• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.84-95
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• 2022

Purpose: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the most common serious bacterial infections in young infants. Lumbar puncture (LP) has been used to diagnose coexisting meningitis in infants under 90 days of age with suspected UTI in many hospitals. However, the incidence of bacterial meningitis associated with UTIs is low. We aimed to describe the prevalence of concomitant bacterial meningitis in young infants with UTIs. Methods: The medical records of infants with the first episode of UTI admitted to the Chung-Ang University Hospital from January 2010 to December 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Infants aged < 90 days who underwent LP with initial evaluation were included. Demographic and clinical features, laboratory findings, and imaging findings were collected and analyzed. Results: Eighty-six infants with UTIs were enrolled in the study. The median age was 61.5 days (interquartile range, 42.3-73.8 days) and boys (90.7%) were predominant. Escherichia coli was the most common pathogen (n=80, 93.0%) and followed by Klebsiella species (n=5, 5.8%). Fifteen (18.1%) specimens produced extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL). Five (5.8%) infants had positive blood culture results. Seven (8.1%) infants showed pleocytosis in the cerebrospinal fluid, but none had coexisting bacterial meningitis. Twenty-four (30.8%) infants showed renal dilatation or hydronephrosis on ultrasonography. Dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) scans revealed cortical defects in 17 (21.3%) infants while voiding cystourethrography revealed vesicoureteral reflux in 6 (46.2%) infants. Conclusion: Co-existing bacterial meningitis was not observed in young infants with UTIs. LP could not be routinely performed considering the clinical condition of <90 days old UTI patients.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.359-369
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• 2007

In this study the evaluation method for riverine naturalness proposed previously by other researcher has been modified to assess stream naturalness of small scaled streams. Two evaluation items have been added to the previously proposed method. That is, the modified method for evaluating naturalness of small scaled streams contains 16 evaluation items with two categories - river morphology and river environments. The three evaluation items have been improved based on the results of stream configuration and characteristics investigation. To prepare evaluation index for channel configuration of small scaled stream, 55 small scaled streams have been selected to analyze sinuosity, wavelength, etc. It has been shown that the values of sinuosity are around 1.2 and one wavelength appears approximately every 500 m in the sample streams. An equation implied diversity for width of normal flow has been proposed to add the evaluation index for diversity of channel width. The every 500 m 1,000 m along small scaled stream is also recommended through the investigation as the interval of evaluation unit. The modified method has been applied to the DangWang stream to estimate the effect of stream rectification project. It has shown that the proposed method would appropriately reflect channel morphology and environments before and after the rectification project.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.30 no.8
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• pp.1042-1046
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• 2001

The incidence of paraplegia following drain of cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) by lumbar puncure below a spinal block is rare, and most of them occurred in spinal tumor. We report a case of acute paraplegia following lumbar puncture for computed tomography myelography(CTM) in a 42-year-old man who sustained a cervical disc herniation. Four hours after lumbar puncture for CTM, sudden paraplegia was developed. After emergent anterior cervical discectomy and fusion with cervical plating, the patient recovered completely. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first case of spinal shock complicating lumbar puncture for routine myelography in a patient with cervical disc herniation. The prompt recognition of this unusual complication of lumbar puncture may lead to good clinical outcome. Instead of CTM requiring lumbar puncture, MRI should be considered as the initial diagnostic procedure in a patient of cervical disc herniation associated with myelopathy. We discuss the possible mechanisms of acute paraplegia following lumbar puncture with literature review.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.41-45
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• 2009

Background: Arteriovenous fistula formation is not always easy to perform in hemodialysis patients because of poor preservation of veins due to repeated venipuncture and cannulation. We analyzed the patency rate and complications of prosthetic arteriovenous fistulas using the vena comitantes as a venous outflow in the antecubital fossa, which are protected from venipuncture. Material and Method: Between January 2006 and June 2008, 12 patients underwent prosthetic arteriovenous fistula formation using the vena comitantes as a venous outflow. Arterial inflow was via the brachial artery and the graft was placed in a loop fashion. The male-to-female ratio was 7 : 5 and the mean age was $59{\pm}14$ years. Six patients had diabetes mellitus and 10 patients had hypertension. Result: There were no complications, such as a graft infection or bleeding. Five patients showed postoperative stenosis at an average of 3 months. The primary patency rate was 75.0, 65.6, and 52.2% at 3, 6, and 12 months, respectively. All the patients with stenosis were able to continue hemodialysis after intervention therapy. The secondary patency rate was 100% at 12 months. Conclusion: Creation of a prosthetic arteriovenous fistula using uninjured vena comitantes resulted in a good patency rate and this vein may become a substitute for inappropriate superficial veins.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.203-215
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• 2016

