• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2006

Methotrexate(MTX)는 소아 골육종 환자에서 $12g/m^2$의 고용량을 사용하고 있다. 현재, 소아 골육종 환자에서 신기 능에 따른 고용량 MTX의 임상 약동학은 연구되어 있지 않다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 신기능에 따른 MTX 약동학을 이용하여 구내염을 최소화하는 방법을 제시하고자 하였다. 방법: 환자들의 의무기록지를 후향적 방법으로 검토하였다. 한 병원에서 골육종으로 진단받고, 치료 받은 환자들을 대상으로 정상 신기능군과 비정상 신기능군으로 나누었다. 두 군에 MTX 투여 후 혈중 농도를 각각 비교하였고, 최고 혈중농도도 비교하였다. 혈중 농도와 구내염의 관련성, CL, AUC와 구내염의 상관관계를 분석하였다. 각 군의 terminal half-life, CL, Vss의 평균과 mea residence time(MRT)의 평균을 구하였고, 두 군간 각각을 비교하였다 $({\alpha}=0.05)$. 결과: 환자는 6명이었고, 평가 가능한 총 MTX 투여 회수는 34회였다. MTX 투여 후 최고혈중 농도, 24,48 시간의 혈중농도는 통계적으로 유의성 있는 차이가 있었고, 72,96 시간에서의 농도는 두 군간 유의성이 없었다. 각 군에서 혈중농도와 구내염의 상관관계, 그리고 CL, AUC와 구내염의 상관관계는 발견되지 않았다. Vss를 제외한 모든 파라미터들(terminal half-life, CL, MRT)은 통계적으로 유의성 있는 차이가 있었다. 결론: 비정상 신기능 군에서 MTX 투여 시작 후 24, 48 시간에서의 혈중농도가 더 높고, 변동이 심했다. 또한 MTX의 CL는 감소했고, 혈중농도는 증가하였다. 이러한 사실로 MTX 투여 전 후 혈중 크레아티닌이나 또는 크레아티닌 청소율 모니터링이 필요하다는 것을 알 수 있으며, MTX 투여가 끝난 직후 그리고 그 이후 24 시간 간격으로 혈중 농도를 측정해야함을 알 수 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.24-34
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to estimate the ecological effect of DMZ for development and conservation of this area. Because of the political reason, field research and estimation of the ecological effect using field data is very difficult. Then we carried out the estimation of the ecological effect using Landsat ETM+ and ancillary data of digital maps. Because of military disturbance and agricultural activity of common people, NDVI of DMZ was very low value except the interior area of DMZ. According to the distance of DMZ, the variance of NDVI didn't show the logistic curve. This result has the reason as follows. The developing force at level plane of west and middle area reached to DMZ and we could concluded in that case of east area had been effect of regular cutting for view.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2020

The main purpose of the research is to prevent residents who are using underground parking lot from being exposed to pollusion, and to allow them to enjoy clean indoor environment. The study subject for the research are underground parking lots in 20 different apartments, 4 of them were constructed before 2000, 10 were constructed from 2000-2010, and the rest were constructed after 2010. By analyzing the air quality in these underground parking lots, we found out that O3, NO2, CO, PM10, Radon in all parking lots were not excessive compared to the standard limit. TVOC rate was measured with the value in between 312 ~ 2,137㎍/m3, with CO2 value in between 193~1,824 ppm, and HCHO with the value in between 0.01~1.52ppm. The lightning system in underground parking lots in apartments constructed before 2000 were using manual light control system, while automatic light control system was used in all apartments constructed after 2000, and the brightness of parking lots in apartments constructed before 2000 was quite low. The apartments constructed after 2000 are performing cleaning and ventilation due to management agreement, while the apartments constructed before 2000 are not performing regular cleaning and there was no mechanical ventilation system installed. The difference of indoor air quality was significant seasonally, daily, and yearly (year of construction), while illuminance was significantly different yearly.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.783-790
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• 2020

In this paper, the human detecting radar system for indoor security applications is proposed, and its FPGA-based implementation results are presented. In order to minimize the complexity and memory requirements of the computation, the top half of the spectrogram was used to extract features, excluding the feature extraction techniques that require complex computation, feature extraction techniques were proposed considering classification performance and complexity. In addition, memory requirements were minimized by designing a pipeline structure without storing the entire spectrogram. Experiments on human, dog and robot cleaners were conducted for classification, and 96.2% accuracy performance was confirmed. The proposed system was implemented using Verilog-HDL, and we confirmed that a low-area design using 1140 logics and 6.5 Kb of memory was possible.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.38-45
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• 2008

There are still lots of areas where combined sewer pipes are covering in Seoul. All buildings within those areas are equipping septic tanks which take part in separating solids from flushing water of chamber pots. Septic tanks legally demand emptying and cleaning the those inner bodies once a year, resulting the generation of sludge which should be purified using the specified treatment plants as one of environmental infrastructures. Previous research showed that sludge volume continuously increase putting night soil treatment facilities in shortage by 3,549kL a day in 2020, which should be prepared by newly built facilities. This study aimed to define which process is more suitable especially in the points of cost and energy consumption. It was the main results that combining treatment of sewer with night soil, in fact same as nowaday process, is the very positive way beyond the treatment of night soil's own in respects of both costs and energy consumption.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.83-88
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• 2009

