• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.652-655
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• 2005

Considering the fact that more than $97\%$ of fossil energy resources such as oil and natural gas needed in Korea rely on import, primary concern of the national economy is to secure future energy sources. Gas hydrates. which is non-conventional types of natural gas, distribute worldwide, especially in marine and permafrost Gas hydrates draw great attention recently as a new clean energy resources substituting conventional oil gas due to its presumed huge amount of volume reaching 10 trillion tons of gas and environmentally friendly characteristics. Results of preliminary survey by Korea Gas Corporation (KOGAS) and Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM) showed that gas hydrates can be present in deep sea over 1,000m water depth in the East Sea. Gas hydrates can contribute to the rapidly increasing consumption of natural gas in Korea and achieve the self-support target by 2010 with $30\%$ of total natural gas demand. This study presents the potentialities and development prospects of gas hydrate as a future energy source.

• 신재생에너지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.102-107
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• 2006

In Japan, research and development were undertaken on gas hydrate-side industrial processes associated with power generation system connections that may particularly be necessary to develop gas hydrated technology-based industrial systems. In so doing, data and engineering technologies useful n formulating guidelines on design of practical process were accumulated. In addition, basic research into theoretical evidence were carried out to promote and support the development of technological elements for those processes. In basic research designed to promote and support the research and development of elemental technologies, microanalyses were conducted to understand the decomposition mechanism of mixed gas hydrate. Moreover, measurement technologies that can be applied in industrial processes, such as numerical analyses and concentration measurement, were examined. Japan has developed a highly efficient gas hydrate formation process using micro-bubbles with a tubular reactor. Higher formation rate over conventional systems has been obtained by the process. As mentioned above, the technical problems were clarified and the economics were studied from a view point of the NGH technology in this study. The results can be applied for utilization and must contribute to popularization of gas hydrate production.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2006년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.415-418
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• 2006

In Japan, research and development were undertaken on gas hydrate-side industrial processes associated with power generation system connections that may particularly be necessary to develop gas hydrated technology-based industrial systems. In so doing, data and engineering technologies useful n formulating guidelines on design of practical process were accumulated. In addition, basic research into theoretical evidence were carried out to promote and support the development of technological elements for those processes. In basic research designed to promote and support the research and development of elemental technologies microanalyses were conducted to understand the decomposition mechanism of mixed gas hydrate. Moreover, measurement technologies that can be applied in industrial processes, such as numerical analyses and concentration ion measurement, were examined. Japan has developed a highly efficient gas hydrate formation process using micro-bubbles with a tubular reactor. Higher formation rate over conventional systems has been obtained by the process. As mentioned above, the technical problems were clarified and the economics were studied from a view point of the NGH technology in this study. The results can be applied for utilization and must contribute to popularization of gas hydrate production.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2006년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.50-53
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• 2006

Regional geophysical surveys and geological cal studies on natural gas hydrate (NGH) in the East Sea were carried out by the Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM) from 2000 to 2004. 16 piston cores, 2270 L-km of multi-channel reflection seismic (MCRS) data and 730 L-km of 3.5kHz Chirp data obtained from the southwestern part of the deep-water Ulleung Basin were analyzed in this study. In piston cores, cracks generally developed parallel to bedding suggest significant gas content. The core analyses showed high total organic carbon (TOC) content, sedimentation rate and heat flow of sediments. These are in favor of the general ion of substantial biogenic methane, which can form the NGH within the stability zone of the near seafloor sediments in the study area. The cores generally show also high residual hydrocarbon gas concentrations for the formation of natural gas hydrates The geophysical indicators of the presence of gas and/or NGH such as bottom simulating reflectors (BSRs), seismic blank Bones, pockmarks and gas seeping features were well defined on the MCRS and Chirp data.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.19-30
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• 2021

선행 연구를 통해 우리나라 동해 울릉 분지에 천연가스 자원인 하이드레이트 부존 퇴적층의 존재가 확인되었다. 퇴적층에서 가스를 생산하기 위한 시도는 세계적으로 연구되고 있으며, 생산 메커니즘은 열-수리-역학적 현상이 동시에 발생하는 복합적인 현상이다. 하이드레이트의 생산성 및 안정성 평가는 실험실 규모로 수행되기에는 어려움이 있다. 따라서, 가스 하이드레이트의 생산성 및 퇴적층의 안정성 평가를 위해서는 전산 수치 해석이 필수적으로 수행되어야 한다. 이 연구에서는 여러 가지 가스 하이드레이트 생산 방법 중 감압법을 이용한 생산 시 목표 공저압 및 감압속도에 따른 하이드레이트 퇴적층의 안정성과 가스 생산성에 대한 영향을 전산 모사 해석을 통해 분석하였다. 연구결과 목표 공저압이 낮을수록 생산성은 향상되고 안정성은 악화되는 것을 확인하였고, 감압 속도는 가스 생산성 및 퇴적층의 안정성에 큰 영향을 미치지 않는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 추가적으로 실제 시험 생산 시 발생할 수 있는 사질생산 현상에 대한 대응 전략 수립을 위해 감압 속도 조절에 따른 가스 생산성 및 퇴적층의 안정성 평가 해석을 수행하였다. 해석 결과 낮은 감압 속도에서 높은 감압 속도로 변경 시킬 경우 안정성 확보에 효과가 있음을 확인하였다. 또한, 가스 생산 시 하이드레이트 해리로 인한 퇴적층의 침하가 발생하고 시추 생산정 하부에서는 압력 구배로 인해 지반 융기가 발생하는 것을 확인하였다. 이 결과를 통해 감압법을 활용한 가스 생산 시 목표 공저압 선정을 위해서는 생산성 및 안정성에 대한 고려가 동시에 수행되어야 하며, 지반 변위로 인해 생산 시추공에 발생하는 응력에 대한 고려도 필수로 수행되어야 한다는 결론을 얻었다.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.72-79
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• 2017

