• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.70-82
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• 2022

At the current stage of a semi-autonomous vehicle, there are situations in which the vehicle has to request take-over control to the driver quickly. However, current self-driving cars use only simple messages and warning sounds to notify drivers when handing over control, so they do not adequately convey considerations of individual characteristics or explanations of various emergent situations. This study investigated how visual and auditory information and the efficacy of drivers in self-driving cars can improve efficient take-over requests between the car and the driver. We found that there were significant differences in driver's cognitive load, reliability, safety, usability, and usefulness according to the combination of three visual and auditory information provided in the experiment of the take-over request situation. The results of this study are expected to help design self-driving vehicles that can communicate more safely and efficiently with drivers in urgent control transition situations.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.98-106
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• 1998

본 논문은 두 부류의 오디오 원에 대해 각각 다른 구조를 가지는 필터뱅크를 설계 하고 스위칭 기준을 제안한다. 균일한 필터뱅크로는 MDCT 필터뱅크를 사용하고 필터 뱅크 로는 웨이브렛 패킷 필터뱅크를 사용하였으며 오디오 신호의 시변 특성에 기초하여 두 필터 뱅크를 스위칭한다. MDCT 필터뱅크는 정상신호 표현에 적절하지만 급격한 변화를 포함하 는 오디오 신호를 표현하는데는 적절하지 못한다. 따라서, 본 연구에서 사용한 웨이브렛 패 킷 필터뱅크는 인간의 청각 특성을 고려한 임계대역(critical band)과 유사하게 설계하였으며 스위칭 기준엣는 에너지-엔트로피(energy-entropy), 영교차(zero-crossing)법 그리고 차분 (difference)기준을 사용하였다. 입력되는 오디오 신호의 통계적 특성에 기안하여 두 필터뱅 크를 스위칭하는 방식의 오디오 부호화기에 대해서 새로운 스위칭 기준을 제안하였다. 여러 가지 오디오 신호에 대한 주관적 평가(MOS)를 수행한 결과, 기존의 부호화기보다 좋은 성 능을 보였다.

• Archives of design research
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• v.19 no.2 s.64
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• pp.91-98
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• 2006

The product convergence and complex application environment raise the need of multi-modal interface which enables us to interact products through various human senses. The sense of vision has been used predominantly more than any other senses for the traditional and general information gathering situation, but in the future which will be developed based on the digital network technology, the practical use of the various senses will be desired for more convenient and rational usage of the information appliances. The sense of auditory which possibility of practical use is becoming higher than ever with the sense of vision, the possible usage will be developed broader and in the various ways in the future. Based on this situation, the characteristics of the written language and the colloquial language and the comparative analysis of the difference between male and female's reaction for each language were examined through this study. To achieve this purpose, the literature research about the diverse components of the language system was peformed. Then, some peculiar characters of the sense of vision and auditory were reviewed and the appropriate experimentation was planned and carried out. The result of the accomplished experimentation was examined by the objective analysis method. The main results of this study are as follows: first, the reaction time for written language is shorter than colloquial language, second, there is a partial difference between the male's and female's reaction for those two stimuli, third, there is no selection bias between the sense of sight and the sense of hearing. I think the continuous development of the broad and diverse ways of study for various senses is needed based on this study.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.197-208
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• 2003

Objective：In this study, we hypothesized that deficit in processing rapid linguistic stimuli is at the heart of Reading Disability(RD) and deficit in response inhibition is at the heart of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity(ADHD). We conducted experiments to identify the core cognitive characteristics of children either with RD or with ADHD or with both, using attentional tasks and phoneme differential tests. Method：In the study 1, 28 children with ADHD, 16 children with RD+ADHD were individually administered visual/auditory performance tests. Then, the differences of performance on attentional tasks between two groups were compared while IQs of two groups were controlled. In the study 2, 13 children with RD+ADHD/RD, 13 children with ADHD, and 13 normal children were administered computerized phoneme differential tests. Result：Visual attentional tasks did not distinguish an ADHD group from a RD+ADHD group. With auditory attentional tasks, however, the comorbid group showed significantly more difficulties, causing a large variance in reaction time. RD, RD+ADHD, and ADHD groups showed more errors in phoneme differential tests than a normal control group, and each group showed distinctive performance patterns. Discussion：An ADHD group had difficulty in response inhibition and sustained attention, and children who also had RD along with ADHD magnified the auditory attentional difficulties. Even though children with RD had more trouble with responding correctly to target stimuli, their responses were not significantly different from those of children with ADHD.

