• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.94-104
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• 2014

This contribution studied knowledges, informations and main project issues for systematic conservation management utilize of Joseon Royal Tombs guaranteeing their Outstanding Universal Value, Authenticity and Integrity, and the outcomes are as follows. The first, regarding the tomb's system, it should be planned to enhance authenticity and integrity of Joseon Royal Tombs through historical facts, measurement, diagnosis and intervention according to international and national charters, statements and general standards. The second, regarding prevention against disasters, the anti-fire system including construction of GIS materials and the Risk Map following investigation the present condition, premising improvement of relevant laws and regulations, should be planned. The third, we should consider, regarding utilize, educational application by the each tomb's story and royal ancestral rite, tourism by the local area of each tomb and industrial application by science and IT technologies.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.125-132
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• 2017

Approximately 64 percent of Korean territory is covered with mountains, and there is occurred a continuous mountain disaster such as landslide, debris flow and slope failure around mountain slopes due to heavy rainfall and typhoon in the summer season. Even in such a reality, the development of mountain areas is being carried out through the development and expansion of social infrastructures centered on mountain areas, but systematic management is insufficient. Constructions of a forest road facility for mountain slopes can be a cause of mountain disasters intensively in the summer season due to artificially changing the mountain area. In this unstable mountain environment, efforts to build a disaster-resistant environment are urgently needed. This research is to analyze the stability of mountain slopes according to soil depth (1~5 m) and mountain slope ($20{\sim}60^{\circ}$) considering the characteristics of rainfall infiltration under extreme rainfall conditions. As a result, the stability of the mountain slope was found to be different according to the depth of soils and the saturation area of the soil layer. As well as the stability of the mountain area was found to be lower than that of the natural mountain area. Specially, rainfall infiltration occurs at the upper slope of the forest road. For this reason, the runoff phenomenon of rainfall infiltration water occurs clearly when the depth of soil layer is low.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.141-146
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• 2021

This study was evaluated to compare annual productivity and feed value of Italian ryegrass and summer forage crops at paddy field in middle region of Korea. Italian ryegrass (Kowinearly) was used as winter forage crop, and forage rice (Youngwoo) and barnyard millet (Jeju) were used as summer forage crops. Each crop was cultivated using the standard forage cultivation method. The plant height, dry matter yield, crude protein content, and total digestible nutrient content of Italian ryegrass were 90.6 cm, 7,681 kg/ha, 9.2%, and 63.8%, respectively, and it was no significant difference by summer forage crops (p>0.05). The plant height of summer forage crops was the higher in barnyard millet than in forage rice (p<0.05). The dry matter, crude protein, and total digestible nutrient yields of summer forage crops were the higher in forage rice than in barnyard millet (p<0.05). Also, the feed value of summer forage crops was higher in forage rice than in barnyard millet. In conclusion, the combination of Italian ryegrass-forage rice was the most effective cropping system for annual forage production with high-yield and high-feed value, and it was considered the combination of Italian ryegrass-barnyard millet was good cropping system for annual forage production through reducing labor and cultivating stable at paddy field in middle region of Korea.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.34 no.2_2
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• pp.307-311
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• 2018

It is necessary to establish wide integrated surveillance system of marine territory to reduce damage caused by maritime security threats, marine pollution and accidents for safe and clean marine use and efficient development of marine resources. For marine surveillance, the information characteristics of space-time specific, accuracy and operability are required, and real-time information about the wide area should be provided at all times. This special issue has been published to identify the characteristics of each platform, evaluate its usability for the establishment of a wide integrated surveillance system, and present the direction for future convergence studies between platforms. Since 2015, KIOST and cooperative research team have been performing the project, "Base research for building wide integrated surveillance system of marine territory using multi-platform" that detect vessels and red tide etc. near real time by using satellite, UAV and HF Ocean Radar. The objective of this special issue is to introduce the significance for an integrated system for maritime surveillance and to create a forum for discussion on recent advances in remote sensing technology and applications for marine disasters, pollution, and accident surveillance.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.47-87
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• 2022

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, non-face-to-face treatment was temporarily permitted. A lot of consensus has been formed on the need to continuous non-face-to-face treatment. However, the current 「Medical Service Act」 only permits telemedicine between doctors and medical personnel. On the other hand, as a result of legal interpretation, there is an opinion that non-face-to-face treatment is allowed. But considering the overall legal system, non-face-to-face treatment is not allowed. Nevertheless, we have to consider the reality such as the development of science and technology and the outbreak of infectious diseases. Therefore, it is not advisable to allow face-to-face treatment only. Ultimately, it is necessary to find ways to ensure that non-foce-to-face treatment can be performed in a safe and effective manner. And it should be institutionalized. This is strategically necessary and important. Therefore, we must look over ahead legal issues to be discussed. First of all, the scope, the target disease and the subject of implement have to be clear. Also, structurally, the standards of facilities and equipment must be prepared for non-face-to-face treatment to be implemented. Functionally, communication and information exchange between doctors and patients should be well conducted. In addition, the information protection management system that occurs in the process of non-face-to-face treatment should be materialized. Lastly, the issue of responsibility and cost of non-face-to-face treatment should be decided in detail. When these problems materialize, it can be expected that a safe non-face-to-face treatment environment will be established.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.109-123
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• 2017

