• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.97-106
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• 2022

In this study, H&E staining is necessary to distinguish cells. However, dyeing directly requires a lot of money and time. The purpose is to convert the phase image of unstained cells to the amplitude image of stained cells. Image data taken with FPM was created with Phase image and Amplitude image using Matlab's parameters. Through normalization, a visually identifiable image was obtained. Through normalization, a visually distinguishable image was obtained. Using the GAN algorithm, a Fake Amplitude image similar to the Real Amplitude image was created based on the Phase image, and cells were distinguished by objectification using MASK R-CNN with the Fake Amplitude image As a result of the study, D loss max is 3.3e-1, min is 6.8e-2, G loss max is 6.9e-2, min is 2.9e-2, A loss max is 5.8e-1, min is 1.2e-1, Mask R-CNN max is 1.9e0, and min is 3.2e-1.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.106-117
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• 2023

The social impact of hazardous and noxious substances from marine industrial facilities was evaluated, and implications for the application of social impact assessment items and methods required in the process of setting technology-based effluent limitations were derived. The scope of the study was based on marine industrial facilities in Incheon Metropolitan City. The analysis results are as follows. First, the impact on companies and industries was evaluated as "great," but large companies had little impact on operating profit losses, bankruptcy possibilities, and employment losses, while small and medium-sized companies had a large impact. Second, the impact on the community and economy was evaluated as "less," but it is judged that careful policy intervention is needed because the impact of fishing producers, local tourism workers, and the region can be concentrated and large. Third, it is judged that items and methods for calculating social loss costs and social benefits can be usefully applied in the method of setting technology-based effluent limitations.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.30-37
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• 2023

The PSCB girder bridge is a closed cross-section in which the top and bottom flanges and the web are integrated, and the structural characteristics are generally different from the bridges in which the girder and the floor plate are separated, so a maintenance plan that reflects the characteristics of the PSCB girder bridge is required. As a result of analyzing damage types by collecting detailed safety diagnosis reports of highway PSCB girder bridges, most of the deterioration and damage occurring during use is concentrated on the top flange. In particular, cracks in the bridge direction on the underside of the top flange occurred in about 70 % of the PSCB girder bridges to be analyzed, and these cracks were judged to be caused by indirect loads such as heat of hydration and drying shrinkage rather than structural cracks caused by external loads. In order to improve durability and reduce maintenance costs of PSCB girder bridges in use, it is necessary to control restraint drying shrinkage cracks from the design stage. Therefore, in this paper, the cracks caused by drying shrinkage under restraint, which is the main cause of cracks under the flanges of the top part of the PSCB girder bridge, were directly calculated using the Gilbert Model, and the influencing factors such as the amount of reinforcing bars, diameter and spacing of reinforcing bars were analyzed. As a result of the analysis, it was found that the crack width caused by restraint drying shrinkage exceeded the allowable crack width of 0.2 mm for reinforcing bars with a reinforcing bar ratio of 0.01 or less based on the H16 reinforcing bar and a reinforcing bar with a diameter greater than H19 based on the reinforcing bar ratio of 0.01. Finally, based on the results of the crack width review, a method for controlling the crack width of the top flange of the PSCB girder bridge was proposed.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.7 no.9
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• pp.289-296
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• 2017

Anger cause heart disease and domestic violence and recently there have been an increasing number of media reports of crimes committed because of their inability to control their anger. Anger has been reported to cause massive financial losses due to heart disease and domestic violence. Therefore, since anger raises serious social problems and social costs, it is necessary to take active intervention methods to alleviate inappropriate anger coping. A variety of methods such as cognitive and emotional approach, psycho-mechanical approach, psycho-educational approach, relaxation therapy, cognitive behavior-art therapy, and stress immunization are being explored and utilized for presenting effective anger-coping intervention alternatives. In this manner, information and communication technology is likely to be used as an effective means for this, and various researches are being conducted. The purpose of this study is to develop an anger coping service technology using ICT (Information & Communication Technology) technology as an effort to improve anger coping ability. In other words, the goal is to develop a technology that delays anger and evokes the surroundings by providing location-based services to recognize anger situations and facilitate anger. This research is about the technology which intervene directly the anger situation to resolve it using location information and introduce the base technology to realize it.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2021.06a
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• pp.116-116
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• 2021

