• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.485-495
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• 2010

This study analyzed the effect of singing music activities using media on audiation. The study selected 39 children from two 5-year-old child care center classes, they were divided into experiment group and control group. The collected data was analyzed by an analysis of covariance(ANCOVA), and conducted t-test on the data collected through pre and after examination using SPSS Win 12.0. The results reveal that the singing music activities using media was verified to have positive effect on audiation of children. In conclusion, using media with musical concept for children music education is need for building children's musical ability.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.678-682
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• 2021

Reverberation Time (RT) with noise levels can affect speech recognition ability in a listening environment. The degree of influence may depend on reverberation times and modes of binaural hearing. In this study, Korean monosyllabic Word Recognition Scores (WRS) were investigated in 10 young normal hearing subjects under binaural conditions. The RT of 3.4 s and signal to noise ratio of 0 dB were used at 55 dB HL for diotic (noise with the same phase) and dichotic (noise with the fixed phase difference, π) conditions. The improvement in WRS was noted in dichotic hearing (p < 0.05) while the similar trend was not observed in diotic hearing. This data may be useful in analyzing psychoacoustic effects of RTs under noisy conditions.

• Digital Contents
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• no.4 s.83
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• pp.84-89
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• 2000

우리는 앞장에서 Competitive Intelligence는 치열한 국제 경쟁에서 산업이나 기업의 경쟁력 확보를 위하여 자유롭게 이용할 수 있는 정보를 최대한 효율적으로 다루어 의사결정에 활용하는 방법으로 요약하였다. 이번호에서는 Competitive Intelligence 활동이 기업의 사업분야에 따라 다르게 진행되는 사례를 살펴본다. 이어서 Competitive Intelligence 활동에서 필수적으로 동반해야 할 요소들과 Competitive Intelligence 전문가가 갖추어야 할 자질에 대해 설명한다.

• Journal of Korean Association for Spatial Structures
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.65-73
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• 2008

The present work deals with subjective assessments to propose the objective parameter related to the subjective attribute of reverberation in the coupled room varied the aperture opening size. A 1/10 scale model was built and used for the measurements and subjective assessments. For the subjective tests, binaural impulse responses(BIRs) were measured using a dummy head and the measured BIRs were convolved with anechoic recorded music for the presentation over the headphones. The results showed that the perceived reverberation was the largest in the aperture opening size 12.5%(1.97% of mail) room surface area)and decreased with increasing the aperture opening size over 25% (3.94% of main room surface area) in the main room coupled with the secondary reverberant room. In the main room coupled with the secondary absorptive room, there was no changes in the perceived reverberation up to the aperture opening size 6.25%(0.99% of main room surface area) and it gradually decreased with increasing the aperture opening site over 12.5%. The objective parameter, T30/T15, showed a very low correlation with the perceived reverberation in the coupled room varied the aperture opening size but showed a high correlation with a new objective parameter, T30/Tbp, proposed by the authors. Because the late part decay energy more rapidly increases with increasing the aperture opening site than the early and middle part decay energy, the LDT/EDT or T3/T1 is a better quantifier to measure double slopes in the coupled room than the T30/T15.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.27
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• pp.497-523
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• 2012

Characteristics of the Listening and Pronunciation of Korean Obstruents of Chinese Learners -Based on the Phonetic Experiments Using Kalvin and Praat- This study aims at investigating the characteristics of confrontation in three ways, lax/ fortis/ aspirated consonants, in Korean obstruents through experimental phonetic analysis for the Chinese Korean language learners. On one hand, as a result of comparing Korean and Chinese obstruent systems, there is no big difference regarding the articulatory location. On the other hand, in regards to the articulatory method there is a difference. In a Korean obstruent system, the confrontation presented in three ways by the strength of aspiration. On the contrary, the Chinese obstruent system showed confrontation in two ways by the existence of aspiration. To examine the difficulty of the learners caused by the above-mentioned reason objectively, this paper studied the relationship between input and output of sound through the experimental phonetic analysis such as Kalvin and Praat. To research the input of sound, the listening ability of the learners was examined by 'Choosing Consonant' among the Menu of Kalvin. As a result of that experiment, many errors were shown. They recognized the fortis as lax in the area of affricates and plosives. In the area of fricatives, they recognized affricatives as fricatives. To investigate the output of sound, the section of aspiration and the section of friction of a plosive, an affricate and a fricative in Praat, were expressed numerically. The learners' VOT of lax and affricate represented that lax was pronounced close to the fortis, and the VOT of fricatives was not shown the section of aspiration and friction clearly, and also the result showed that they pronounced a fricative like affricative-aspirated one. The result shows that the learners' pronunciation is related to the listening ability. The consequence is caused by the characteristics of the difference between Korean obstruents and Chinese ones. If the training pronunciation is conducted based on above result, it would be a better methodology in teaching Korean.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.779-787
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• 2018

This study delves into how the equalizer can compensate for a sound pressure of lost frequencies. The targeted audiences are senior citizens who have difficulties hearing high-frequency because of a decline of audio frequency. Through investigations, this study confirms that the reason why reduction of high-frequency hearing increases depending on senescence. By considering the features of audio frequency of senior citizens, it also clarifies the necessity of equalizer reflecting features of audio frequency for the senior citizens, which have dramatically increased in Korea. There are application programs having functions, which provide several options of equalizer setup that people can adjust it depending on their own audio frequency. Some of them provide different equalizer setup depending on age. This study, however, reveals that they are not fully enough to compensate for the range of hearing loss of the senior citizens. Therefore, by pointing out limitations of existing functions and suggesting improvements, this study explores the way of improvements that enhance the sound transmissions of digital media contents for senior citizens.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2012.06a
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• pp.200-202
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• 2012

