• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.389-393
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• 1986

The reaction of 2,5-hexanedione with a variety of primary amines using tetracarbonylhydridoferrate(O) as a selective reducing agent at room temperature or 60${\circ}C$ under an atmosphere of carbon monoxide gave the corresponding N-substituted 2,5-dimethylpyrrolidine derivatives. The reaction of synthesized 5-nitro-2-hexanone with benzaldehyde in the presence of tetracarbonylhydridoferrate(O) at 150${\circ}C$ under an atmosphere of carbon monoxide in an autoclave also gave N-benzyl-2,5-dimethylpyrrolidine in moderate yield. The mechanism of these reactions was investigated.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.21-26
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• 2010

In order to understand the microwave carbothermic reduction of steelmaking slag to recover Fe, the effects of gas atmosphere and carbon addition on the carbothermic reduction behavior of CaO-$SiO_2$-FeO slag were investigated. It was found that the maximum temperature and the reduction rate were higher in air than in nitrogen atmosphere. In addition, under air atmosphere, the maximum temperature and the reduction rate were increased by increasing the amount of additive carbon. When the carbon equivalent is 5, the maximum temperature reached as high as 1800K and the reduction rate was approximately 90%. As the Carbon equivalent increased further, the maximum temperature and the reduction rate did not change.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 1996.05d
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• pp.207-212
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• 1996

실증규모의 수지충전식 전기투석 재생조를 사용하여 농축음극액내 바나듐의 전기화학적 환원 방법에 의한 재생거동을 조사하였다. 전기투석 분리재생 종료후 남아있는 개미산용액을 전해액으로 사용한 농축음극액내 전기투석된 철 및 코발트는 음극액의 pH를 약 4.3내외로 조절하면 전해환원에 의해 전착.제거된다. 또한 농축음극액내 바나듐은 +2가로 전해환원 되어 착화물을 이루고 있는 Vanadous picolinate 형태로 존재하기 때문에 음극액은 농축된 LOMI 제염제로 재생된다. 이 전해환원에 의한 농축음극액의 재생방법은 제염폐액의 전기투석 분리재생 후 피콜리네이트 착화제만을 재사용하는 기존의 재생개념보다 더욱 효과적으로 제염폐액을 재생시켜 재활용할 순 있는 방사성폐기물의 감용효율이 큰 향상된 제염폐액 재생공정이다.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.102-107
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• 1977

Photochemical reduction of 1,2-bispyrazylethylene,a stilbene like heterocompound, was studied in hydrogen donating solvents and reduction product, 1, 2-bispyrazylethane, was identified. Salt and solvent effects on the quantum yields of the reduction, sensitization and quenching studies showed that the reactive state for the photochemical reduction of the compound is $(n,{\pi}^*)^1$ state rather than $({\pi},{\pi}^*)^1$ state.

• Journal of Korea Soil Environment Society
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.87-97
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• 2000

The effects of environmental conditions, initial dissolved oxygen concentrations, pH, and the presence of electron carrier vitamin $B_{12}$, on the reduction rate of Tn by $Fe^0$ was quantitatively analyzed using a batch reactor In all experiments, TNT reduction was best described with a first order reaction and the reduction rate decreased with the increase in the initial DO concentration. However, the specific reaction rate did not decrease linearly with the increase in the initial DO concentration. In the presence of HEPES buffer 0.2 and 2.0 mM(pH 5.7$\pm$0.2), the specific reaction rate increased more than 5.8 times, which showed reduction rate is rather significantly influenced by the pH of the solution. To test the possibility of reaction rate enhancement, well-known electron carrier(or mediator) , vitamin $B_{12}$, has augmented besides $Fe^0$. In the presence of 8.0 $mu\textrm{g}$/L of vitamin $B_{12}$, the specific reaction rate increased as much as 14.6 times. The results indicate that the addition of trace amount of vitamin $B_{12}$ can be a promising rate controlling option for the removal of organics using a $Fe^0$ filled permeable reactive barrier.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.244-253
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• 2020

The aim of this study was to investigate the biological activity of extracts obtained from the mycelium, sclerotium, and fruiting body of Wolfiporia cocos using different extraction solvents (hot water, 70% ethanol, and 70% methanol). Among the three developmental stages, the mycelium extracts showed the highest DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), nitrite scavenging activity, and total polyphenolic content. Among the extraction solvents in the context of the W. cocos mycelium, the DPPH radical scavenging activity, FRAP, and total polyphenol content in the hot-water extracts were significantly higher than those in the other extracts. In the case of the sclerotium, the reducing power, nitrite scavenging activity, and total polyphenol content were significantly higher in 70% ethanolic extracts. The fruiting body showed the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity, reducing power, nitrite scavenging activity, and total polyphenol content in the context of hot-water extraction. Moreover, the β-glucan content was significantly higher in the sclerotium versus the mycelium or fruiting body. The total amino acid and total essential amino acid contents were remarkably higher in the mycelium and fruiting body than in the sclerotium; of note, and arginine (Arg) and phenylalanine (Phe) were highly detected among the amino acid components.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.86-86
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• 2017

