• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.17-29
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• 2010

A container terminal productivity is maximized by a minimized time for processing containers. So, we have been elevated the container terminal productivity through an improvement of computing system, but there are a limitation because of problems for transportation management and method. A Y/T(Yard Tractor), which is a representative transportation, is able to do only one process, loading or unloading, at one time. So if the Y/T can do loading and unloading step by step at a same time, the processing time would be shortened. In this paper, we proposed an effective operating process of Y/T(Yard Tractor) Multi-Cycle System by applying RTLS(Real Time Location System) to Y/T(Yard Tractor) in order to improve the process of loading and unloading at the container terminal. For this, we described Multi-Cycle System. This system consists of a real time location of Y/T based on RTLS, an indicating of Y/T location in real time with GIS technology, and an algorithm(Dijkstra's algorithm) of the shortest distance. And we used the system in container terminal process and could improve the container terminal productivity. As the result of simulation for the proposed system in this paper, we could verify that 9% of driving distance was reduced compared with the existing rate and 19% of driving distance was reduced compared with the maximum rate. Consequently, we could find out the container performance is maximized.

• Archives of design research
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• v.19 no.5 s.67
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• pp.203-212
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• 2006

With interests and participation in the costumeplay that mimics characters appeared on carton or animation in recent days, the costumeplay becomes one of cultural phenomena. Using a qualitative research method, this study identified costumeplayers' costume consumption pattern and explored its meanings from the perspective of consumption culture. Indeed, this study intended to help for understanding costumeplayer group as a consumer, and to provide basic knowledge about new market analysis related to fashion design and marketing. The results from the analyzing participant observation and in-depth interviews data are as follows: first, costumeplayers usually begin costumeplay by friends' invitations or by themselves and then continue on participating. Through the costumeplay, participants have benefits such as fun, departure from the daily life, and social interaction. Second, participants acquire costumes through purchase, rent, producing or combination of daily wear, but both purchase and rent account high. Third, the meanings of consumption culture in costumeplay include consumption behavior repeating possession and disposal. Also, costumeplayers concerns efficiency when purchasing or renting the costumes, and internet is a place where information search, comparison, and actual purchasing are occurred. Based on the results, fashion design and marketing implication, limitation of this study and further research ideas were suggested.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.88-101
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• 2008

The aim of this study was to attempt the efficacy of antifungal activity of the wood extracts against Botrytis grey mold. Wood chip derived from Quercus mongolica was obtain from steam explosion process and extracted by hot water and methanol and ethanol. The conidial germination was maximum growth with the application temperature for 20 and $25^{\circ}C$. In pH test, we observed the maximum growth in pH 5.0 and 7.0. Antifungal activity was the best in the hot water extractives against Botrytis cinerea. The separation of the antifungal substances was performed using a silica-gel column (n-hexane : chloroform : ethyl acetate : formic acid = 12 : 17 : 8 : 0.2, v/v/v/v), TLC and UV-Spectrophotometer, and isolated 6 fraction group. The result of antifungal activity in 6 fraction group, fraction group I and fraction group II were the highest antifungal activity against grey mold with the present study. Three peaks in fraction group I and II were detected by HPLC and this compounds were suppose to effective of antifungal activity.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.452-459
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• 2015

The effects of aronia powder on the rheological and sensory characteristics of Sulgidduk were investigated. The moisture content of Sulgidduk ranged from 40.86 to 44.40%; however, addition of aronia powder to Sulgidduk tended to decrease its moisture content. With regard to the rheological properties, the addition of aronia powder decreased the hardness, springiness, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, chewiness, gumminess, and brittleness of Sulgidduk. Chromaticity determination revealed a decrease in L and b values, while the a value increased with the increasing amounts of aronia powder. Total polyphenol, total flavonoid and total anthocyanin contents increased with the increasing amounts of aronia powder. Antioxidant activity, measured by DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities, was significantly higher than that of the control, and increased proportionally with the amount of aronia powder. During 4 day storage, the growth of total aerobic colony and coliform content significantly decreased with increasing levels of aronia powder in Sulgidduk. Sensory evaluation demonstrated the best score in color, taste and overall acceptance when aronia powder was added at 5% of rice powder. These results suggest that 5% aronia powder can be added for the preparation of Sulgidduk.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.331-338
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• 2000

