• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.94-101
• /
• 2001

This study was intended to evaluate the relationship environmental condition and growth characteristics of seed treatment seed in direct sowing with different sowing date, and to suggest new cultivation model. The emergence percentage and hours were down as the delayed sowing date. Optimum sowing time was Sep. 10, and sowing must end before Sep. 20 for safety yield. When did sowing ended before Sep.20 in direct sowing cultivation, the seedling growth(SG) and No of roots of direct sowing seedling were larger than transplanting cultivation . At March 8 evaluated seedling, the SG of direct sowing seedling was higher than transplanting, and at Sep. 2(1 those were similar. The missing plant rate in transplanting cultivation was under 3 %, and that in direct sowing cultivation was about 13∼18%, and the extent were sever as delayed sowing date. The bulb fresh weight was decreased as delayed sowing, and those in direct sowing and transplanting cultivation were 230, 217g, respectively. The blot rate was high in direct sowing cultivation, and that was decreased as delayed sowing. The yield in direct sowing and transplanting cultivation were 5,134, 5,300kg, respectively, and those were decreased as delayed sowing. The average yield in early and medium-late maturity cultivars were 3,750, 4,908kg, respectively, and Sonic was highest yield in early maturity cultivars and Nongwoodego was highest in medium-late maturity cultivars. The emergence weed were 9 species as Loportea bulbifera Weddell and others, and Loported bulbifera Weddell, Digitaria violascens Link and Persicaria longiseta Kitagawa were dominant species in direct sowing cultivation with black hole vinyl mulching

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
• /
• v.7 no.4
• /
• pp.308-313
• /
• 1999

Direct seeding is a cultivation method of Korean ginseng which can cut down production cost and increase productivity. This study was conducted to obtain detailed information about this method and to aid the development of it in Korea. Major pre-crops before ginseng cultivation were rice, corn and rye, and organic matters, such as rice straw, rye straw and poultry feces were used for basal fertilization. In direct seeding of the ginseng field, seeding density was 196 to 210 seeds per $3.3m^2$ and germination ratio was 67%. Survival ratio of 4-year-old ginsengs which were products of direct seeding was 51%, and more than 100 plants per $3.3m^2$ survived. The most critical diseases in the directly seeded ginseng field were grey mold, damping off, and stem diseases including stem spot disease. Plant growth of the ginseng cultivated by the direct seeding method was not different from the ginseng cultivated by transplanting method. But the root of the ginseng cultivated by the direct seeding method took the shape of a shorter main root compared to the ginseng cultivated by the transplanting method. Root yield per $3.3m^2$ of the direct seeding ginseng field was larger compared to the field of the transplanting cultivation.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.37 no.6
• /
• pp.550-556
• /
• 1992

Performance of a rice breeding line, Milyang 95 was evaluated at four cultural methods, direct seeding on dry soil covered by making ridges (DS ridged), direct seeding on dry soil covered by rotortilling (DS rotary), direct seeding on flooded soil (FS), and machine transplanting (MT). Days from seeding to emergence in both DS ridged and DS rotary was 15 days. The number of seedlings at DS ridged and DS rotary was lower than that at FS. Heading was earliest at MT, latest at DS rotary and DS ridged, and that at FS was between them. Days from seeding to heading was 115 days at MT, 94-95 days at DS ridged and DS rotary, and 87 days at FS. Lodging index was similar among the cultural methods and lodging was not occurred in the field although fresh weight of tillers and breaking strength at MT were higher than those of direct seedings. Yield and most of yield components were similar among the cultural methods although the number of spikelets per panicle at MT was higher and 1,000 grain weight at FS was lower compared to other cultural methods. Grain appearance (rusty, chalky abortive rice), protein and amylose contents and alkali digestibility were observed.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.42 no.1
• /
• pp.14-21
• /
• 1997

This experiment was conducted to identify the growth and yield differences in rice cultural types: Broadcasting on flooded paddy surface(BF), drilling on flooded paddy surface(DF), puddled-soil drill seeding(PD), drill seeding on dried paddy flat(DD), and machine transplanting of lO-day old seedling(MT) at National Honam Agricultural Experiment Station in 1995. Among the cultural types of direct seeding, the number of seedling stand showed high in order of DD>BF>DF>PD. Tillering at early growth stage was faster in MT and effective tiller showed higher in MT than in direct seeding. Growth duration from seeding to heading was longer in direct seeding than in MT for 2-13 days of Dongjinbyeo and 10-18 days of Nonganbyeo. Root distribution ratio at the surface soil revealed high in order of BF>DF>PD>DD and MT. Culm wall thickness of 4th internode was thicker in machine transplanting of 10-day old seedling than in direct seeding, and the depth of buried culm showed deep by turns of MT> DD>PD>DF and BF. The height of center gravity and moment related to lodging revealed higher in direct seeding than machine transplanting that resulted high lodging index by turns of BF>DF>DD> PD among the direct seeding cultural type. Lodging was occured seriously in the order of BF>DF>PD>DD =MT in Dongjinbyeo but wasn't significantly different in Nonganbyeo among the cultural type. The yield components and grain yield showed varietal differences but was not significantly different between in MT and in direct seeding, and among cultural types of direct seeding.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2005.05b
• /
• pp.1445-1449
• /
• 2005

