• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.588-596
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• 2003

The relationships between evolution of microstructure and mechanical properties of porous Al-3Si-2Mg-2Cu alloy after the foaming and various heat treating were investigated. The foamed alloy having various densities were manufactured by powder compact foaming and heat treated. Then compression test was performed with deformation rate of 0.5/s. The ultimate compression strength was not changed after solution heat treatment but the flow curve after ultimate strength showed very smooth and uniform plateau region. This change of flow curve means that the deformation mechanism is altered from brittle fracture to ductile deformation and the energy absorption property of Al foam is dramatically improved. The improvement of energy absorption without any detriment of mechanical properties is due to that the very brittle precipitation like Al-Cu and Al-Mg was uniformly dissolved in Al matrix after solution heat treatment. And various mechanical properties of Al alloy porous material were improved by 40% with aging of $200^{\circ}C$ and 50min. These improvements are ascribe to the various fine precipitates like $\Omega$ and $\theta$'.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.80-87
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• 2011

In this study, the friction stir spot welding (FSSW) of Mg alloy sheets has been tried using an apparatus devised with a CNC milling machine to give the precise control of joining condition including tool speed. The probe tool used is made of hard metal and composed of cylindrical shoulder and pin parts. The variation of morphologies formed after the friction stir spot welding depending on the plunge speed of the tool were investigated at each rpm of tool. The history of the temperature distribution and the vertical load induced during the spot welding with friction time were measured by using an Infrared Thermal Imager (THERMA CAMTM SC2000) and a loadcell located below the specimen fixture, respectively. Tensile-shear tests were also performed to evaluate the fracture load of welded specimens. In order to characterize the friction stir spot welding of Mg alloy sheets, the variation of the fracture load was discussed on micrographic observations, temperature distribution during the FSSW according to the plunge speeds of tool.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.30 no.10 s.253
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• pp.1284-1292
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• 2006

Heat treatment is a controlled heating and cooling process to improve the physical and/or mechanical properties of metal products without changing their shapes. Today finite element method is widely used to simulate lots of manufacturing processes including heat treatment and surface hardening processes, which aims to reduce the number of time- and cost-consuming experimental tryouts. In this study we tried, using this method, to simulate the full carburizing process that consists of carburizing, diffusing and quenching, and to predict the distribution of carbon contents, phase fraction and hardness, thermal deformation and other mechanical characteristics as the results. In the finite element analysis deformation, heat transfer, phase transformation and diffusion effects are taken into consideration. The carburizing process of a lock gear, a part of the car seat recliner, that is manufactured by the fine blanking process is adopted as the analysis model. The numerical results are discussed and partly compared with experimental data. And a combination of process parameters that is expected to give the highest surface hardness is proposed on the basis of this discussion.

• Journal of Surface Science and Engineering
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.200-205
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• 2003

Thermoelectric p-type $Fe_{0.98}$ $Mn_{ 0.02}$$Si_2$ bulk specimens have been produced by mechanical alloying and consolidation by vacuum hot pressing. The subsequent isothermal annealing was not able to fully transform the mestastable as -milled powders into the $\beta$ $-FeSi_2$ phase, so that the obtained matrix consisted of not only thermoelectric semiconducting $\beta$-FeSi$_2$ but also some residual, untransformed metallic $\alpha$ $- Fe_2$$Si_{ 5}$ and $\varepsilon$-FeSi mixtures. Interestingly, $\beta$ - $FeSi_2$ was more easily obtained in the low density specimen when compared to the high density specimen. The oxidation at 700 and $800^{\circ}C$ in air led to the phase transformation of the above described iron - silicides and the formation of a thin silica surface layer.

• Journal of Powder Materials
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.223-229
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• 2010

Iron(Fe)-Molybdenum(Mo) alloyed nanoparticles and nanowires were produced by the chemical vapor condensation(CVC) process using the pyrolysis of iron pentacarbonyl($Fe(CO)_5$) and Molybdenum hexacarbonyl($Mo(CO)_6$). The influence of CVC parameter on the formation of nanoparticle, nanowire and size control was studied. The size of Fe-Mo alloyed nanoparticles can be controlled by quantity of gas flow. Also, Fe-Mo alloyed nanowires were produced by control of the work chamber pressure. Moreover, we investigated close correlation of size and morphology of Fe-Mo nanoparticles and nanowires with atomic quantity of inflow precursor into the electric furnace as the quantitative analysis. Obtained nanoparticles and nanowires were investigated by field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction.