본 연구는 연안VTS의 역량강화를 위한 방안으로 항만VTS센터에 해양경찰청 소속 직원 파견하여 합동근무를 확대시행하고 정보제공업무 위주의 현행VTS의 미비점을 보완하고, 관제통신 미청취, 항법 미준수 선박 등에 대한 계도 단속 등 현장집행능력의 강화에 따른 현황과 성과를 고찰하고자 한다. 연구방법으로는 VTS센터의 운영성과를 분석하는 방법과 파견업무 사례를 통한 실증적 연구방법을 적용하였다. 연구결과 현장집행력의 부재로 인한 긴급한 상황에 대처 능력이 미약한 집행력에 한계를 가지고 있었다. 더불어 2차사고 위험성이 있는 것으로 나타났으며 이에 대한 대응방안으로 관제센터에 부속된 전담선박(관제정)의 배치필요하다.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.674-684
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• 2023

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of acute listening to music on the cardiovascular reactivity to sympathoexcitation. In this crossover design study, 15 healthy adults(23.1±1.94(yrs) were randomized to either (1)acute listen to the subject's preferred music for 30 minutes and (2)sat as a time control by an experiment coordinator. After completing each trial, the cold pressor test(CPT) was conducted. Heart rate(HR) and blood pressure(BP) were measured for 4 times at baseline, during and after the CPT. Heart rate variability(HRV) were measured for 3 times at baseline, prior and after the CPT. HR and BP increased during the CPT in both trial and returned to baseline after CPT(time effect, p < .001). After CPT, brachial systolic BP reactivity to the CPT was attenuated in listening to music trial compared to control trial(p = . 008). As a result of heart rate variability(HRV), the difference values between the baseline and prior to the CPT showed a significant increase in standard deviation of the NN intervals(SDNN), total power(TP) and high frequency(HF) only in the music trial (p = .001, p = .002, p = .011). The difference value between prior to and after the CPT did not show significance. But compared with the control trial, the music trial was confirmed that SDNN, TP and HF were more activated. Therefore, listening to music alleviated anxiety and tension before the CPT, and it is estimated that it had a favorable effect on stability after the CPT. This findings showed that listening to music may have a positive effect on brachial systolic BP and HRV to sympathoexcitation.

• English Language & Literature Teaching
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• no.1
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• pp.109-127
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• 1995

Due to frequent international exchanges, there has been much emphasis on communication proficiency in foreign language education. However, when we look back upon teaching English in Korea over past years, we find that English teaching has been dominated mainly by Grammar-Translation Method, which makes teachers and students pay little attention to listening skill that is regarded as the basis of communication proficiency. Recently many English teachers have shown their interest in listening skill, so they come to use the textbook record tapes to improve listening skill. But listening training by textbook record tapes seems to make students feel bored. So the purpose of this study is to suggest an effective way of improving listening skill by means of Pop Songs that the students are indulged in. The processes of this study consist of three stages : 1) listening to songs, 2) explanation about structures and vocabularies in songs, 3) filling in blanks while listening. The subjects in this study are freshmen 88 students in girls' High School They are grouped into two : one is experimental group and the other control group. Among the subjects, the former have been taught by the lesson plan using pop songs, while the latter by the lesson plan using textbook record tapes. The experiment lasts about 9 months (from March to November, l994) The data for analyzing the study results have been collected from two kinds of tests : one is listening test and the other comprehensive test. The hypothesises of this study areas follows : 1) Depending on hearing materials (experimental material vs traditional material), there will be a difference in scores of listening skills between EG (experimental group) and CG (control group), 2) Depending on the interest on pop songs, there will be a difference in scores of hearing skills in CG, 3) Depending on hearing material. there will be a difference in scores of overall English skills between EG and CG, 4) Improvement in listening skill will give influence on the overall English scores. The findings of this study indicate that pop songs are effective to improve students' listening skill, that students' interest in the hearing material is important, and that listening skill is closely related to other skills, especially reading skill. It can be concluded that English teachers should make efforts to find the suitable listening materials which will help students to improve their listening proficiency effectively.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TE
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.62-70
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• 2000

In this study, speech recognition for Korean digit is performed using filter bank which is programmed discrete HMM and DTW. Spectral analysis reveals speech signal features which are mainly due to the shape of the vocal tract. And spectral feature of speech are generally obtained as the exit of filter banks, which properly integrated a spectrum at defined frequency ranges. A set of 8 band pass filters is generally used since it simulates human ear processing. And defined frequency ranges are 320-330, 450-460, 640-650, 840-850, 900-1000, 1100-1200, 2000-2100, 3900-4000Hz and then sampled at 8kHz of sampling rate. Frame width is 20ms and period is 10ms. Accordingly, we found that the recognition rate of DTW is better than HMM for Korean digit speech in the experimental result. Recognition accuracy of Korean digit speech using filter bank is 93.3% for the 24th BPF, 89.1% for the 16th BPF and 88.9% for the 8th BPF of hardware realization of voice dialing system.