자연 하천에서의 부유사 농도 계측은 주로 재래식 채집방식을 활용한 직접계측 방식에 의존하여 비용과 시간이 많이 소요되며 점 계측 방식으로 고해상도의 시공간 자료를 측정하기엔 한계가 존재한다. 이러한 한계점을 극복하기 위해 최근 위성영상과 드론을 활용하여 촬영된 다분광 혹은 초분광 영상을 통해 고해상도의 부유사 농도 시공간분포를 측정하는 기법에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 하지만, 다른 하천 물리량 계측에 비해 부유사 계측 연구는 하천에 따라 부유사가 비균질적으로 분포하여 원격탐사를 통해 정확하고 전역적인 농도 분포를 재현하기는 어려운 실정이다. 이러한 부유사의 비균질성은 부유사의 입도분포, 광물특성, 침강성 등이 하천에서 다양하게 분포하기 때문이며 이로 인해 부유사는 지역별로 다양한 분광특성을 가지게 된다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 이러한 영향을 고려한 전역적인 부유사 농도 예측 모형을 개발하기 위해 실내 실험을 통해 부유사 특성별 고유 분광 라이브러리를 구축하고 실규모 수로에서 다양한 부유사 조건에 대한 초분광 스펙트럼과 부유사 농도를 측정하는 실험을 수행하였다. 실제 부유사 농도는 광학 기반 센서인 LISST-200X와 샘플링을 통한 실험실 분석을 통해 계측되었으며, 초분광 스펙트럼 자료는 초분광 카메라를 통해 촬영한 영상에서 부유사 계측 지점에 대한 픽셀의 스펙트럼을 추출하여 구축하였다. 이렇게 생성된 자료들의 분광 다양성을 주성분 분석(Principle Component Analysis; PCA)를 통해 분석하였으며, 부유사의 입도 분포, 부유사 종류, 수온 등과의 상관관계를 통해 분광 특성과 가장 상관관계가 높은 물리적 인자를 규명하였다. 더불어 구축된 자료를 바탕으로 기계학습 기반 주요 특징 선택 알고리즘인 재귀적 특징 제거법 (Recursive Feature Elimination)과 기계학습기반 회귀 모형인 Support Vector Regression을 결합하여 초분광 영상 기반 부유사 농도 예측 모형을 개발하였으며, 이 결과를 원격탐사 계측 연구에서 일반적으로 사용되어 오던 최적 밴드비 분석 (Optimal Band Ratio Analysis; OBRA) 방법으로 도출된 회귀식과 비교하였다. 그 결과, 기존의 OBRA 기반 방법은 비선형성을 증가시켜도 좁은 영역의 파장대만을 고려하는 한계점으로 인해 부유사의 다양한 분광 특성을 반영하지 못하였으며, 본 연구에서 제시한 기계학습 기반 예측 모형은 420 nm~1000 nm에 걸쳐 폭 넓은 파장대를 고려함과 동시에 높은 정확도를 산출하였다. 최종적으로 개발된 모형을 적용해 다양한 유사 조건에 대한 부유사 시공간 분포를 매핑한 결과, 시공간적으로 고해상도의 부유사 농도 분포를 산출하는 것으로 밝혀졌다.

• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.65-70
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• 2023

Nanoimprint lithography (NIL) has attracted much attention due to its process simplicity, excellent patternability, process scalability, high productivity, and low processing cost for pattern formation. However, the pattern size that can be implemented on metal materials through conventional NIL technologies is generally limited to the micro level. Here, we introduce a novel hard imprint lithography method, extreme-pressure imprint lithography (EPIL), for the direct nano-to-microscale pattern formation on the surfaces of metal substrates with various thicknesses. The EPIL process allows reliable nanoscopic patterning on diverse surfaces, such as polymers, metals, and ceramics, without the use of ultraviolet (UV) light, laser, imprint resist, or electrical pulse. Micro/nano molds fabricated by laser micromachining and conventional photolithography are utilized for the nanopatterning of Al substrates through precise plastic deformation by applying high load or pressure at room temperature. We demonstrate micro/nanoscale pattern formation on the Al substrates with various thicknesses from 20 ㎛ to 100 mm. Moreover, we also show how to obtain controllable pattern structures on the surface of metallic materials via the versatile EPIL technique. We expect that this imprint lithography-based new approach will be applied to other emerging nanofabrication methods for various device applications with complex geometries on the surface of metallic materials.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2020.06a
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• pp.401-401
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• 2020

