• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.67-95
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• 2007

이 연구의 주된 목적은 IMF 외환위기를 계기로 사회경제적 차별출산력의 양상이 어떻게 변화하였는가를 파악하는 것이다. 이 연구는 2003년 전국출산력조사 자료를 활용하여 20-49세 기혼 여자의 총출생아수와 1998년 이후의 출생아수를 비교분석하였다. 또한, 분석대상을 1997년 이전에 결혼하였거나 재혼한 부인들과 1997년 이후 처음 결혼한 부인들의 두 집단으로 구분하여 출산력 수준과 출산행태를 비교함으로써 IMF 외환우기 이전과 이후의 변화양상을 파악하고자 시도하였다. 총출생아수에 대한 분석 결과. 부부의 사회경제적인 조건과 출산수준은 대체로 뒤집어진 J 자형의 관계를 유지하는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 즉 사회경제적 지위가 높아질수록 출산수준이 낮아지는 경향이 발견되었다. 그러나 사회경제적 지위가 가장 높은 집단은 바로 밑의 집단 보다 출산수준이 상대적으로 높았다. 그런데, 최근의 출산수준은 이러한 사회경제적 차별출산력과는 뚜렷하게 대조적인 양상을 나타냈다. IMF 외환위기 이후 출산수준 감소의 폭은 기존의 출산수준과 정비례하는 방식으로 미루어졌다. 출산수준이 높은 집단일수록 급속한 출산력 저하가 이루어졌으며 출산수준이 낮은 집단에서는 상대적으로 변화가 완만하였다. 그 결과, 최근의 출산수준은 중상층에 해당하는 사회경제적 지위를 지닌 집단이 가장 높고, 다음이 최상위 집단, 그리고 하위 집단의 순으로 바뀌었다. 이러한 경향은 부부의 교육수준, 직업, 종사상 지위, 주관적 계층에 따른 최근 출산력의 변화양상에서 일관적으로 나타났다.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.111-137
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to analyze how to change the fertility behavior at each parity after/before the economic crisis, and to find its significant determinants. The study assumes that because the socioeconomic changes have significant effects on the individual's fertility behavior, the individual's fertility behaviors and the determinants affecting fertility at each parity may change with economic crisis. Such assumption has been proven in this study. After the economic crisis, Korean fertility behavior at each parity has changed. The proportion of women having no child has increased. However, women who want to have a second child or a third one are more likely to do so within shorter period after marriage. The rectangularization of fertility has appeared after the economic crisis, because women married at later ages tends to finish their child bearing within the short period, especially before age 35. Based on the multiple variable analysis, the determinants affecting the fertility behavior have changed after the economic crisis. Interestingly, the men's safety job have the positive effects on the first childbearing while the women's safety careers have the negative effects on it, after the economic crisis. Before the economic crisis, both do not have significant effects on the first childbearing. This findings point out the limitation of women career favor policy, which purpose to raise the fertility rates by making good environments for women having children to work comfortably without the anxiety of child care.

• Proceedings of the Population Association of Korea Conference
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• 2006.12a
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• pp.59-87
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• 2006

This paper explores the effects of the 1997 economic crisis on the pattern of socioeconomic differentials in fertility. Based on analysis of data from the 2003 Korea National Fertility Survey, this study focuses on recent changes in the level of fertility according to socioeconomic status of the couple including educational level, occupation, working status, income, etc. Results reveal that the level of fertility of those with the highest education, most prestigious occupation, and employer status are higher than those of the next group in the socioeconomic hierarchy. These findings imply that the straight line inverse pattern of socioeconomic differentials in CEB yielded to a reversed J-shaped curve. However, recent differentials of fertility after the economic crisis were found to contrast with the pattern above. Decrease in fertility has been most drastic among those with a high level of fertility, and relatively slow for those with a low level of fertility. The level of recent fertility turns out to be highest among those with upper-middle socioeconomic status, followed by those with the highest socioeconomic status and those with the lowest status. Policy implications and some comments on current population policies of the Korean government are also presented in this paper.

• 한국사회복지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.04a
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• pp.423-444
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• 2005

본 논설은 1960년대 초 이래로 강력히 시행되었던 만국의 출산억제 정책이 여성들의 삶과 새로운 가족규범 및 사회 전반에 미친 영향력에 관하여 Global Standard의 출산복지라는 잣대에 준거하여 검토해 보고자 한다. 이러한 목적을 위하여 연구 방법론으로는 문헌조사 및 인터뷰를 사용한다. 문헌조사를 통하여 한국 정부 및 국내외관련기관들에 남겨진 기록들을 검토하고 인터뷰를 통하여 산아제한운동에 직접 관여하였거나 깊은 관심을 갖었던 주요 인사들의 증언을 수집한다. 구체적으로 1961년부터 1992년까지 시행된 한국의 출산율 감소정책에 대한 사례연구를 Global Standard의 출산복지에 비추어 검토한다. 한국의 인구통제정책의 근원을 밝혀내고 만국의 출산율 감소정책이 공식화되고 시행되는데 관련되었던 국내외의 세력들을 탐색해 본다. 특히 주요 정치인들과 정책 결정자들이 여성의 자율적 출산권(出産權)을 통제하게 된 동기, 철학 그리고 배후의 이익 등을 규명하기 위하여 본 연구는 정책의 여러 측면들을 탐구한다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.502-513
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• 2018

