• Journal of the Korean Institute of Navigation
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.385-395
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• 2000

In the transportation literature, many useful decision making models for ship routing and ship scheduling have been studied. But the majority of these studies are on industrial carriers, bulk carriers, or tankers. It is quite recent that a few optimization models have been developed for liner fleet routing and scheduling problems. However there have been few academic studies on decision making models for the routing or scheduling problems of passenger ships in spite of their economic importance in the entire shipping industry. The purpose of this study is to develop analytic decision making models for ship routing and scheduling for the passenger ship fleet. This study gives two optimization models, one is a linear programming model and the other a goal programming model. These two models are solved easy by commercial linear programming softwares and suggest optimal ship routing plans and many other useful implications for passenger ship fleet managers.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2012.06a
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• pp.200-202
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• 2012

본 연구는 연안VTS의 역량강화를 위한 방안으로 항만VTS센터에 해양경찰청 소속 직원 파견하여 합동근무를 확대시행하고 정보제공업무 위주의 현행VTS의 미비점을 보완하고, 관제통신 미청취, 항법 미준수 선박 등에 대한 계도 단속 등 현장집행능력의 강화에 따른 현황과 성과를 고찰하고자 한다. 연구방법으로는 VTS센터의 운영성과를 분석하는 방법과 파견업무 사례를 통한 실증적 연구방법을 적용하였다. 연구결과 현장집행력의 부재로 인한 긴급한 상황에 대처 능력이 미약한 집행력에 한계를 가지고 있었다. 더불어 2차사고 위험성이 있는 것으로 나타났으며 이에 대한 대응방안으로 관제센터에 부속된 전담선박(관제정)의 배치필요하다.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.297-321
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• 2004

This study is to investigate to the problems of school libraries in order to develop to a school media center from the place to circulate material to students, and provide the suggestion of a school library management for increasing student's productive ability. Inculding suggestions are: school library facilities and budgets, school librarian's recruit and policy, school librarian's professional role, cooperation instruction with teachers, cooperation instruction methods. This result can render development to school library.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Simulation Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.157-162
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• 2002

심화되는 경쟁환경에서 우위를 점하기 위해서는 제조 시스템의 수행도를 관리하고 개선하는 활동이 필요하다. 본 연구는 페트리넷(Petri net)과 시뮬레이션을 사용하여 제조 시스템 수행도의 하나인 산출율을 향상시키는 방법론을 제안하였다. 시뮬레이션은 제조 시스템의 수행도 평가에 많이 사용되나, 시스템의 개선방향에 대한 분석 능력이 취약하다. 한편, 페트리넷은 정확한 분석을 수행할 수 있으나, 대상 시스템이 복잡해짐에 따라 분석 능력이 현저히 감소된다. 본 연구에서는 페트리넷의 복잡도를 증가시키는 주요 원인 중 하나인 자원 공유를 분리된 페트리넷으로 표현함으로써 페트리넷의 분석 능력을 유지하고자 하였다. 또, 이를 바탕으로 자원 공유에 관련된 파라미터에 대한 회귀분석모형을 도출하였다. 이 회귀분석모형에 대한 최적화 과정에 의해 자원의 적절한 배치 혹은 제품비율에 대한 개선 방향을 얻어낼 수 있다. 이러한 페트리넷 기반 분석 방법과 시뮬레이션 방법을 동시에 사용함으로써 시뮬레이션 모형에서 산출율을 개선할 수 있으며, 실제 제조 시스템에 적용할 수 있을 것이다.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.31-51
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to develop "Movie Production Project" Science-Arts convergence STEAM program for elementary students and investigate the effects of the program on career orientation of science, career awareness and creative personality. Participants were 82 elementary school students. The results of this study were as follows: First, experimental group's total score of career orientation of science was significantly higher than that of comparative group. Among sub-areas, science learning preference, science career preference and perception on science career worth were significantly different between two groups. Experimental group's scores were significantly higher than those of comparative group. Second, experimental group's career awareness total score was significantly higher than that of comparative group including all sub-areas. Third, experimental group's creative personality total score was significantly higher than that of comparative group including 2 sub-areas, independence, openness. Finally, experimental group student's perception on the program showed that it was interesting, a little easy and they hoped to study again.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.285-297
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• 2023