This study was performed in order to investigate the effect of breast milk on pain relief in newborn during heel lancing. Nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design by double blinded experiment was used. 50 neonates were randomized to receive breast milk (experimental group, n=25) or no treatment (control group, n=25) before undergoing heel lancing. Informed consent was obtained from parents of 50 neonates. Neonatal infant pain scale (NIPS), respiration rate, heart rate, oxygen saturation, and crying duration were used to assess subjects' pain reaction. Data were analyzed using SPSS 18.0. The experimental and control group showed a statistically significant differences in NIPS score (F=28.89, p<.001), heart rate (F=14.03, p<.001), respiration rate (F=4.79, p=.001), oxygen saturation (F=2.69, p=.027), and crying duration (t=-8.78, p <.001) at each time points (during heel lancing, right after heel lancing, 1, 2, 3 minutes after heel lancing). The result suggest that oral administration of expressed breast milk is safe and natural agents for reducing procedural pain of neonates. Another clinical trial study with more samples is recommended.

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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• 1992.11a
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• pp.1-4
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• 1992

본 고에서는 후천적인 청각 장애나 노령화 및 산업화에 따라 난청자가 증가하고 있는 현대사회에서 난청자를 위한 통화대책을 강구하고자, 청각과 전화 통화와의 관계, 청력손실의 측정방법, 전화 통화의 입장에서 본 난청의 분류, 청각 장애에 따른 청각 특성에 대해서 총괄하였다. 그리고 난청자가 전화통화를 하고자 할 때 청력손실의 정도와 장애 부위에 따른 통화방법을 고찰하였다. 여기에서는 가벼운 정도의 난청자자인 경우에는 최저 가청한계를 고려한 고음향 출력전화기, 또 난청의 정도가 심한 난청자는 골도 청각을 이용한 골도 전화기가 유용한 통화수단임을 소개하였다. 또한 CCITT 및 외국에서 적극적으로 검토하고 있는 문제로서 , 보청기 착용자가 사회와 접촉하기 위한 수단인 보청기와 전화기와의 결밥 방법을 종합 검토하였다.

• 전기의세계
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• v.34 no.9
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• pp.537-540
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• 1985

인체에 발생하는 여러 질환을 진단 및 치료하고 예후를 결정하는데 혈관의 분포 및 그 상태를 관찰하는 것은 극히 중요하다. 형관조영술의 진단적 기치 및 그 임상적 응용은 1950년대 부터 널리 인정되고 있다. 다만 조영제 주입에는 동맥의 천자 및 도관(Catheter)삽입이라는 비교적 침습적 방법에 의존하여 왔다. 최근 Computer의 도입으로 대표되는 전자기술의 발전 등으로 혈관 특히 동맥의 저농도 조영상을 전산처리로서 숫자화하여 증강, 가산 또는 감산시키는 기법이 개발되어 1970년대 후반에 이르러 임상적으로 응용되게 되었다. 이러한 전산화 감산 형과조영술(Digital Subtraction Angiography : DAS)은 종래의 혈관조영술의 기본 수기에 전산 시스템을 복합시킨 것으로 그 임상적 효과는 매우 큰 것이다.

• 대한세포병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1991.06a
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• pp.19.1-19.1
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• 1991

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 1991.10a
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• pp.28-35
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• 1991

본 연구는 한국어 천자사전에 알맞은 하이퍼텍스트의 네트워크 구조와 전자사전의 구조에 관한 것으로 인간의 연관적 사고과정을 이용하여 사전을 구성하고자 하였다. 사용하는 사람을 계층적으로 선별하여 그에 알맞는 정보검색의 실마리를 제공하였으며 필요한 즉시 원하는 항목으로의 전환이 가능하도록 하였다. 특히 그래픽 브라우저(Graphics Browser)에 중점을 두어 사용자가 보다 편리하게 정보를 얻을 수 있도록 설계하였다.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.9
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• pp.4065-4072
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of topical EMLA Cream on venipuncture related pain and anxiety of surgery patient from oct. 27 to nov, 13, 2011, EMLA Cream was applied to the experimental group(n=40) 1hour before the procedure, but was not applied to the control group (n=37). The collected data were analyzed with the SPSS WIN 15.0 program. The percentage, mean and standard deviation were figured statistic, ${\chi}^2$-test, t-test, ANOVA, Correlation analysis were performed. Consequently, Pain in the EMLA applied experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group. also state anxiety in the experimental group was lower than that of the control group. correlation of pain and anxiety after EMLA was related. EMLA cream was considered to be an effective local anesthetic for preoperative venipuncture on pain and anxiety.