벼재배에 있어서 기계이앙은 1970년 이후 급속히 이루어졌으며 90년대에 이르러서는 노동력과 농업용수 절감을 위하여 직파재배의 보급이 이루어지고 있어 영농방식 변화가 농업용수의 이용에 큰 영향을 미치고 있다. 따라서 실제 영농상황과 농업용수 수요량 산정방법간의 차이를 조사 분석하고 농업용수 수요량 산정을 위한 적절한 방안을 모색하는 것이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 기존의 문헌 및 실제 현장에서의 영농상황을 조사하고 수원공으로부터 관개구역으로 공급하는 용수공급량을 측정하였으며 3개지구를 대상으로 필요수량을 산정하여 비교하였다. 이앙재배에 있어서 기계화의 보급과 비닐하우스 등의 설치에 의하여 이앙기간과 이앙시기에 많은 차이를 보이고 있는데 과거에 비하여 이앙시기는 앞당겨지고 이앙기간은 짧아졌는데 이러한 변화는 지역에 따라 다른 특성을 보이고 있다. 또한, 이러한 변화는 과거와 비교하여 농업용수 수요량에 변화를 가져왔으며 변화는 대부분 4월, 5월에 집중되어 나타났다. 직파재배는 이앙재배에 비하여 용수를 많이 필요로 하는데 본답기 이전에 용수수요량의 차이가 많은 것으로 나타나고 있다. 이러한 직파재배의 면적은 1997년까지 계속적으로 증가하다 잡초성 벼의 번성, 연작의 피해 등으로 인하여 재배면적이 줄어든 상태이다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
• /
• 1999.07a
• /
• pp.65-70
• /
• 1999

벼 재배의 생력화를 위하여 현재 국내에는 벼 직파 재배 기술이 확대 보급되고 있다. 기존 벼 직파 재배 기술은 직파유형에 따라 차이가 있지만 발아율 및 입모율, 도복, 잡초방제, 종자손실 및 유동, 포장준비 및 재배관리에 많은 문제점들이 있어 이를 획기적으로 개선할 수 있는 방안이 절실한 실정이다. 벼 펠렛 종자를 이용한 파종은 현행 직파 재배의 여러 문제점들을 해결할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 입모율 향상, 초기생육촉진 및 초기 병충해 방제, 시비기술의 혁신을 기할 수 있어 안정적 직파 재배 기술을 확립할 수 있을 것으로 보인다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
• /
• 2002.07a
• /
• pp.90-95
• /
• 2002

벼농사의 노력과 비용을 최소화하기 위한 한 방법으로서 직파 기술이 이용되고 있으며 2001년 직파재배 면적은 건답직파 30,000㏊, 담수직파 42,800㏊로 담수직파 재배면적이 전체 직파재배 면적의 58%를 차지하고 있다. 담수 직파작업의 파종은 대부분 동력살분무기를 이용하고 있으나 파종균일도가 낮고 송풍에 의한 최아종자의 싹이 손상되는 문제에 의해 입모율이 떨어지는 문제점이 있다. (중략)

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.39 no.5
• /
• pp.512-518
• /
• 1994

One of most laborious work in rice farming is transplanting of rice seedling which has been required preparation of nursury bed and care of seedling during one month period. In this research, direct seeding in dry paddy(DS) was practiced to compare with traditional tansplanting(TP) in Suwon and Milyang. Growth stages in DS were delayed as its planting time was about 36 days later than TP. Heading stage of DS at Suwon was delayed about 15 days as compared to transplanting culture. Rice yield in DS was decreased 8.2%(Suwon) and 0.11%(Milyang), repectively. Working-hour saving in DS was about 34.0%(Suwon) and 54.0%(Milyang). Production cost of DS was decreased 19%(Suwon) and 29% (Milyang), repectively. Amount of rice production per a unit working-hour in DS could incresed 37%(Suwon) and 113%(Milyang) compared to that of TP, respectively. Therefore, DS was decreased little in rice yield, but it could save working hour and production cost, significantly. Warm region like Milyang had more advantage in DS than Suwon. But, DS needs varietal selection for better emergence in low temperature, and more research in weed control and water management.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
• /
• v.13 no.6
• /
• pp.241-244
• /
• 2005

This study was carried out to compare growth characteristics, and extract and crude saponin contents of 4-year-old ginseng cultured by direct seeding and transplanting cultivation at several farms of the main producing district, Geumsan and Eumsung. Though root weight per plant of direct seeding cultivation was lower than that of transplanting cultivation, but yield of the former was higher than that of the latter owing to high rate of survival plant and Leaf Area Index. Dry matter partitioning ratio of direct seeding cultivation was high in primary root and low in secondary root because direct seeding cultivation elongated the length of primary root, while it suppressed the growth of secondary root. Ratio of rusty root was decreased in condition of direct seeding cultivation, while the contents of extract and crude saponin were lower than that of transplanting cultivation.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.36 no.2
• /
• pp.141-144
• /
• 1997

Studies were conducted to investigate the incidense of insect pests in transplanted and direct seeded paddy fields in southern region of Korea. Population dencities of the rice green leafhopper (RGLH: Nephotettix cincticeps Uhler) and rice leaffolder (RLF: Cnaphalocroch medinalh Guenee) were higher in machine transplanted than in direct seeded, but the brown planthopper (BPH: Nilaparvata lugens Stal) and smaller brown planthopper (SBPH: Laodelphax striatellus Fallen) were abundant in direct seeded. However, no significant difference was found between machine transplanted and direct seeded fields in the incidense of rice stem borer (RSB: Chilo suppressalis Walker), whiteback planthopper (WBPH: Sogatella furcifera Horvath), and rice stem magot (RSM: C'hlorops oryzae Matsumura). Occurrence of rice key pests were affected more by transplanting time than other cultural practices. Later transplanting induced higher populations of BPH, WBPH, SBPH, RGLH. However, RSB and RLF caused higher damage in earlier transplanted paddy field.