극한지 천연가스 배관의 운전온도 범위는 가스 공급을 최적화하고 운전동안 극한지 환경에 대한 충격을 최소화하기 위해 기본적으로 제어되어야 한다. 배관에 흐르는 가스의 온도는 Joule-Thomson 효과와 배관과 토양의 열전달에 의존한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 매설 천연가스 배관의 열전달과 Joule-Thomson 효과를 상세히 고려하였다. 토양온도는 $0{\sim}-20^{\circ}C$, 총괄열전달계수는 $0{\sim}5.5W/m^2K$로 가정하였다. 토양온도와 총괄열전달계수 변화에 따른 배관 길이방향의 가스온도 변화와 압력손실을 동시에 계산하였다. 또한, 본 연구에서는 HYSYS 프로그램을 사용하여 토양온도와 총괄열전달계수에 따른 상변화와 하이드레이트 생성을 예측하였다.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.8-14
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• 2008

Methane hydrate is crystalline ice-like compounds which consist of methane gas of 99% and over, and the estimated amount of gas contained in hydrates is about 1 trillion carbon Ton. Therefore, they have the potential for being a significant source for natural gas, and 1$m^3$ solid hydrates contain up to 172N$m^3$ of methane gas, depending on the pressure and temperature of production. Such large volumes make natural gas hydrates can be used to store and transport natural gas. In this study, the tests were performed on the formation of methane hydrate by a nozzle. The result showed that utilizing nozzles dramatically reduces the time in hydrate formation, the pressure after the injection is decreased to be approximately 90% of experimental pressurethe, and gas consumption is higher about 3 times than that of subcooling test.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2011년도 추계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.122.1-122.1
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• 2011

The motivation for this work was the potential of hydrophobic amino acids such as glycine, L-alanine, and L-valine to be applied as thermodynamic hydrate inhibitors (THIs). To confirm their capabilities in inhibiting the formation of gas hydrates, three-phase (liquid-hydrate-vapor) equilibrium conditions for carbon dioxide hydrate formation in the presence of 0.1 to 3.0 mol% amino acid solutions were determined in the range of 273.05 to 281.45 K and 14.1 to 35.2 bar. From quantitative analyses, the inhibiting effects of the amino acids (on a mole concentration basis) decreased in the following order: L-valine > L-alanine > glycine. The application of amino acids as THIs has several potential advantages over conventional methods. First, the environmentally friendly nature of amino acids as compared to conventional inhibitors means that damage to ecological systems and the environment could be minimized. Second, the loss of amino acids in recovery process would be considerably reduced because amino acids are non-volatile. Third, amino acids have great potential as a model system in which to investigate the inhibition mechanism on the molecular level, since the structure and chemical properties of amino acids are well understood.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2006년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.391-394
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• 2006

Growth characteristics of methane-propane clathrate hydrate, growing under different undercooling conditions, was investigated. After the water within pressurized vessel was fully saturated with guest gas molecules by agitation, medium was rapidly undercooled and maintained at the constant temperature. The growth of hydrate was always Initiated with film formations at the upper bounding surface of liquid pool. The visual observation using microscope revealed detailed features of subsequent crystal nucleation, migration, growth and interference occurring within liquid pool. A number of small crystals ascended and settled at the hydrate film. When undercooling was small $({\Delta}T=3.2K)$, some of the settled crystals slowly grew into faceted columns. As the undercooling increased, the downward growth of crystals underneath the hydrate film became dendritic and occurred with greater rate and with finer arm spacing. The shapes of the floating crystals were diverse and included octahedron and triangular or hexagonal platelet When the undercooling was small, the octahedral crystals were found dominant. As the undercooling increased, the shape of the floating crystals also became dendritic. The detailed characteristics of floating crystals were reported in this study.

• 신재생에너지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.94-101
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• 2006

[ $1m^3$ ] solid hydrate contains up to $200m^3$ of natural gas, depending on pressure and temperature. Such large volume of natural gas hydrate can be utilized to store and transport large quantity of natural gas in a stable condition. So, in the present investigation, experiments carried out for the formation of natural gas hydrate governed by pressure, temperature, and gas compositions, etc.. The results show that the equilibrium pressure of structure II natural gas hydrate) is approximately 65% lower and the solubility is approximately three times higher than structure I methane hydrate). Also, the subcooling conditions of the structure I and II must be above 9K and 11K in order to form hydrate rapidly regardless of gas components, but the pressure increase is more advantageous than the temperature decrease in order to increase the gas consumption. And utilizing nozzles for spraying water in the form of droplets into the natural gas dramatically reduces the hydrate formation time and increases its solubility at the same time.