• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2005.07b
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• pp.1565-1567
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• 2005

본 논문은 듀얼듀플렉스구조로 설계된 한국형고속철도 열차제어시스템의 전자연동장치 선로전환기제어모듈에 대하여 안전성활동 체계에 따라 위험원을 도출하고 분석하여 선로전환기제어모듈에 대한 위험측고장률을 예측하였다. 시스템으로 인해 발생할 수 있는 리스크를 분석하여 리스크를 완화하기 위한 안전대책의 수준인 안전무결성레벨에서 제시하는 정량적인 기준을 만족하기 위한 위험측고장률예측을 선로전환기 제어모듈을 대상으로 연구하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2003.04d
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• pp.298-300
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• 2003

모바일 컴퓨팅 환경에서 서버와 클라이언트 간에 데이터 전송은 대역폭의 차이로 인해 비대칭적 통신 구조를 이룬다. 이와 같은 제한된 환경에서 정보 전달은 한번의 전송으로 다수의 클라이언트에게 서비스를 제공하는 브로드캐스트 기법이 효과적이다 하지만 브로드캐스트 방식은 전송되는 데이터의 양이 많을 경우 클라이언트 측에서는 필요한 서비스를 제공받기 위해 높은 접근대기 시간을 갖는 문제점을 가지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 클라이언트 요청 정보를 프로파일 형태로 서버측에 저장하고 이를 데이터 마이닝 기법을 사용해서 자주 요청되면서 서로 연관성이 높은 데이터 패턴을 추출하여 전송함으로써 접근대기 시간을 줄 일수 있는 기법을 제안한다 또한 추출된 패턴도 정기적으로 브로드캐스트 함으로써 클라이언트 측에서 예견적인 프리패치와 캐쉬 재배치를 통해 배터리 소비량을 줄이는 방법을 제안한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2003.04d
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• pp.430-432
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• 2003

멀티미디어 기술의 발달로 다자간 그룹 통신에 참여하는 참여자는 증가하고 있다. 그에 따라 많아진 참여자들의 정보와 현재 창설자의 상태 등을 관리해 줄 수 있는 멤버쉽 관리 기능을 해주는 구조가 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 다자간 그를 통신에서 그룹의 세션을 관리하는 세션 관리(Session Management)와 참석자들의 정보와 현재 상태 등을 관리하는 멤버쉽 관리(Membership Management) 기능을 가진 GMP(Group Management Protocol)를 설계 구현하였다 이러한 GMP는 클라이언트/서버 기반으로 동작하며, 서버 측에서 클라이언트를 관리한다. 설계된 관리 기능의 알고리즘은 간단하기 때문에 다자간 그룹 통신에서 간단하고 효율적인 관리를 할 수 있으며, 관리를 서버 측에서 항으로서 송신자 측의 부담이 줄어든다. 본 논문에서는 SM과 MM을 시험하기 위한 응용으로서 파일 전송 응용을 사용하여 실험하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2014.04a
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• pp.543-546
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• 2014

전시회를 개최하는 목적은 기업과 고객 간의 상품 정보 교환의 장을 제공하는데 있다. 이에 대응하여 박람회 개최를 위한 총괄적인 관리가 필요하다. 이러한 총괄적인 관리가 이루어진다면 박람회를 유치하는 주최 측과 참가하는 기업 측, 참관 측에 대한 서비스의 폭이 넓어지고, 상호작용이 수월하게 이루어 질 수 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 총괄적인 관리가 가능한 박람회 관리 애플리케이션을 개발하고자 한다. 특히, QR코드를 통해, 설문지를 작성, 배포할 수 있는 일원화 시스템을 만들고자 한다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.521-526
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• 2005

The fuzzy entropy is proposed for measuring of uncertainty with the help of relation between distance measure and similarity measure. The proposed fuzzy entropy is constructed through a distance measure. In this study, Hamming distance measure is employed for a distance measure. Also a similarity measure is constructed through a distance measure for the measure of similarity between fuzzy sets or crisp sets and the proposed fuzzy entropies and similarity measures are proved.

• The Magazine of the Society of Air-Conditioning and Refrigerating Engineers of Korea
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.67-81
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• 1986

냉각탑, 밀폐식냉각탑, 증발식응축기는 증발식냉각기의 분류에 속한다. 열은 증발에 의해 제거되어, 중력에 따라 유하하는 수 film으로 부터 충전물, 또는 밀폐식냉각탑, 증발식응축기의 관군상을 흐르는 공기에 전달된다. 따라서 공기측에서의 열과 물질의 이동프로세스는 기본적으로는 동일하다. 각 형식에서의 차이는 냉각되는 유체측에서의 열저항의 형태가 다르다는 점이다. 이 무저항은 냉각탑에서는 아주 작으나 다른 두 경우에 있어서는 계산상 고려하지 않으면 안된다. 이 논문은 이들 세 형식에 대해 통일된 이론을 적용할 수 있다는 것을 보여주기 위한 것이다. 그러므로 열 및 물질이동저항의 계산을 위한 식에 대해 논의하고 있다. 또한 복잡성을 피하기 위해, Merkel의 근사식을 공기측의 열 및 물질이동계산에 이용하였다.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.26 no.5 s.58
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• pp.581-590
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• 1996

