• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.341-348
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• 2007

We dentists perform many of routine dental procedures and must deal with much of the population's dental anxiety and fear. Dentists have used many non-pharmacological modalities initially to overcome anxiety and fear, including distraction, empathy, desensitization, and so on. However, certain patients need pharmacological backup of anxiety and fear to conquer dental treatment. This article presents four cases to introduce the methods from nitrous oxide and oxygen inhalation to general anesthesia for difficult adult dental phobic patients to deal with.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.203-211
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to determine the association of some adult dental fear and depression, and stress. Among the patients who came to the dental clinic for periodontal treatment, 68 patients who agreed to participate in the study and who met the selection criteria were included. Dental fear, depression symptom questionnaire, salivary cortisol, which can objectively evaluate blood pressure, pulse, and stress. The results of the analysis showed that depressive symptom was related to 'delayed treatment promise', 'cancellation of treatment appointment', 'increased muscle tension', 'rapid breathing when entering dentistry', 'fear when waiting in the waiting room', 'fear when you smell the hospital', 'fear when looking at the dental clinic', 'fear when seeing the anesthetic needle', 'fear when tooth whistle was heard', 'fear when teeth were removed', and 'total fear of dentistry'(p<0.05). Stress symptoms were higher in 'having sweated in the dentist', 'faster pulse', 'fear of entering the dentist' and 'total fear of the dentist'(p<0.05). Based on these results, it is necessary to study the effective methods to control the depressive symptoms and stress of patients who visit dental clinics, and it seems that continuous management is needed to prepare methods such as relaxation therapy for dental fear patients.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.31 no.12
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• pp.1123-1128
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• 2009

Noise radiated from medical treatment at dental clinic will affect the patients. On such point of view, We investigated the noise characteristics in case of medical treatment (scaling, tooth eliminating) and non-medical examination (idling) and also evaluated the degree of indoor noise using the evaluation index such as PSIL, NRN and made up a questionnaire about the reactions to noise. As a result of noise evaluation, it shows that the range of noise level is 67.7~78.3 dB(A) and frequency is very high (above 4 k Hz) and respondents are affected by noise (unpleasantness, hesitation to visit dental clinic, shivering with noise, being astonishment). Analysis by PSIL showed that it was no problem to conversation between worker and patient. But it exceeded the noise permit level in working space by NR-curve. To relieve a fear of noise in patients, they are considered to offer the ear protection, choose the low noisevibration equipment and use the masking effect. They are of great advantage to dental clinics to i prove dental service and competitiveness.

• The Journal of Korea Assosiation for Disability and Oral Health
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.97-100
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• 2014

We experienced a case of dental treatment under general anesthesia in a 22-year-old female patient with dysphagia and dental phobia following partial glossectomy. She was diagnosed of squamous cell carcinoma of tongue and received surgical, radiation treatment two years ago. We report the experiences of anesthetic management for dental treatment in a patient with dysphagia and dental phobia following partial glossectomy.

• Journal of The Korean Dental Society of Anesthesiology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.209-213
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• 2010

Anxiety and fear is two main factors that keep patients from going to dental clinic. Especially, patients may feel implants operations are more traumatic. Intravenous conscious sedation for dental treatment can make patient comfortable and relaxable. Midazolam is more popular for sedation for dental treatment, but target-controlled infusion (TCI) of propofol and remifentanil is gaining wide popularity. A 54-year-old female patient who had severe dental phobia was referred to our dental hospital. She had past history of 2 times of hyperventilation and syncope during dental treatment. The patient showed a lot of dental anxiety and fear to dental treatments and stress reduction protocol was needed. We administered intravenous conscious sedation using target controlled infusion system with remifentanil and propofol. During sedation, we monitored the status of consciousness with bispectral index and vital signs. Dental treatment could be finished successfully without any problems.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.141-146
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• 2006