• Korea Science and Art Forum
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• v.24
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• pp.277-287
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• 2016

This study purpose is comparative analysis of environmental design checklist based on physical characteristics of the elders between Korea and Japan exhibition facilities. We were selected to represent the exhibition facilities in Korea and Japan and conducted field survey and understand the application status. The scope of the exhibition facilities space is entry, exhibition, public-service, educational activity and movement. And the elders physical characteristics are divided into 'sense(eye-sight, hearing, and feeling by touch)' / 'exercise (skeleton, movement, physical strength and muscular strength)'. Based on the checklist, we gave the score depending installation, part installation and uninstallation and then analyzed the average. The Results were as follows. First, Korea and Japan exhibition facilities are appear to similar and both above the average level. It is show that environment design reflects the physical characteristics of the elders. Second, exhibition space and educational activity space has lower score than other space, indicated most items are consist of the recommended. Most items appears as part of the preparation for this installed or uninstalled. Third, It showed that the installation is incomplete entries corresponding to the physical characteristics of the sensory area of the elderly (hearing). Therefore, there need to install additional information facilities such as voice, emergency call bell. Forth, the exhibition facilities appears differently depending on time of erecting and remodeling.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.10 no.2 s.36
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• pp.191-201
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• 1995

ISO/MPEG 오디오 그룹은 2채널 스테레오 오디오에 대한 압축 부호화 알고리즘을 ISO/MPEG-1 오디오 표준으로 정하고, 국제 표준 (ISO 11172-3)으로 제정하였다. ISO/MPEG-1 오디오의 주요 목적중 하나는 한정된 용량의 저장매체나 제한된 전송채널의 조건하에서 고품질의 오디오를 저장하거나 전송할 수 있는 저비트율의 오디오 압축 부호화 알고리즘의 표준을 개발하는 것이다. 이를 위해 ISO/MPEG 오디오에서는 심리음향 특성을 모델링한 지각 부호화 방식을 사용하여 원신호와 재생신호 사이에 정보의 객관 측정량의 차이는 있으나 주관 측정량의 차이가 없도록 한다. 이 글에서는 ISO/MPEG-1 오디오 부호화의 계층 I과 계층 II를 중심으로 하여 표준의 개요, 청각 특성을 이용한 심리 음향 모델, 부호화 알고리즘, 데이타 구조, 그리고 응용분야 등에 대해 기술하였다.

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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• autumn
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• pp.231-236
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• 1999

금번 연구는 공간 음상 정위에 직면하는 주된 문제점인 음색왜곡과 음질저하의 영향 인자들과 개선방안을 고찰한다. 측정 머리전달함수로부터 청각기관의 공간 음상에 대만 인지양적 특성치 (양귀 음압레벨 차이 ILD와 음압 도달시간 차비 ITD)를 추정하는 새로운 방법의 제안, 총간 음상정위 특성치의 새로운 DB구축, 그러고 이를 이용한 공간 음상 정위 구현방법의 새로운 방안을 소개한다. 그리고, 제안된 공간 음상 구현 기법은 음색 왜곡 및 음질저하를 최소화할 뿐 아니라 구현 방법의 간결성 때문에 제품화로 직접 적용할 수 있는 장점을 제공할 수 있음을 본 논문에서 보인다.

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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• autumn
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• pp.275-278
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• 2004

본 논문에서는 저 비트오율 압축 시 발생되는 신호 왜곡을 인간의 지각적 특성을 이용하여 음질을 개선하는 알고리즘을 제안한다. 저 비트오율 압축 과정에서 손실된 고주파 영역의 신호를 부가 정보를 사용하지 않고 손실되지 않은 영역의 정보를 사용하여 고주파 영역의 신호를 첨가함으로써 음질을 개선하였다. 비 손실 영역의 순음 및 비 순음 성분을 검출하여 손실영역에 해당 하모닉 성분을 청각 자극 에너지로 스케일 하여 새로운 신호를 첨가한다. 원 신호와 저 비트오율 압축으로 인해 왜곡된 신호, 그리고 본 논문의 알고리즘을 이용하여 개선된 신호를 신호 대 잡음 비를 측정하고 청감 테스트를 통해 음질 개선 효과를 확인하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 1995.04a
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• pp.22-25
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• 1995

This study is aimed for analyzing the effect on replacing change of fly ash and silica fume of high performance concrete. From the results, the flowability is good when the replacing rate of fly ash increases. The placeability is best in the ratio of 15 to 5 ; F.A:S.F and the segregation-resistibility is appeared good when the replacing ratio of silica fume increases.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 1995.04a
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• pp.26-29
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• 1995

Continued form part 1, this study is aimed for analyzing the property of hardened concrete According to the replacing change of fly ash and silica fume which has influence on the properties of high performance xoncrete. From the test results, the compressive and the drying shrinkage Strength are high when the replacing ratio of silica fume increases and the tensile strength appears high when the replacing of fly ash increases.