• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.28-33
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• 2015

In this study, a dual fuel engine fueled with natural gas and diesel was tested to investigate the effects of heating value variation of CNG fuel. CNG substitution rate which is defined as the ratio of CNG and diesel supplied in a heating value basis was fixed at 80%. The higher heating value was varied from $10,400kcal/Nm^3$ to $9,400kcal/Nm^3$ by mixing nitrogen gas with pure CNG and diesel fuel was injected at a fixed injection timing. The engine test results showed that thermal efficiency and power output were decreased as the heating value of mixed CNG fuel was decreased. And the peak cylinder pressure was also decreased but the ignition delay time and the combustion duration and timing were almost same.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• 제11권2호통권35호
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• pp.10-14
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• 2007

Flash point is one of the major physical properties used to evaluate fire hazards of the combustible liquids. Properties showing relative fire hazards of the combustible liquids are heat release rate(HRR), peak heat release rate(PHRR), time to ignition(TTI), mass loss rate, and yield of $CO/CO_2$. The relationships between flash points and fire properties of the combustible liquids were examined in this study. For this study, mass loss rate and time to ignition were measured to calculate fire properties of the combustible liquids. The results showed that good correlations could be found between flash point and time to ignition, time to peak heat release rate, and the propensity to flashover. From a presented results, the parameters can be used to evaluate relative hazards of the combustible liquids on fire.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.117-124
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• 2017

The performance of the colored Gauss-Seidel solver on CPU and GPU was investigated for the two- and three-dimensional heat conduction problems by using different mesh sizes. The heat conduction equation was discretized by the finite difference method and finite element method. The CPU yielded good performance for small problems but deteriorated when the total memory required for computing was larger than the cache memory for large problems. In contrast, the GPU performed better as the mesh size increased because of the latency hiding technique. Further, GPU computation by the colored Gauss-Siedel solver was approximately 7 times that by the single CPU. Furthermore, the colored Gauss-Seidel solver was found to be approximately twice that of the Jacobi solver when parallel computing was conducted on the GPU.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 한국수자원학회 2015년도 학술발표회
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• pp.287-291
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 두 지역의 실제 상수관망에 대해서 부정류해석을 수행하였고 각각의 상수관망에 필요한 부정류피해 최소화방안을 제시하였다. 첫 번째 대상지역은 베트남 호치민으로 148개 절점과 162개의 파이프로 이루어진 소블럭 상수관망이며 두 번째 대상지역은 파주시 광탄면으로 512개 절점과 527개의 파이프로 이루어진 세 개의 소블럭 상수관망이다. 두지역의 상수관망은 지형적면이나 규모면에서 다른 모습을 하고 있기 때문에 부정류해석 시 발생가능한 피해유형이 틀린 것으로 나타났다. 호치민의 경우 배수지의 높이가 낮고 도시 내 표고차가 없어서 관망 내 평균수압이 $1kg/cm^2$을 약간 상회하는 수준으로 수압이 낮고 수압차 역시 작다. 따라서 상수관망에서 일어날 수 있는 소요수량의 변화나 소화전 사용과 같은 작은 변화에도 역류발생이 빈번히 일어나는 것으로 나타났으며 역류발생이 잦은 파이프를 선정할 수 있었다. 상당히 많은 파이프에서 단기간 역류가 발생하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 짧은 기간에 발생하는 변화에 대한 단기간 역류는 교차연결(Cross-Connection)의 문제를 야기할 수 있다. 따라서 역류발생이 빈번히 일어나는 파이프 주위에 check valve나 역지밸브등의 설치를 통해 역류로 인한 피해를 최소화할 수 있다. 파주시 광탄면 지역의 소블럭 집합으로써 고저차가 많은 지역이다. 배수지 밸브개폐 시 발생 가능한 수충격에 대한 시뮬레이션과 펌프장정지로 인해 발생할 수 있는 수충격에 발생 시뮬레이션을 수행하였고 관망내에서 자주 발생하는 밸브개폐로 인한 시뮬레이션을 수행하였다. 그 결과 광탄의 경우 수충격 발생위험 지점은 배수지 근처로 나타났고 수격압이 최대 $2.5kg/cm^2$에서 $3.0kg/cm^2$까지 발생 가능한 것으로 나타났고 밸브개폐시간이 1-2초 지연되어도 상당히 큰 수격압을 줄일 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 수충격압이 크게 발생할 수 있는 지역에 수충격피해 최소화를 위해 surge tank와 같은 장치를 설치해야 한다. 또한 발생가능한 수격압의 크기를 통계적기법을 통해 확률밀도함수로 나타낼 수 있었다. 이 결과는 앞으로 상수관망의 설계나 운영에서 수충격피해 방지 장치 및 설비를 시공할 때 장치의 규모나 용량을 결정할 때 유용한 정보가 될 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.413-418
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• 2021

