfined compressive strength. Unconfined compressive strength test was conducted to compare strength by producing the test specimen mixing environment-friendly cement as well as the test specimen mixing cement with the same mixing ratio. To evaluate the durability, surface abrasion test and water flow resistance test were conducted. In addition, SB and GB tests were conducted using iron marble and golf ball to evaluate the walking satisfaction since it can be used by visitors due to the feature of forest road.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.82-93
• /
• 2024

Since the cement industry generates more than 60 % of CO₂ during the clinker production process, supplementary cementitious materials are used worldwide to reduce CO₂ efficiently. Mainly used supplementary cementitious materials such as blast furnace slag and fly ash, which are used in various industries including the cement industry, concrete admixtures, and ground solidification materials. However, since their availability is expected to decrease in the future according to the carbon neutrality strategy of each industry, new supplementary cementitious materials should be used to achieve the cement industry's goal for increasing the additive content of Portland cement. Limestone is a material that already has a large amount in the cement industry and has the advantage of high grinding efficiency, so overseas developed countries established Portland limestone cement standards and succeeded in commercialization. This study was an experimental study conducted to evaluate the possibility of utilizing domestic PLC, the effect of fineness and replacement ratio on the physical properties of cement was investigated, and the environmental impact of cement was evaluated by analyzing CO₂ emissions.

• Resources Recycling
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.13-20
• /
• 2010

Much energy is consumed up when making a concrete. And especially, because lots of $CO_2$ is discharged for combination material, cement, we are making efforts in order to get lid of this negative thought. Recently, much interest is given to manufacturing eco concrete which is environment friendly and its' application. We should study manufacturing of the concrete whose environment friendly performance should be improved as consistent development concept in order for various approaches to be settled down our country such as lowering of environmental load, utilization of industry wastes and improvement of environment related performance. This study inquired into utilization possibility through from various tests results after manufacturing eco type mixed concrete whose purpose is to lower environmental load in which cement and aggregates can be replaced with metakaolin which is natural material and copper slag which is industry by product.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
• /
• v.19 no.6
• /
• pp.667-676
• /
• 2007

As the 21st century began, cement and concrete that are representatives of modem building materials became a major factor in global warming, air pollution and environmental pollution. Also, the problems that are generated while pursuing high performance and high strength became social issues. Therefore, it has become urgent to prepare counter plans. This study has aimed at the recycling of sewage sludge ash and developing it as a new concept in building material which serves the environmental considerations for long-lasting developmental purpose. Also, the study aimed to find a substitute for scarce natural resources and to secure high techniques for waste recycling. The purpose of this study was also to solve fundamentally secondary environmental pollution. The results revealed that the chemical components of sewage sludge ash are mainly $SiO_2\;and\;Al_2O_3$ which are similar to the components of pozzolan. Also, it was identified that sewage sludge ash can be utilized as a hardened specimen with an alkali activated pozzolan reaction. Considering the possibility of appropriate strength development and the advantage of drying shrinkage, compared with that of cement, it was believed that sewage sludge ash can demonstrate a function as a substitute for cement given.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
• /
• v.26 no.4
• /
• pp.499-506
• /
• 2014

A number of studies on eco-friendly and healthy building materials are being conducted as modern people are becoming more conscious about health and the environment they live in. Among those materials, studies on Hwangtoh are the most prevalent but due to its strength, crack coming from drying shrinkage, and susceptibility to water, the usage of Hwangtoh is incomplete and limited to be used as a common building material. Cement concrete, considered as one of the most widely used building materials, is extensively used in construction because it is economical, easily accessible and moldable and has proper compressive strength. Due to carbon dioxide created in the process of making cement concrete, it is recognized as pollution. Accordingly, there are a lot of studies on reduction of carbon dioxide in cement concrete industry. There are increasing numbers of researches as well as developments on Hwangtoh or traditional construction materials used in South Korea to reduce the environmental problems. Therefore, this study suggests the basic features of the construction material that can replace cement concrete in the future with the non-sindtered cement mixed with non-sintering hwangtoh which is made with the furnace slag and multiple stimulants.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
• /
• 2008.04a
• /
• pp.689-692
• /
• 2008

The purpose of this study was to analyze mechanical properties through an experiment of concrete that reinforced PET fiber, blast furnace slag and Hwangtoh. As admixture that is substitute material of cement for environmental concrete development In order to measure compressive strength, the experiment has executed to concrete, Hwangtoh concrete and a mixture specimen of Hwangtoh and PET reinforcement fiber. Also, creep and drying shrinkage experiment have executed to analyze long-term quality of specimens. Test results, compressive strength by age was not much of difference as a substitute, however, compressive strength of HTC specimen was the strongest of the three specimens. In the case of creep and drying shrinkage, long-term quality of HTC specimen was distinguished.