• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.490-501
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• 1992

Background: Isocyanate is the most significant cause of occupational asthma in this country. The mechanism of isocyanate induced bronchoconstriction is unclear. Subjects and Method: To observe its immunologic and clinical findings, we performed methacholine bronchial challenge test (MBCT), toluene diisocyanate (TDI)-bronchoprovocation test (BPT) and RAST to TDI-, diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI)-, and hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI)-human serum albumin (HSA) conjugate in 22 isocyanate-sensitive asthmatic workers. Results: BPT revealed early (11), dual (5), and late only (6) asthmatic responses. Their latent period ranged from 3 to 120 months (mean:45.9 months). Three cases (13.6%)showed a negative response on initial MBCT, but following MBeT performed 24 hours after TDI-BPT revealed the development of airway hyperresponsivenss. Twelve (54.5%) workers had increased specific IgE to TDI-HSA, seven (31.8%) had to MDI-HSA, and nine (40.9%) had to HDI-HSA conjugate. The prevalence of specific IgE was not associated with latent period, type of asthmatic responses, smoking, and atopic status. After 3 months' avoidance from workplace, airway hyperresponsiveness was improved in 10 (38.3%), among 12 followed cases. Conclusion: It is suggested that isocyanate can induce IgE-mediated bronchoconstriction in 59.1% of isocyanate-sensitive asthmatic workers. Isocyanate-induced asthma can occur even though MBeT showed a negative result, and measurement of the changes of airway hyperresponsivenss after isocyanate-BPT could be helpful to diagnose isocyanate-sensitive asthma.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.613-623
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• 2017

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify the effects of education regarding action plans according to a self-monitoring program on self-management adherence, knowledge, symptom control, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among adults with asthma. Methods: Thirty-four patients were randomly assigned to the intervention group and thirty-two to the control group in this study. A tailored 50-minute intervention based on the contents of self-monitoring and action plans developed by the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute was provided to the intervention group. Structured and well developed questionnaires were used to measure the dependent variables. Results: There were no differences in all general and clinical characteristics, and the dependent variables between two groups in the pre-test. In the post-test, there were differences in the level of self-management adherence (t=4.41, p<.001), knowledge (t=2.26, p=.027), symptom control (t=-2.56, p=.013), and total HRQoL (t=2.14, p=.036) between the two groups, although there was a difference only in the sub-domain of emotion (t=2.03, p=.047) in HRQoL. Conclusion: This study found that action plans according to self-monitoring that enhance a participatory interaction in the treatment and care could help patients with moderate to severe asthma to engagead equately in self-care, to control their symptoms, and to improve their HRQoL. Further studies are still needed to identify longitudinal effects of this program.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.51 no.5
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• pp.487-491
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• 2008

Purpose : Although Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) infection can cause wheezing in non-asthmatic children, the mechanisms of this symptom remain unclear. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a major mediator of angiogenesis and vascular permeability, and is also known to be elevated in cases of chronic pulmonary disease such as asthma. We hypothesized that VEGF may increase in children with acute M. pneumoniae pneumonia and wheezing. Methods : Nine patients with clinical and laboratory evidence of acute M. pneumoniae pneumonia were enlisted from children admitted to Korea University Hospital. They had had more than one episode of wheezing during the illness, which was confirmed by a physician; they comprised the wheezer group. The individuals with M. pneumoniae pneumonia without wheezing were 63 in number, and they comprised the non-wheezer group. Patients with a history of asthma or who had received asthma medications were excluded. Serum concentrations of VEGF, total IgE, eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), and peripheral blood eosinophil counts were measured. Results : The serum VEGF concentrations were higher in the wheezer group ($mean{\pm}SD$; $650.2{\pm}417.9pg/mL$) than in the non-wheezer group ($376.5{\pm}356.2pg/mL$, P=0.049). M. pneumoniae antibody (1:1,380 vs. 1:596, P=0.048) and serum total IgE (591.8 IU/mL vs. 162.2 IU/mL, P=0.032) were higher in the wheezer group than in the non-wheezer group. There were no differences between the two groups in terms of serum ECP concentration or blood eosinophil count. Conclusion : In the presence of wheezing, serum VEGF concentrations were higher in the children with M. pneumoniae pneumonia. This finding suggests that VEGF may associate with wheeze-related symptoms in children with acute M. pneumoniae pneumonia.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.418-427
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was done to investigate the relationship of knowledge related to disease, awareness and practice of inhaler use in asthmatic patients. Method: The participants in this research were 124 patients with asthma who used inhalers, and were admitted to hospital or attended outpatient asthmatic clinics. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire which consisted of demographic characteristics, illness-related characteristics, and tools to measure knowledge of disease, awareness and practice related to inhaler use. Results: Knowledge related to disease was statistically significantly different for age (p<.001) and marital status (p=.017). The mean score for awareness of inhaler use was significantly higher than the mean score for practice in inhaler use (p<.001). There were significant correlations between awareness and practice of inhaler use (p<.001), knowledge related to disease and awareness of inhaler use (p<.001), and knowledge related to disease and practice of inhaler use (p<.001). Conclusion: Results indicate that due to the variation in degree of illness in patients with asthma, there is a need to develop appropriate education programs for people of different ages and also precise ${\alpha}$ II content for use of inhalers method of checking capacity washing and storing as well as directions about different kinds of the inhalers.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.176-179
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• 1992