In this paper the author proposes a case study of a freshmen introduction to engineering design course ing LEGO Mindstorm NXT and analyzes the survey results of the course. The diffilculties are that this course should provide various aspects of design experiences to the students while not requiring the major knowledge and skills and it should attract the students to the engineering major. According to our case study LEGO mindstorm can be a good solution to this problem. The design experience with LEGO Mindstorm NXT provides students with various aspects of design experiences including defining problem, finding constraints and functions, exploring design space, and performing preliminary design, as well as fun. This paper also provides a project list that can be used for freshmen design experience including soccer game robots, line tracer, and vacuum cleaner etc.

• The KSFM Journal of Fluid Machinery
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.5-14
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• 2017

A fan-motor assembly in a vacuum cleaner is analyzed through system-level analysis method. This system consisted of three components, a fan, motor, and the flow resistance of the motor, or of the vacuum cleaner. System-level analysis method is characterized by the combination of torque matching at a constant throttling condition between the fan and the motor and the pressure drop at a constant flow rate due to the flow resistance of the motor, or of the vacuum cleaner. The performance characteristics of the fan-motor assembly and the vacuum cleaner system could be predicted over the whole range of operation, based on the characteristics of each component. The predicted performance of the vacuum cleaner system through system-level analysis agreed well with the experimental results within 4.5% difference of pressure and 6% difference of the efficiency. The effect of flow resistance of a motor is investigated and it is found that the efficiency decrease of fan-motor assembly at the constant flow rate due to the flow resistance of a motor is determined by the flow resistance ratio(FRR), which is defined as a ratio of flow resistance of motor and the flow resistance of a constant throttling condition of a given point. The fan-motor assembly(S2 model) was modified to reduce the FRR from 9.0% to 2.4% and the experimental result shows that the efficiency of S2 model was improved by about 3% at best efficiency point.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.489-496
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• 2006

The random-based cleaning algorithm is a simple algorithm widely used in commercial vacuum cleaning robots. This algorithm has two limitations, that is, cleaning takes a long time and there is no guarantee that the cleaning will cover the whole cleaning area. This has lead to customer dissatisfaction. Thus, in recent years, many intelligent cleaning algorithms that takes into consideration information gathered from the cleaning area environment have been proposed. The plowing-based algorithm, which is the most efficient algorithm known to date when there are no obstacles in the cleaning area, has a deficiency that when obstacle prevail, its performance is not guaranteed. In this paper, we propose the Group-k algorithm that is efficient for that situation, that is, when obstacle prevail. The goal is not to complete the cleaning as soon as possible, but to clean the majority of the cleaning area as fast as possible. The motivation behind this is that areas close to obstacles are usually difficult for robots to handle, and hence, many require human assistance anyway In our approach, obstacles are grouped by the complexity of the obstacles, which we refer to as 'complex rank', and then decide the cleaning route based on this complex rank. Results from our simulation-based experiments show that although the cleaning completion time takes longer than the plowing-based algorithm, the Group-k algorithm cleans the majority of the cleaning area faster than the plowing algorithm.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.23-27
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• 2014

In recent times, there is an increasing interest in wireless charge of smartphones and devices, and many companies are developing wireless charges. The range of application of wireless charge would be expanded to almost all electronics, including not only mobile devices, but also notebook computers and vacuum cleaners. On-line electric vehicles are to be launched in the market this year in a massive scale. As such wireless charge-related markets are inexhaustible. Wireless charge is included in the world's top 10 promising technologies, and its rapid growth is expected to have annual growth by more than 100%. However, there's a need to establish a safe environment, by analyzing security threats to technical limitations and harmfulness to human body, and arrange institutional compliments. The development of communication method for a variety of wireless charging are delivering comfortable and safe information. This paper aims to examine the factors to threaten electric vehicle, which are usually intruded through network system and analyzes security threats to and security requirements for magnetic resonance mode-based wireless charge in mobile devices, and suggests security requirements.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.21-27
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• 2016

In removable dental prostheses, it is important to minimize impairment of residual tissue caused by wearing dentures. There are two factors that harm residual tissue. The first is functional load bearing of remaining teeth and alveolar ridges and the second is the effect of poor oral hygiene. Double crown retained removable dental prostheses provide rigid support, and it may reduce impairment caused by load bearing of alveolar ridges. Also, dental plaque and oral deposits, which are attached to outer crowns and dentures, can be easily managed extra-orally. In addition, it is beneficial to the health of the marginal gingiva because inner crowns have easy access for oral hygiene. In this case, double crown retained removable dental prostheses were used for the partially edentulous patient with severe residual alveolar bone resorption and poor oral hygiene, and the result was clinically satisfactory in terms of functional, esthetical, and oral hygiene aspects.