In this study, as a basic study to use recycled limestone powder as a secondary product mixture for concrete, it was found that the compressive and flexural strengths were equal to or slightly improved compared to Plain up to 10% and 20% of the RLP mixing ratio, but the strength was rather decreased at 30% mixing. As a result of the heat of hydration experiment, as the RLP mixing rate increased, the heat of hydration decreased, and the elapsed time of the maximum heat was also delayed. As a result of the drying shrinkage test, as the fine powder RLP filled the internal pores of the cement mortar, the drying shrinkage decreased as the mixing rate increased. The compressive strength, water absorption rate, and compressive strength after freezing and thawing of the concrete block mixed with RLP 20% all satisfied the group standard criteria of the Korea Concrete Industry Cooperative Federation, confirming the possibility of use as a mixed material.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.17-22
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• 2022

With the spread of web services, data types are becoming more diversified. In addition to the form of storing data such as images, videos, and texts, the number and form of properties and metadata expressing the data are different for each data. In order to efficiently process such unstructured data, a key-value store is widely used for state-of-the-art applications. LSM-Tree (Log Structured Merge Tree) is the core data structure of various commercial key-value stores. LSM-Tree is optimized to provide high performance for small writes by recording all write and delete operations in a log manner. However, there is a problem in that the delay time and processing speed of user requests are lowered as batches of deletion operations for expired data are inserted into the LSM-Tree as special key-value data. This paper presents a Filtered LSM-Tree (FLSM-Tree) that solves the above problem by separating the deleted key from the main tree structure while maintaining all the advantages of the existing LSM-Tree. The proposed method is implemented in LevelDB, a commercial key-value store and it shows that the read performance is improved by up to 47% in performance evaluation.

• Korea Trade Review
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.113-138
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• 2018

The purpose of this research is to analyze how the Chinese cosmetics certification system works as a Non-Tariff Barriers(NTBs) for Korean exporting companies to access the Chinese market. China is the largest market for Korea's cosmetic exports, but China's policy of protecting domestic industry has become a barrier to Korea's cosmetics exports to China. Therefore, this research, through the analysis of regulations of the Chinese certification system for imported cosmetics. revealed that there are such problems as ① information leakage ② duplication of inspection ③time delay. In order to verify those problems, surveys and face-to-face interviews with Korean cosmetic exporting companies to China have been conducted. In conclusion, Chinese cosmetics certification system not only protects its own industry, but also serves as a NTBs to disturb the access of imported cosmetics to the Chinese market in order to foster Chinese cosmetic industry.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 한국화재소방학회 2013년도 춘계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.77-77
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• 2013