Personality characteristics of recurred TMD patients were analyzed psychologically by using the SCL-90-R. 27 recurred TMD patients, 45 new TMD patients, control I were subjected at Orofacial pain clinic, Department Of Oral Medicine and Health Promotion Center, Pusan National University Hospital during the period from 2005 to 2006. 50 general dental patients, control II were subjected at a local dental office in Pusan during the same period. The obtained results were as follows. 1. Mean values of T-scores on 9 basic scales in all the groups were within normal range. 2. The T-scores of IS, Dep, Phob, Psy in general Dental patient group were significantly higher than those in recurred TMD patient group. 3. As compared with recurred TMD patient Group & control I group by sexual subclass, there was no significant difference of the scales. 4. As compared with acute and chronic groups, there was no significant difference of the scales in recurred TMD patient group. However, the T-scores of Som, Par, Phob, Psy in chronic new TMD patient group were significantly higher than those in acute new TMD patient group, control I group.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.48 no.11
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• pp.829-840
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• 2010

In recent years, medical techniques have provided patients with various measures to improve their quality of life. For dental treatment, drug-mediated sedation techniques for relieving dental anxiety have been developed, but behavior control through drugmediation may be limited because of possible side effects, contraindications, and the additional expense to the patient. Many patients tend to avoid the treatment or are unwilling to accept it and this makes both patients and dentists feel pressured. The field of NLP application might alleviate this uncomfortableness. Recently, NLP has spread to the dental and medical field rapidly and has been used in surgical treatments as well as in direct psychotherapy. NLP techniques which could be applied to dental phobic patients are as follows. 1) anchoring, 2) dissociation, 3) submodality change, 4) time line threapy, 5) swish pattern, 6) six step reframing, 7) parts integration, 8) modeling and imagination and so on. The aim of this study is to examine the strategy of NLP psychology so that dental phobic patients can be treated efficiently and effectively by the application of behavior management. Through NLP, patients can be induced to have more positive attitudes and experiences in future dental treatment.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.607-620
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the overall research trends and factors influencing dental fears in the last 10 years (2007-2017) and provide recommendations for future research. Methods: The literature review focused on dental fear research in Korea. Inclusion criteria of selected studies were as follows: studies that examined fear in middle school students or older, studies undertaken between 2007-2017, and studies that examined trends and factors relating to dental fears. Results: Findings from this literature review showed that the most commonly used tool for measuring dental fear was the Dental Fear Survey (DFS). A lack of trust towards the dentist increased dental fear among patients. Women managed fear better than men. Past pain experiences increased dental fear. The most frequent intervention for reducing fear was sound (41.7%). Most of the intervention studies demonstrated a reduction of fear, with the exception of interventions using ear plugs. Fear was increased in studies involving ear plugs. Conclusions: Based on the results of the study, specific measures should be taken to alleviate past pain experiences, such as the fear of anesthetic injections and sensations of the dental drill. Continuous research is needed to reduce dental fear.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.710-716
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the intravenous (IV) sedation technique with midazolam and ketamine for uncooperative dental child patients. Three child patients between the ages of 4.4 years and 5.6 years who required sedation for dental treatment were given midazolam and ketamine. Initial dosage was combined of $0.03{\sim}0.06mg/kg$ midazolam and 1.0mg/kg ketamine. Additional dosages of ketamine (0.33mg/kg) were given as needed to maintain deep sedation. Pulse rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure, oxygen saturation, adverse reactions, postoperative recovery and behavior were monitored with saturation pulse oximetry, ECG, NIBP and Cardiocap. In conclusion, the combination of midazolam and ketamine is efficacious in deep sedation for painful dental treatment. However, a significant drop in oxygen saturation was observed as a common adverse side effect. Therefore advanced airway management proficiency is required in order to achieve a successful IV sedation.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.81-87
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• 2019

Patients with Down's syndrome have several dental complications such as small teeth caused by underdevelopment of dentin and enamel, periodontitis, agenesis of teeth, prolonged retention of primary teeth and malocclusion due to narrow palate. Removable denture with maxillary double crowns would be a good treatment option to solve the problems of the patient with Down's syndrome. Double crowns compensate the insufficient support and retention of denture and easily solve the cross bite problem. Double crowns also allow easy repair of denture in case of abutment teeth extraction. In this case, 26-year-old female patient with Down's syndrome and dental phobia had small number of teeth with enamel hypoplasia, prolonged retention of primary teeth and dental cross bite. Prosthetic treatment was done using removable denture with double crowns in the maxilla. In the mandible, teeth preparation was done on enamel margin without anesthesia. Anterior laminate and posterior complete zirconia crown restorations were performed. As a result, the cross bite was effectively corrected by denture with double crowns. Pronunciation and appearance were also improved without extraction of teeth and dental anesthesia.