Bone resorptiion was predominate in compression site, bone formation in tension site of periodontal ligament during tooth movement. The biologic response at compressiion site was different from tension site. Thus the CGHP immuno-positive nerve fiber will respond differently to mechanical force according to the area( compression or tension site). The purpose of this study was to investigate this response of CGRP immune-positive nerve fiber in the periodontal ligament according to the duration of applied force and the area (compression or tension site) during experimental tooth movement. The experimental animals were 7 week old male rat (approximately 200 gm). The orthodontic force was applied mesially to the right maxillary molar using the Ni-Ti coil spring during 12hours, 1, 3, 7, and 120days. Immunohistochemical staining using antibody against CGRP was performed after sacrifice. The results were as follows. The CGRP immune-positive nerve bundle showed reduced immunoreactivity and nerve fibers reduced in density after application of orthodontic force for 12 hours and 1day. The CGRP immune-positive nerve fibers showed many thin branches at the apical periodontal ligament after application of force for 3 days as compared with normal. The tension site in the apical periodontal ligament showed more branches than the compression site. In 7 day group, the CGRP immune-positive nerve fibers increased in terms of the number and had many thin branches in the apical periodontal ligament. The tension site had more branches than the compression site. In 12 day group, the CGRP immune-positive nerve fibers showed similar distribution to normal control at compression site of apical periodontal ligament, but the fibers at the tension site increased in number. The CGRP immuno-positive nerve fibers showed more increased at tension site than compression site after application of orthodontic force. Therefore it seems to have some relation to the bone remodeling besides the local inflammatory process.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.27 no.4 s.63
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• pp.559-568
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• 1997

For orthodontic tooth movement, optimal orthodontic force should be maintained without periodontal breakdown and alveolar bone should be remodeled physiologically Therefore, To obtain proper occlusion through tooth movement within alveolar bone, we should know the biomechanics of teeth and supporting 4issues. The present study was performed to observe histologic changes of periodontal tissue immediately after application of orthodontic force and during the retention period in growing young adult dogs. In this study, experimental group contained between mandibular left canine and 1st molar and control group contained contralateral teeth of same animal. The .018'x.022' stainless steel closed coil spring(Dentaurum Co.) was ligated on the experimental teeth at initial 200gm-force from mandibular canine to 1st molar The animals(4 to 6 months aged young adult dogs) were sacrificed on 0, 14, 28 days after the finish of appliance activation, and then tissue samples were divided into hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining section, ground section, alkaline phosphatase(ALP) staining section, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase(TRAP) staining section. Thereafter, the preparations were examined under light microscopy The following results were obtained: 1. Immediately after the finish of appliance activation, the periodontal space was increased in tension side, but decreased in pressure side compared to that of control. The hyalinized zone was also observed in the periodontium. 2. After the 14-day retention, peridontal space was decreased in tension side and slightly increased in pressure side compared to that of immediately after the finish of appliance activation. The hyalinized zone was repaired and a few osteoblasts showing slightly new bone formation were seen. Osteoblasts were scarcely observed along the alveolar bone. 3. Aftter the 28-day retention, the periodontal fibers are normally repaired. A lot of TRAP(+) osteoclasts md increased alveolar bone resorption were observed in pressure side, and AP(+) osteoblast and increased new bone formation were observed in tension side.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.312-323
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• 2011

Objective: This study compared the bone thickness of the palate between lateral cephalogram and 3D model measurements. Methods: The subjects consisted of 30 adults (15 men,15 women) with a normal skeletal pattern and occlusion. The CT images were transformed to a 3D model, and were compared with the cephalometric image. Descriptive statistics for each variable were calculated. Results: In the 3D CT model, the mid-palatal area was the thickest part. It became thinner as the palate tapered laterally. In the male group, the thinnest portion was positioned 6 mm away from the mid-palate, while in the female group the thinnest portion was 8mm away from the mid-palate. Correlation analysis between the lateral cephalometric and 3D CT model revealed a significant correlation except in the mid palatal area and the area 2 mm lateral to the mid-palate in men, whereas there was a significant relationship in every area in the women. In both men and women, the highest correlation appeared in the area 8 mm lateral to the mid palate. Conclusions: Using regression analysis, an actual prediction of the bone thickness between the measured bone thickness of the lateral cephalometric radiograph and 3D model was made. This will provide useful information for mini-implant length selection when inserting into the palate.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.29 no.2 s.73
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• pp.277-284
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relation between the treatment duration and cephalometric measurements and the PAR index in Class I malocclusion patients. In 100 Class I malocclusion patients, PAR score and cephalometric measurements were taken from study model and cephalometric radiographs and analyzed statistically. The results of this study were obtained as follows: 1. treatment duration was correlated with extraction and pre PAR index. 2. ANB, FMA, FMIA and IMPA exhibited positive correlation between pre PAR index and pretreatment cephalometric measurements. 3. $\underline{1}$ to FP exhibited positive correlation between post PAR index and posttreatment cephalometric measurements, and $\overline{1}$ to FP exhibited negative correlation. 4. $\underline{1}$ to SN, IIA and $\overline{1}$ to FP exhibited positive correlation between ${\%}\;PAR$ reduction and the change of cephalometric measurements and FMA FMIA, WITS and UL exhibited negative correlation. The results of this study indicate that PAR index taken from study model relate with items concerned with upper and lower incisors, and there are the tendency that pretreatment PAR index are larger in the patients with large Am value and hyperdivergent face.