The algicidal effects of marine bacteria were investigated and a strain, which had the strongest algicidal activity against the harmful dinoflagellate, Cochiodinim polykrikoides was selected. The bacterium was isolated in seawater during the period of blooming of C. polykrikoides in Masan Bay. This algicidal bacterium was identified as Micrococcus sp. LG-5 by means of morphological and biochemical tests. The optimal culture conditions of Micrococcus sp, LG-5 were $25^{\circ}C,\;pH 7.0\;and\;3.0{\%}$ NaCl concentration. The algicidal activity of Micrococcus sp. LG-5 was significantly increased to maximum value in the late of logarithmic phase of cell cuture. In addition, the culture filtrate ($pore size,\;0.1{\mu}m$) of Microcoocus sp. LG-5 showed strong algicidal effects. The cell numbers of C. polykikoides were decreased from $1.2{\times}10^4 cells/ml\;to\;less\;than\;2{\times}10^3\;cells/ml$ within 3, 6, 30 hours at the concentrations of culture filtrate $10{\%},\;5{\%}\;and\;1{\%}$, respectively. These results indicated that the algicidal effect was mediated by certain substances released from Microooccus sp. LG-5.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.211-218
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• 2015

This paper introduces a 'divide-and-conquer' algorithm to the travelling salesman problem (TSP). Top 10n are selected beforehand from a pool of n(n-1) data which are sorted in the ascending order of each vertex's distance. The proposed algorithm then firstly selects partial paths that are interconnected with the shortest distance $r_1=d\{v_i,v_j\}$ of each vertex $v_i$ and assigns them as individual regions. For $r_2$, it connects all inter-vertex edges within the region and inter-region edges are connected in accordance with the connection rule. Finally for $r_3$, it connects only inter-region edges until one whole Hamiltonian cycle is constructed. When tested on TSP-1(n=26) and TSP-2(n=42) of real cities and on a randomly constructed TSP-3(n=50) of the Euclidean plane, the algorithm has obtained optimal solutions for the first two and an improved one from that of Valenzuela and Jones for the third. In contrast to the brute-force search algorithm which runs in n!, the proposed algorithm runs at most 10n times, with the time complexity of $O(n^2)$.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.9-20
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• 2009

Navigation system providing route-guidance and traffic information is one of the most widely used driver-support system these days. Most of the navigation system is based on the 2D map paradigm so the information is ed and encoded from the real world. As a result it imposes a cognitive burden to the driver to interpret and translate the ed information to real world information. As a new concept of navigation system, augmented-reality navigation system (AR navigation) is suggested recently. It provides navigational guidance by imposing graphical information on real image captured by camera mounted on a vehicle in real-time. The ultimate goal of navigation system is to assist the driving task with least driving workload whether it is based on the abstracted graphic paradigm or realistic image paradigm. In this paper, we describe the comparative studies on how map navigation and AR navigation affect for driving tasks by experimental research. From the result of this research we obtained a basic knowledge about the two paradigms of navigation systems. On the basis of this knowledge, we are going to find the optimal design of navigation system supporting driving task most effectively, by analyzing characteristics of driving tasks and navigational information from the human-vehicle interface point of view.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.85-95
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• 2016

In this study, furfural, which is one of the value-added chemicals, was produced from the hydrolyzate of Quercus mongolica using dilute acid pretreatment, and the optimal pretreatment condition was determined by Response Surface Methodology (RSM) to obtain high yield of furfural. Based on Central Composite Design, the pretreatment experiment was designed with parameters such as reaction temperature ($X_1$), acid concentration ($X_2$), and reaction time ($X_3$) as independent variables, while dependent variable was furfural concentration (Y), and furfural yield (Z) was shown as percentage of Y per a dry weight basis. According to results of RSM, it was confirmed that reaction temperature ($X_1$) was the most influence factor and reaction temperature ($X_1$)-acid concentration ($X_2$) was the most significant interaction factor on furfural yield. Also, the optimal condition for the highest furfural yield was predicted at reaction temperature of $184^{\circ}C$, acid concentration of 1.17%, and reaction time of 5 min by RSM, and expected maximum yield of furfural was 6.37%. Experimentally, the maximum yield of furfural produced at above optimal condition was 6.21%, and it was considerably similar with the predicted value, and therefore the model for furfural production from the hydrolyzate of Quercus mongolica during dilute acid pretreatment could be built using RSM.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.51-78
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• 2021