최근의 산업활동에서는 신규 원료 개발과 생산 효율성을 높이기 위하여 분체 공정이 증가하고 있는데, 미세 분진의 취급으로 분진운의 형성과 착화가 용이해지므로 분진폭발이나 화재 위험성이 증가하고 있다. 분진을 안전하게 사용하고 저장, 취급하기 위해서는 착화 전의 위험성 지표로서 최저발화온도(MIT ; Minimum Ignition Temperature)를 사전에 파악해 두는 것이 중요하다. 분진농도의 발화온도는 장치 내의 발화위험성이나 분진 취급 공정의 사고예방대책 관리를 위한 실용적 관점에서 중요하게 활용되는 폭발특성값이다. 또한 분진의 발화온도는 분진농도에 의존하며 농도변화에 따른 가장 낮은 온도를 MIT라고 한다. 본 연구에서는 화재폭발사고 빈도가 줄지 않고 있는 Mg 및 Mg-Al합금(60:40 wt%, 50:50 wt%, 40:60 wt%)을 대상으로 조성비율에 따른 최저발화온도를 실험적으로 조사하였다. Mg 및 Mg-Al(60:40 wt%), Mg-Al(50:50 wt%), Mg-Al(40:60 wt%) 시료의 평균입경은 142, 160, 151, $152{\mu}m$이다. MIT실험장치는 IEC 61241-2-1(Methods for Determining the Minimum Ignition Temperatures of Dust, 1994)에 준거하여 제작하여 사용하였다. 실험장치는 가열로, 분진운 시료홀더, 온도조절장치, 압축공기 제어장치 등으로 구성되어 있다. 구체적인 실험방법은 시험분진를 분진홀더에 장착하고 0.5 bar의 압축공기를 0.3 sec 동안 사용하여 일정 온도로 가열된 로의 내부로 분진운을 부유시킬 때에 분진운이 발화하여 가열로 하단부의 개방구에까지 화염이 전파하는지를 디지털비데오카메라로 기록, 평가하여 발화 유무를 판정하였다. Mg합금에 대한 MIT를 측정한 결과 $740^{\circ}C$가 얻어졌으며, Mg-Al(60:40 wt%)의 MIT는 $820^{\circ}C$로 조사되었다. 그러나 Mg-Al(50:50 wt%) 및 Mg-Al(40:60 wt%)에 대해서는 최대 가열로의 설정온도를 $890^{\circ}C$까지로 하여 농도를 변화시키면서 조사하였으나 발화가 일어나지 않았다. 문헌에 따르면 Mg입자 표면의 산화피막은 다공성으로 일정 온도에서 산화반응이 시간에 따라 직선적으로 증가하는데 반하여, Al의 산화피막은 보호 작용을 하여 일정 온도에서 산화반응속도가 표면과 내부의 농도 기울기에 의한 확산속도에 의존한다고 보고하고 있다. 본 연구결과를 토대로 Mg-Al합금의 발화특성을 고찰해 보면, Mg-Al합금에서 자기 전파성이 작은 Al성분의 증가는 착화지연이 증가하여 연소성이 감소하여 최저발화온도의 증가로 이어지는 것으로 추정되었다. 또한 발화온도는 주어진 조건의 온도장에서 분진이 존재하는 시간 길이에 따라 변화하므로, 발화온도를 실험적으로 측정하는 경우에는 측정장치나 방법에 따라 달라지므로 사업장의 현장에 발화온도를 적용하는 경우에는 장치 내의 분진의 존재시간을 고려할 필요가 있다.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.651-663
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• 2012

Networked digital signage downloads necessary multimedia contents from a large-sized storage on WAN to its local disk of a limited size before starting their playback. If the required time to download the entire contents gets longer, a start time to play the contents at the digital signage could be delayed. In this paper, we propose a hybrid storage architecture that not only inserts an iSCSI storage layer between the existing local disk and the WAN storage, but offers a contents caching scheme in order to obtain all the necessary contents in digital signage rapidly. The proposed caching scheme determines how to place the downloaded contents both in the local disk and the iSCSI storage. Uniquely, the proposed caching scheme manages the iSCSI storage space by dividing it into two regions: (1) in one region, the digital signage can play the contents directly without downloading them into the local disk; (2) in the other region, the digital signage cannot. Performance evaluations on a simulator and an actual system with workloads of various contents show that a contents-downloading time of the hybrid storage architecture is at maximum three times shorter than that of the existing storage architecture.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• 제36권12호
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• pp.821-827
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• 2014

The 4major river project has caused changes in flow and water quality patterns in major rivers in Korea including the Nakdong River where several toxicant release accidents have had occurred. Three dimensional hydrodynamic model, the Environmental Fluid Dynamics Code (EFDC), was applied to evaluate the effect of geomorphological change of the river on the advection and dispersion patterns of a conservative toxic pollutant. A hypothetical scenario was developed using historical data by assuming a toxic release from an upstream location. If there is a toxic release at the Gumi Industrial Complex, the toxic material would be detected after 2.22 and 9.83 days at Chilgok and Gangjung weir, respectively, in the new river system. It was estimated that they took at least 12 times longer than those with the river conditions before the project. Effect of relocation of intake towers for Daegu Metro City to upstream of Gumi City was also evaluated using the developed modeling system. It was observed that hydraulic residence time would be increased due to decreased flow rate and thus due to lowered water level. However, peak concentration differences were found to be about 2% lower in both places due to increased dispersion effect after the relocation.