고효율의 에너지 변환 및 친환경적인 이점들을 이유로, 고분자전해질 연료전지(PEMFC)는 차세대 에너지 장치로 이목을 끌어왔다. 반면, 값비싼 백금 촉매의 이용은 연료전지의 상업적 이용에 주요한 결점으로 작용했다. 최근, Zelenay와 연구팀은 폴리아닐린-철-탄소 복합체구조에서 산소환원활성이 백금과 견주어 비슷한 성능을 낼 수 있음을 보고 하였다. Dodelet은 이러한 높은 성능이 전이금속의 영향에 의한 것일 수 있다는 주장을 하였다. 본 연구팀은 지난 연구에서 제일원리전산모사를 통해 니켈, 코발트, 구리등과 같은 전이금속이 질소가 도핑된 탄소 그래핀층에 미치는 거동을 밝혔다. 결론적으로, 금속들은 질소가 도핑된 그래핀의 전자구조를 바꿀 수 있고, 이러한 전자구조의 변화는 산소 환원반응에서 긍정적으로 작용할 수 있음을 확인하였다. 이러한 이론적 연구에 기반하여, 탄소층으로 감싼 금속은 내구성과 활성을 동시에 보유한 향후 전망있는 촉매 물질로 예상되어진다. 특히, 질소가 도핑된 탄소층으로 코팅된 철-코발트 합금은 계산을 통해 산소환원반응에서 우수할 것으로 예측되었다. 본 연구팀은 FeCo@N-C 나노입자를 직접 합성하였고, 이 촉매의 우수한 활성을 전기화학적, 구조적 관점에서 1) 질소의 도핑 효과, 2) 탄소의 두께 효과, 3) 합금효과에 집중하여 분석하였다.

• Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea
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• v.20 no.1 s.51
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• pp.47-60
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• 2007

While sedimentological researches on Western coastal tidal flats of Korea have been much pelformed previously, mineralogical and biogeochemical studies are beginning to be studied. The objectives of this study were to investigate mineralogical characteritics of the inter-tidal flat sediments and to explore phase transformation of iron(oxyhydr)oxides and biomineralization by metal-reducing bacteria enriched from the inter-tidal flat sediments from Muan, Jeollanam-do, Korea. Inter-tidal flat sediment samples were collected in Chungkye-myun and Haeje-myun, Muan-gun, Jeollanam-do. Particle size analyses were performed using the pipette method and sedimentation method. The separates including sand, silt and clay fractions were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray diffiaction (XRD). After enriching the metal-.educing bacteria from the into,-tidal flat sediments, the bacteria were used to study phase transformation of the synthesized iron (oxyhydr)oxides and iron biomineralization using lactate or glucose as the electron donors and Fe(III)-containing iron oxides as the electron accepters. Mineralogical studies showed that the sediments of tidal flats in Chung]rye-myun and Haeje-myun consist of quartz, plagioclase, microcline, biotite, kaolinite and illite. Biogeochemical researches showed that the metal-reducing bacteria enriched from the inter-tidal flat sediments reduced reddish brown akaganeite and mineralized nanometer-sized black magnetite. The bacteria also reduced the reddish brown ferrihydrite into black amorphous phases and reduced the yellowish goethite into greenish with formation of nm-sized phases. These results indicate that microbial Fe(III) reduction may play one of important roles in iron and carbon biogeochemistry as well as iron biomineralization in subsurface environments.

• Proceedings of the Korea Association of Crystal Growth Conference
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.7-11
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• 1997

직경 3.5 cm, 길이 1.5 m 의 석영관 내에서 염화제1철 증기를 수소로 환원하여 철 초미립자를 제조하였다. 염화제1철의 증발조건, 염화제1철 증기와 수소의 혼합방법, 반응물의 예비가열온도, 반응온도, 염하제1철의 농도, 반응기내 체류시간이 생성된 철 입자의 크기 및 크기분포에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 철 입자의 평균직경은 40-88 cm 이고, 기하표준편차는 1.4 정도로 나타났다. 철 입자들은 자기적 성질에 의해 서로 연결되어 체인을 형성하였으며, 전자회절분석 결과 단결정이었다. 평균입경 55nm 철 입자들의 항자력은 900 Oe, 포화자화값은 130 emu/g 이었다.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.20-27
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• 2004

Kinetic characteristics dependent on several factors such as iron mineral and organic solvents were investigated. When F $e^{0}$ , FeS and Fe $S_2$ were used as mediators, minerals affecting reaction rate were in the following order : $Fe_{0}$ 0/ ＞ FeS ＞ $FeS_2$ when in contact $C_2$C $l_{6}$ . The more chloride substituted, the higher reaction rate were observed. The reaction rates were dependent on pH, shaking rate, temperature and specific surface area. 1, 10-phenanthroline and EDTA degradation rates were fast, indicating that they adsorbed on the surface of the iron which makes the electron transfer reaction easy. Nitrate which has $\pi$＊ orbital of molecular can increase electron transfer rate because it is delocalized in its entity. The reaction rates were not affected by hydroquinone. Degradation rates were much enhanced with naturally occurring kaolinite because of the surface corrosion of Fe mineral. However, The reaction rate was not affected by F $e^{2+}$ or S $O_4$$^{2-}$ presented in solution.n.