Followed by 'start-up', the theme of 'scale-up' has been considered as an important agenda in both corporate and policy spheres. In particular, although it is a term commonly used in industry and policy fields, even a conceptual definition has not been achieved from the academic perspective. "Corporate Growth" in the academic aspect and "Business Growth" in the practical management field have different understandings (Achtenhagen et al., 2010). Previous research on corporate growth has not departed from Penrose(1959)'s "Firm as a bundle of resources" and "the role of managers". Based on the theory and background of economics, existing research has mainly examined factors that contribute to firms' growth and their growth patterns. Comparatively, we lack knowledge on the firms' growth with a focus on 'annual revenue growth rate'. In the early stage of the firms, they tend to exhibit a high growth rate as it started with a lower level of annual revenue. However, when the firms reach annual revenue of more than 100 billion KRW, a threshold to be classified as a 'middle-standing enterprise' by Korean standards, they are unlikely to reach a high level of revenue growth rate. In our study, we used our sample of 333 companies (6.7% out of 5,000 'fastest-growing' companies) which reached 15% of the compound annual growth rate in the last three years with more than USD 100 million. It shows that sustaining 'high-growth' above a certain firm size is difficult. The study focuses on firms with annual revenue of more than $100 billion (approximately 120 billion KRW) from the 'Inc. 2020 fast-growing companies 5,000' list. The companies have been categorized into 1) Fast-growing companies (revenue CAGR 15%~40% between 2016 and 2019), 2) Hyper-growing companies (40%~99.9%), and 3) Super-growing (100% or more) with in-depth analysis of each group's characteristics. Also, the relationship between the revenue growth rate, individual company's strategy choice (market orientation, generic strategy, growth strategy, pioneer strategy), industry/market environment, and firm age is investigated with a quantitative approach. Through conducting the study, it aims to provide a reference to the 'Hyper-Growing Model' that combines the paths and factors of growth strategies. For policymakers, our study intends to provide a reference to which factors or environmental variables should be considered for 'optimal effective combinations' to promote firms' growth.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.235-243
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• 2023

Due to the revision of the River Act and the enactment of the Act on the Investigation, Planning, and Management of Water Resources, a regular bed change survey has become mandatory and a system is being prepared such that local governments can manage water resources in a planned manner. Since the topography of a bed cannot be measured directly, it is indirectly measured via contact-type depth measurements such as level survey or using an echo sounder, which features a low spatial resolution and does not allow continuous surveying owing to constraints in data acquisition. Therefore, a depth measurement method using remote sensing-LiDAR or hyperspectral imaging-has recently been developed, which allows a wider area survey than the contact-type method as it acquires hyperspectral images from a lightweight hyperspectral sensor mounted on a frequently operating drone and by applying the optimal bandwidth ratio search algorithm to estimate the depth. In the existing hyperspectral remote sensing technique, specific physical quantities are analyzed after matching the hyperspectral image acquired by the drone's path to the image of a surface unit. Previous studies focus primarily on the application of this technology to measure the bathymetry of sandy rivers, whereas bed materials are rarely evaluated. In this study, the existing hyperspectral image-based water depth estimation technique is applied to rivers with vegetation, whereas spatio-temporal hyperspectral imaging and cross-sectional hyperspectral imaging are performed for two cases in the same area before and after vegetation is removed. The result shows that the water depth estimation in the absence of vegetation is more accurate, and in the presence of vegetation, the water depth is estimated by recognizing the height of vegetation as the bottom. In addition, highly accurate water depth estimation is achieved not only in conventional cross-sectional hyperspectral imaging, but also in spatio-temporal hyperspectral imaging. As such, the possibility of monitoring bed fluctuations (water depth fluctuation) using spatio-temporal hyperspectral imaging is confirmed.