The purpose of the study was to examine the support of crisis pregnancy policies among unmarried college student in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do. All support rates of the crisis pregnancy and delivery policies were high, including support for crisis pregnancy and delivery, the preventive education through professional sex education and the law revision to compensate the existing legislation and system. There was supportive attitude for all adolescent single parenting policies. Especially, parent education and financial independence and education for preventing adolescent single parents from recurrent pregnancy showed a little higher support rate than others. Having a religion showed a higher support rate than atheist. Based on these findings, we will discuss the necessity of the policies of a crisis pregnancy and childbirth and the policies of unmarried adolescent parents. The results of this study could be used as a basic data for revision of relevant policies and establishment of support services.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.169-180
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• 2007

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.71-81
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• 2018

In korea, the infantile abandonment is increasing recently. In this situation, present study aims to analyze german "confidential birth service"(vertrauliche Geburt) and to find out implications for korean practice. the results of the study are as follows. "confidential birthservice" is centered on pregnancy counseling center. Through this service, pregnant women in crisis are assured of their anonymity and can safely bring baby into the world. After the child is 16 years old, they can learn about personal information of their biological mother. These "confidential birth service" has received positive evaluation in terms of accessibility, sustainability and reliability of services, linkage and cooperation among agencies, quality of counseling and publicity. Implication for Korean pratice include the provision of legal and institutional devices for "confidential birth services", the establishment of implementing agencies, cooperation with related organizations, and the strengthening of the capacity of practitioners, as well as suggestions in the field of counseling and public relations.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.97-116
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• 2007

As the fertility level in Korea continues to drop with detrimental implications for the society, it has regained much attention of academics and policy makers. This study, building on the previous research on fertility behavior, attempts to explore the plan of young married women to have an additional child. While such plan is not always put into practice, it is still closely related to fertility behavior. In addition, it can provide useful clues to understanding behavior in the future. Utilizing a recent nationwide survey on marriage and fertility, the study analyzes the plan of further birth among young married women according to the number of their children. The results show that the plan for first child is quite universal as no difference is found by their socioeconomic and demographic characteristics. However, having plan for second child differs by the work status of husbands, presence of mother of young married women, and the sex of first child. The effects of first two factors suggest that young married women take into consideration stability of home economics and availability of care sharing. As for the plan for the child, the present and ideal sex composition of children appear most important. The results indicate that the mechanism of fertility progression differs by the current number of children. Thus, consideration of such differential would help us deepen our understanding of fertility behaviors and need to reflect in the study. The study also argues that comprehensive and systematic qualitative research should be accompanied by to capture complexity of fertility decision making process.

• Journal of Christian Education in Korea
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• v.65
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• pp.55-80
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• 2021

This study attempted to find a Christian religious alternative to the seriousness of the problem of low birth rate which has become a national and social problem, and its alternative. Korea is a low birth rate country. The phenomenon of low birth rate and childbirth avoidance is a reality that not only are national problems but also Korean churches are experiencing serious problems, and will continue to affect them. It will affect the church in four major ways. First, is a sharp decline in the number of members. Second, is the decline of Sunday schools. Third, various family problems and generational conflicts will arise. And it brings problems such as a crisis of faith among members. Young people living today have an unconventional attitude toward marriage, childbirth, and parenting. But for Christians, childbirth is a way of living in that God blessed us to "be fruitful, multiply, and fill the earth." In other words, childbirth must be recognized as a blessing from God, not a human decision. Therefore, we must know how precious the fetus is in front of God and that it is a precious life. Thus, we should be interested in how to nurture the life God has given. To do so the church's role is education is to shape the value of life from a biblical perspective. Therefore the church needs to see how the Christian faith of young and married couples who are about to marry, give birth, and raise children, affects the childbirth and rearing of children. And it is necessary to study what the role of church and Christian education is to solve the problem of low birth rate and to suggest alternatives. For this study, we will first identify the factors of low birth rate. Then we will confirm childbirth and the blessing of God through the Bible. Finally, the role of the church in low birth rate and educational alternatives will be presented.

• Journal of Christian Education in Korea
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• v.72
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• pp.49-70
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to suggest a response and solution through Christian educational care to the crisis and change of the era of low birth rate faced by Korean society and the Korean church. This study proposes to find an alternative to the biblical aspect of pregnancy, childbirth, and parenthood as God's blessing for the demographic cliff and low birth rate problem that have become a reality in Korean society and churches. Being a parent in an age of low birth rate is very difficult, but on the other hand, it gives happiness and joy. Being a parent is a blessing from God, and is the most important and valuable thing in life. However, modern society emphasizes the right and necessity to choose one's own parenthood status. In the nuclear family, the decrease in the number of children, and the development of child research, parents feel more responsibility and economic burden for raising children than ever before. Therefore, it is a reality that the number of people who delay becoming parents or voluntarily do not have children is gradually increasing. To improve the perception of becoming a parent due to a decrease in responsibility for raising children, it is necessary to shed light on marriage, pregnancy, childbirth, and childrearing from a Christian educational point of view. In addition, it is necessary to understand the recognition of being a parent and the characteristics of childbirth and rearing, and to analyze past and present value changes. This study will also discuss the causes of low birthrate and try to provide Christian educational care for childcare including solving the low birthrate problem.