• Journal of Korea Foundry Society
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.269-276
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• 2000

So far, the study on semi-solid process has been carried out to develop and research new advanced materials without some casting defects. In this study, A356 billets consisted of various dendritic shapes were prepared using electro-magnetic stirring process continuously. As-cast respectively has liquidus temperature of $625.6^{\circ}C$ and solidus temperature of $573.55^{\circ}C$ A356 slugs were reheated homogeneously at different temperatures of 580, 590 and $605^{\circ}C$, followed by squeezing in a mold insulated with applied pressures(0, 25, 50 and 70 MPa). In order to investigate on aging responce for casts, 50 MPa squeezed specimen among all specimens was prepared in aging treatments, which conditions are aging temperature of $160^{\circ}C$ and holding times of 0, 45, 90, 270, 360, 720, 1440 and 2880 min after solution treatment ($540^{\circ}C$ for 10 hr). SSM ingot with the output velocity of 150mm/min appeared more spheroidal shape and fine structure than that with the output velocity of 250 mm/min. According to increasing in reheating temperature, numbers of fatigue cycles, U.T.S and elongation increased at same time.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.33 no.7
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• pp.673-680
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• 2009

In this study, die cooling system using the nitrogen gas has been applied to hot aluminum extrusion process for refining grains and reducing of grain growth. Computational fluid dynamics(CFD) has been carried out to evaluate die cooling effect by nitrogen gas, and the results of CFD have been used to FE-simulation for the prediction of the extrudate temperature in hot extrusion process. Experimental hot extrusion has been performed to observe microstructure and to measure temperature of extrudate. The results of FE-Simulation have been good agreement with those of experiment. Finally, process condition of hot extrusion can be established to reduce grain growth of Al6061 through the experiment.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.375-381
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• 2002

N-type ${\beta}-FeSi_2$ with a nominal composition of $Fe_{0.98}Co_{0.02}Si_2$ powders has been produced by mechanical alloying process and consolidated by vacuum hot pressing. As-milled powders were of metastable state and fully transformed to ${\beta}-FeSi_2$ phase by subsequent isothermal annealing. However, as-consolidated $Fe_{0.98}Co_{0.02}Si_2$ consisted of untransformed mixture of ${\alpha}-Fe_2Si_ 5$ and $\varepsilon$-FeSi phases. Isothermal annealing has been carried out to induce the transformation to a thermoelectric semiconducting ${\beta}-FeSi_2$ phase. The transformation behavior of ${\beta}-FeSi_2$ was investigated by utilizing DTA, a modified TGA under magnetic field, SEM, and XRD analyses. Isothermal annealing at $830^{\circ}C$ in vacuum led to the thermoelectric semiconducting ${\beta}-FeSi_2$ phase transformation, but some residual metallic $\alpha$ and $\varepsilon$ phases were unavoidable even after prolonged annealing. Thermoelectric properties were remarkably improved by isothermal annealing due to the transformation from metallic $\alpha$ and $\varepsilon$ phases to semiconducting phases.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.82-89
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• 2003

Isotope dilution mass spectrometry (IDMS) was applied to the determination of Ni, Cr, Mo in low alloy steel reference materials. The Mo isotope ratio measurement was performed by dynamic reaction cell inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (DRC-ICP/MS) using ammonia as a reaction cell gas. In the case of Ni and Cr measurement, all data were obtained at medium resolution mode (m/${\Delta}m=3000$) of double focusing sector field high resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HR-ICP/MS). For the method validation of the technique was assessed using the certified reference materials such as NIST SRM 361, NIST SRM 362, NIST SRM 363, NIST SRM 364, NIST SRM 36b. This method was applied to the determination of Ni, Cr and Mo in low alloy steel sample (CCQM-P25) provided by NMIJ for international comparison study.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2010.02a
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• pp.330-330
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• 2010

하나로 노심에서 발생하는 열중성자를 감속재인 액체수소층을 통과시켜 냉중성자를 생산 하는 설비인 냉중성자원 시설은 초경량 합금, 신소재 및 DNA 구조연구 등의 첨단기술연구에 유용한 도구로 활용될 계획이며, 현재 원자력연구원에서는 냉중성자원 시설을 개발하여 제작 설치하였고, 이 장치들에 대해 기능시험을 수행하였다. 냉중성자원 시설계통에서 가스블랭킷계통은 수소의 외부누출을 방지하고, 진공용기를 포함한 수조내기기 내부로 공기 및 경수가 유입되지 않도록 하여 냉중성자원을 보호하기 위한 역할을 수행한다. 또한 가스블랭킷계통의 구성은 가스공급장치($N_2$ 및 He 가스 실린더로부터 가스공급 기능), 질소충압탱크, 진공박스, 수소박스, 밸브박스 및 각 구역별 독립 배관 등으로 되어있다. 이동식 진공배기장치는 가스블랭킷계통에서 사용하기 위해 특수하게 제작된 장치로서 진공계통과 수소계통의 초기충진 시 또는 계통배기 시 잔류가스를 제거하거나, 블랭킷가스의 오염검사를 위한 시료채취 기능 등을 수행할 수 있도록 되어있다. 본 논문에서는 냉중성자원장치 내의 수소계통 및 진공계통의 배관과 기기를 외기와 경수로부터 안전하게 격리시키기 위해서 제작설치 적용된 가스블랭킷계통에서 이동식 진공배기장치를 이용하여 잔류가스 제거방법과 각 가스블랭킷 영역으로부터 시료를 채취하여 수행된 산소농도 분석에 대해 기술하였다.