Bronchial webs are rare lesions which often go unrecognized. A 36-year-old female was admitted to our hospital for recurrent cough and dyspnea. A diagnosis of bronchial asthma was made and she was treated with conventional therapy. She did not respond to drug therapy. On the physical examination, there was localized wheezing on the left lung field. By the bronchogram, we found a membrane-like structure in the left main bronchus. A bronchoplasty was performed and now the patient leads her normal life without any medications for asthma.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.179-191
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• 2006

The authors argue that the current Government Information System for asthmatics appears to be non-user friendly due to lack of the cartographic representation for the text based statistical data. Acknowledging these constraints, an operational, user-friendly map for asthmatic prevalence has been generated by combining existing statistical data with the administrative Dong boundary map under GIS environment. The Geographical User Interface, in particular, were ideally suited to deriving the major distribution patterns that more asthmatic prevalence tends to be occurred on conventional commercial district and industrial complex. A visual map using spatial modelling technology were generated to show the fact that some degree of increasing or decreasing trends of asthmatic prevalence already exists in the experimental sites. It could be used as an evidence to restrict initiation of development activities causing negative influence to asthma such as road construction. The result of this study would play a crucial role in improving the quality of environmental health information service if it is operationally introduced into the Government since the highly user-friendly interface provides a completely new means for disseminating information for asthmatics in a visual and interactive manner to the general public.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.173-180
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• 2013

Objectives : A 55-year-old male patient whose symptoms were not improved by western drugs(including steroids) was hospitalized in Korean medical hospital for 22 days. Methods : This patient was diagnosed as Han-po-yeol(寒包熱) and treated with herbal decoctions, acupuncture, and moxibustion. And he answered the quality of life questionnaire for adult Korean asthmatics (QLQAKA) at 1st, 15th, and 22th day of hospitalization. Results : After 2 weeks herbal medical treatment, score of QLQAKA was increased by 0.53 point. Conclusion : This result suggest that Korean medical treatment has the potential for asthma patients who did not responded to western drugs.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.95-100
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• 1988

Ipratropium bromide(IP) is a new anticholinergic bronchodilator To evaluate its effect on bronchial asthma which is still unkown in Korea, a double blind and randomized study was done on all patients of bronchial asthma who visit out-patients clinic of our department from June to September 1987 and showed 75 to 100% of FEV1 / FVC ratio (On pre bronchodilator spirometry(pre BD). The selected patients were given 2 puffs of Fenoterol(FE) or Ipratropium inhalator blindly and Spirometry The repeated results are: 1. In both FE and IP groups, there was a significant bronchodilatory effect on 5 and 60 minutes after administration. 2. On 5 minutes, effect of FE was significantly greater than IP.(FVC p<0.05, FEV1 p<0.01) 3. On 60 minutes, effect of IP was slightly less than FE but statistically non-significant. On the basis of above results, we concluded that onset of effect of IP is slower than FE, but its effect is significant and nearly comparable to FE.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.45-51
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• 1993

Stress perception was investigated in 53 outpatients with extrinsic type of bronchial asthma, using GARS scale and other questionnaires. 40% of the patients were found to be psychosomatic. The patients were more likely to consider their physical symptoms as severe than the allergist Severity of symptoms rated by the allergist had significantly positive correlation with scores of stress perception related to changes in relationship. However, no significant correlation was found between severity of symptoms rated by patients and scores of stress perception. Psychosomatic group was significantly higher in scores of stress perception related to illness and injury, financial burden, and change or no change in routine than non-psychosomatic group. Female. older age, higher education. presence of religion. and presence of psychological stressors at onset and/or aggravation of the illness were found to increase stress perception. These findings indicate ant extrinsic asthmatics an less likely to perceive psychological stress than physical symptoms, and that they are less vulnerable to psychological stressors than patients with other diseases.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.202-212
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was done to evaluate the effectiveness of an education program for patients with asthma who use inhalers. Methods: The research design for this study was a non-equivalent control group quasi-experimental study. Participants in this study were 36 patients for the control group, and 43 patients for the experimental group. The experimental group participated in the education program. The control group received the usual care. Data were collected before and 1 month and 2 months after the program finished and were analyzed using the SPSS 12.0 program. Results: The experimental group had significantly higher scores of knowledge of inhalers, and inhalation technique compared to the control group. However, no significant differences were found between two groups for PEFR, asthma instability, and satisfaction with inhalers. Conclusion: According to the results, the education program was effective in improving knowledge of inhalers, and inhalation technique. Therefore, it is recommended that this education program be used in clinical practice as an effective nursing intervention for patients with asthma on inhalers.