Due to the positive effect of forest space for child development, the creation and operation of forest activity space of various organizations is increasing in quantity; however, the research on practical space design and management program is insufficient. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the space and management programs of the forest experience centers through the post-occupancy evaluation of teachers and preschoolers participating in forest activities. To do this, we analyzed the selected twelve sites through field survey, class observation, and interviews with forest education specialists, and then surveyed 115 forest education experts and childcare teachers for importance, performance, overall satisfaction, and space preference. In addition, we accessed overall satisfaction and space preference of twenty-nine preschoolers through interviews, photo-simulation, and questionnaires. As a result, the importance and performance of management program area was rated higher than the spatial characteristics area. In terms of group comparison, the group with active structured program rated two areas higher than the groups with free play. Preschoolers with structured programs preferred facility space, but preschoolers with free play preferred nature. Two preschooler groups rated forest activity as satisfactory. Based on the analysis results: 1) The composition of the forest activity space should ensure accessibility, safety, diversity of diversity, water space, connect to the forest road, and secure various terrains, trees, and natural materials; 2) The management program should ensure that forest activity programs have the proportional balance of structural programs and free play; also. management programs should plan for sufficient free playtime and a high share of play in the forest; and 3) Ensure the role and expertise of forestry specialists and run a program to increase the autonomy of preschoolers.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.484-491
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• 2005

Quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) analyzes potential hazard of microorganisms on public health and offers structured approach to assess risks associated with microorganisms in foods. This paper addresses specific risk management questions associated with Staphylococcus aureus in kimbab and improvement and dissemination of QMRA methodology, QMRA model was developed by constructing four nodes from retail to table pathway. Predictive microbial growth model and survey data were combined with probabilistic modeling to simulate levels of S. aureus in kimbab at time of consumption, Due to lack of dose-response models, final level of S. aureus in kimbeb was used as proxy for potential hazard level, based on which possibility of contamination over this level and consumption level of S. aureus through kimbab were estimated as 30.7% and 3.67 log cfu/g, respectively. Regression sensitivity results showed time-temperature during storage at selling was the most significant factor. These results suggested temperature control under $10^{\circ}C$ was critical control point for kimbab production to prevent growth of S. aureus and showed QMRA was useful for evaluation of factors influencing potential risk and could be applied directly to risk management.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.28-34
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• 2018

Purpose With regard to the use of radioiodine in domestic medical institution, the case of exceeding the allowance of nuclear safety Act about radioactive concentration in drainage was found. Through understanding the cause of exceeding case and analyzing radioactive concentration in drainage, evaluating the relationship of the public waters in surroundings and usefulness. Materials and Methods From November 1, 2014 to April 30th, 2015, the research is aiming at domestic twenty hospitals for six months. By using a HPGe gamma-ray spectrometer(Canberra DSA-1000) and GENIE-2000 Analysis software for comparative analysis, measuring a radioactive concentration of radioiodine in drainage. Consequently, we confirm the excess of radioactive concentration of radioiodine in seven medical institutions. Results Conducting a survey of twenty hospitals and average radioactive concentration of radioiodine in drainage appears $42,100Bq/m^3$. The features of domestic hospitals where show a high radioactive concentration are a number of medical treatment patient when using radioactive iodine and the absence of private rest room. During I-131 whole body scan, the pretreatment procedure of urinating is considered emission of residual Iodine. In public waters, the cause of exceeding detect on radioactive concentration in drainage suppose a diagnostic radioactive iodine. Conclusion We confirm the importance of enhanced education, providing a safety control instructions and installing a private rest rooms for patients who injected a low capacity radioiodine. Also, constructing institutional and legal management system is considered about the Emission management standard in drainage.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.558-570
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• 2015

A study on the green ship design for Ultra Large Container Ship (ULCS, 18,000 TEU Class Container Ship) was performed based on the four step procedures of the initial design and hull form optimization to maximize economic and propulsive performance. The first, the design procedure for ULCS was surveyed with economic evaluation considering environmental rules and regulations. The second, the characteristics of single and twin skeg container ships were investigated in view of initial design and performances. The third, the hull form optimization for single and twin skeg ships with the same dimensions was conducted to improve the resistance and propulsive performances at design draught and speed by several variations and the results of the optimization were verified by numerical calculations of CFD and model test. The last, for the estimated operating profile of draught and speed, the hull forms of single and twin sked ships were optimized by CFD. From this study, the methodologies to optimize the hull form of ULCS were proposed with considerations during the green ship design and the improvement of the energy efficiency for the optimized hull forms was confirmed by the proposed formula of the total energy considering design conditions, operating profile and fuel oil consumption.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.3370-3377
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• 2015

FMECA(Failure Mode, Effects and Criticality Analysis) techniques to make quantitative evaluation of failure effects severity and criticality have been applied to systematic failure analysis for reliability improvement of train which should provide regular service and secure high level of safety as a mass transportation system. These FMECA techniques do not fully reflect the inherent train operation and maintenance circumstances because they are based on the FMECA standards devised for other industries such as automobile industry and FMECA standard dedicated to train industry has not been established yet. This paper analyzes FMECA standards for various industries, and suggests a FMECA technique dedicated to train industry which makes failure effect analysis and criticality analysis step by step and makes criticality analysis placing emphasis on the severity of the failure effect. The proposed technique is applied to FMECA of high-speed current breaker which is a core safety device of train using field failure data for 15 years of train maintenance. The FMECA results show that breakage of arc chute has the highest risk with 3rd severity class and 5th criticality class among all the components of high-speed circuit breaker. Damage and poor contact of electronic valve, and cylinder breakage with 3rd severity class and 4th criticality class are followed by. These results can be applied to improvement of design and maintenance process for high-speed circuit breaker of train.