The present study aims to investigate the acoustic performance of the creative convergence classrooms in Korea used by elementary school students under the age of 9 introduced through the school space innovation project. In order to do this, acoustic performances of three creative convergence classrooms were measured. The measured acoustic parameters were background noise levels, Reverberation Time (RT), D₅₀, Speech Transmission Index (STI), and Inter-Aural Cross Correlation (IACC). Also, acoustic parameters including Transmission Loss (TL) and standardized level difference (D_nT) have been measured for the analysis of sound insulation performance of walls. In addition, the noise level was measured according to the opening conditions of doors and windows in the classroom. As a result, background noise level was measured at an average of 28.0 dB(A) to 32.8 dB(A) when the air conditioner was not operated, and the RT did not exceed 0.6 s. There were differences in IACC according to various desk layouts, and IACC values were high in the center line and the seats near the sound source. In particular, higher IACC was measured at the seats on the center line facing the source squarely. Regarding noise level in the classroom according to the opening conditions of doors and windows, the standards were exceeded when all windows, or windows and doors front onto the corridor were opened.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.50 no.6
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• pp.645-654
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the current status of dietary education carried out by dieticians or nutrition teachers at elementary, middle, and high schools in Gyeonggi province. We compared dietary education status not only among school level but also between dieticians and nutrition teachers. Methods: The survey using self-administered questionnaires was conducted by dieticians or nutrition teachers at 91 schools (43 elementary schools, 33 middle schools, and 15 high schools) in Gyeonggi province in December, 2015. The questionnaire consisted of questions regarding general characteristics of respondents, current status of dietary education, opinion about dietary education methods, and cooperation level of persons concerned. Results: The placement rate of nutrition teachers was 50.5% overall. Only 36 out of 91 schools conducted regular dietary education, and the percentage of schools conducting regular dietary education was significantly different according to school level with the lowest percentage in high schools, equivalent to 20% (p = 0.003). The average annual dietary education time was 12.4 hours, and it was very low in high schools (5.1 hours) and in schools without a nutrition teacher (1.6 hours). The levels of cooperation and support from principals, teachers, parents, and students were significantly lower in high schools than elementary and middle schools (all p < 0.001) and in schools without a nutrition teacher than schools with a nutrition teacher (all p < 0.05). Conclusion: The results show that the level of dietary education is not enough and needs to be improved, especially at middle and high schools and at schools without a nutrition teacher. Government support polices need to be implemented to encourage dietary educational activities.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.138-149
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• 2015

In order to search for the reasonable planning directions for representing traditional landscape, this study conducted the comparative analysis of the designs on the panels and their constructions from both winners of "The Landscape Design Competitions for City Infrastructure of Minlak(2) District in Uijeongbu" and "The Design Competition for Dongtan(2) District Land Development Phase 1". The representing targets and views, the composition and placement of representing space, the design of representing facilities and landscape planting were examined based on the text, master plans, elevations and cross sections, diagrams, images, and perspective drawings proposed from the competition panels. Then, the landscape constructions were reviewed. The results are as follows: First, the types of the representing targets and views are the agricultural landscape, as the local landscape of target area, which are divided into the life space of a traditional village, the traditional water space, and the traditional culture. Second, as to the composition and placement of representing space, the traditional theme spaces are formulated considering the surrounding land use and the local cultural heritage. However, some spaces were changed to the exercise space or convenient facility spaces required in a neighborhood park. Third, in the case of the representing facilities, a round island in the square pond, a traditional pavilion and Hwagye(terraced flower bed) were made without the facilities designed creatively. Fourth, the application of traditional planting techniques was focused on planting trees in the village forest on an island in the square pond and on Hwagye. Fifth, the traditional representing work has gradually advanced with the selection of subject and experimental facility designs based on the professional references. Sixth, the choice of the realizable subject, the expertise for information analysis and the creative design of the traditional facility are required in the future.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.12
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• pp.659-671
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• 2013

Through Korean traditional opera (changgeuk) Medea, composer Hwang Ho-jun showed eclectic music idiom by 1) writing music (jakchang) on manuscript paper and score, 2) introducing the "song-through" format, 3) including various solo melodies, 4) maximizing the effect created by a singing narrator (dochang) with the chorus master and a mixed chorus, 5) seeking an interplay of tension and release by using both discord and chord, 6) achieving the effect of kil-bakkum, the Korean traditional method of modulation, through modulation and borrowed chord of Western music. In Medea, instrumentalists adopted suseong-banju (Korean traditional accompaniment) which does not spoil the voice of singers. Hwang adopted song for the way how singers express various hidden sides of play among song, aniri (narration) and balim (gesture) and introduced the Sung-through format in which the play is comprised entirely of song. In Medea, oral sounds expressing wail, lament, cheer, sneer and scream are often used and various solo melodies appear that fit for personalities of characters, clearly showing what bunchang (singers' singing songs divided according to characters) is all about. And discord and chord are effectively used according to the development and mood of play. Hwang also achieved successfully the effect of kil-bakkum by abandoning the traditional modulation method and boldly introducing modulation and borrowed chord of Western music.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2013.10a
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• pp.131-134
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• 2013

Nuri process is a common process of childcare and education for infants to 5 years old in 2012 has been carried out. In order to operate a paint program, teachers not only easy to take advantage in the field, education robot, taking into account developmental compatibility in accordance with stable, physical stability, age psychological infant, the diversity, education robot that can be worn thinking, creativity, scientific thinking is required. In this paper, I will study the applications and Internet services to infants through your favorite smartphones. To the study of development in the smartphone educational insect robot application with the educational environment that infants are environmentally friendly. Utilizing the game smartphone, Nari proceed to step 15, place the questions and answers for enhancing the education effect on the way, to enhance the creative effect of the robot and education. In this paper, I will continue to contribute to the development of content for the education of taste creative.