최근 전 세계적으로 기후변화로 인한 자연재해가 빈번하게 발생하고 있으며, 우리나라 역시 해마다 가뭄과 홍수 등의 피해가 큰 실정이다. 특히 가뭄으로 인한 피해는 농업분야와 직결되어 있으며, 미래식량과 물안보에 영향을 미친다. 최근에는 국내 물관리일원화 정책에 따른 통합물관리 시행으로 수요관리에 의한 물이용 효율성이 물관리 기본원칙으로 포함되어 있어, 농업용수 분야의 물절약 필요성과 중요성은 더욱 증대되고 있는 실정이다. 농업농촌부문 가뭄대응 종합대책의 일환으로 2016년부터 농업용수 이용자 측면에서 물절약 실천을 유도하기 위한 물절약 교육 모델의 개발과 농업인 대상 시범교육이 실시되고 있으나 일부 지역에만 단발성 사업으로 제한적으로 추진되고 있는 실정이다. 따라서 물절약 교육 및 홍보사업을 보다 체계적이고 광법위하게 적용하여 농업 현장에서의 가시적인 물절약 성과를 도출하기 위한 노력이 요구된다. 이에 대한 일환으로 본 연구에서는 물절약 교육 콘텐트 개발 및 현장 교육에 반영하기 위하여 농업인 대상 물절약 의식과 행동실천 여부에 대해 조사를 실시해 보았다. 포항 및 영덕지역의 한국농어촌공사 관할지구 내 농업용수 이용자 중 수리시설감시원(이하 '수감원') 100여명을 대상으로 설문조사로 파악해 보았다. 설문에 참여한 수감원들은 대부분 65세 이상의 고령으로 농업에 오랜 기간 종사한 경험의 소유자로서 소규모 농업경영이 주를 이루었다. 대부분 농사기간동안 물부족 경험이 있었으며, 모내기 및 벼생육기 강우조건에 따라 물부족을 경험한 것으로 파악되었다. 이로 인해 설문 참여자들의 물절약 필요성에 대해서는 높은 공감대를 나타내었으며, 특히 농업인 대상 물절약 교육의 필요성에 대해서 매우 높은 공감대를 나타내었다. 농업인의 물과다 사용 및 물꼬관리 부실 등 필지단위 물관리 부실에 대해서도 상당히 인정하는 편이었으며, 이러한 농업인의 관행적인 물관리 행태에 대해서 변화를 유도할 수 있는 수리계조직 부활을 통한 농업인 물관리 직접 참여 등의 대안이 필요하다는 의견에 대해서도 긍정적이었다. 또한 농업인 용수이용에 대한 비용 부담에 대해서도 다소 긍정적인 의견도 제시되었다. 본 연구 결과로 농업인의 적극적인 물관리 및 물절약 참여를 이끌어 낼 수 있는 실현가능한 관련 제도 마련의 필요성과 체계적이고 지속적인 물절약 교육 및 홍보 정책 추진의 필요성이 제기된다.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.33 no.7
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• pp.574-585
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• 2023

Sarcopenia is a leading cause of increased medical and nursing care costs among the elderly. In Korea, preventive measures for sarcopenia are mostly targeted toward the general elderly population without specific diseases. However, it is also necessary to implement measures for elderly individuals living in nursing homes and hospitals, where the prevalence of sarcopenia is high. Currently, computed tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging are considered standard diagnostic tools. However, their complexity and time-consuming nature make them unsuitable for clinical use. The exact pathophysiological mechanisms of sarcopenia are unclear, as they involve various molecular biological pathways, including decreased exercise, protein and nutrient intake, changes in testosterone and growth hormone, and inflammation. Sarcopenia symptoms can lead to several diseases, such as osteoporosis, fractures, dementia, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Vitamin B deficiency is a significant factor in sarcopenia induction, with B vitamins being directly involved in energy and protein metabolism and nerve function. Vitamin B deficiency can lead to neuromuscular and neurogenic disorders, which often overlap with sarcopenia. Suboptimal intake of B vitamins, malabsorption, and anorexia are common among the elderly. This study aims to provide information on the role of water-soluble B vitamins in preventing and controlling muscle mass loss and deterioration among the elderly with sarcopenia. In addition, we discuss the potential of myokines from the B vitamin family in modulating sarcopenia.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.361-369
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• 2007

Uncomfortable odor emitted from air conditioning system is the main cause of indoor air quality deterioration. To solve evaporator odor problems, odor active compounds, have to be identified then the quality of the product can be improved its quality. Because evaporator odor in exhaust gas has low odor intensity and discontinuity, it is very difficult to collect and analyze sample. In this study through the identification of odor compounds in condensed water, the evaluation of the eraporator was tested. Odor compounds were extracted from water by headspace-solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) method. The single odor was separated by GC/FID/Olfactometry (GC/FID/O) and odor active compounds were identified by GC/AED and GC/MS. Compared to air sample, result of sensory evaluation and the single odor compound appeared similarly. It was identified that odor active compounds have functional group containing oxygen such as alcohols and acids. Evaluation method of odor active compounds using condensed water in evaporator appeared effective on the side of simplicity of collection, low expanse and rapid analysis.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.29 no.2D
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• pp.245-253
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• 2009

Road facility is the most fundamental infrastructure for traffic and various information for smooth traffic is included in road surfaces. Various information included in road surfaces should be often removed and reinstalled by partial damage and aging. In addition, the existing road surface information should be removed in order to mark new information as traffic information changes. The existing road surface removal method suing grinders and torches had problems such as dangerous working equipment and workers' direct exposure to cars. In addition, although water-jet system using super high-pressure water was used to remove road surface in order of improvement of traditional method, there are another problems such as limitations according to water-tanks and water frost on the road surfaces after work. Therefore, this study analyzes and suggests systems to develop prototype after analyzing dry ice blaster in order to improve the current road surface removal methods. In addition, the study analyzes the possibility of introduction of dry ice blaster through a test for proposing an automatized equipment for new road surface mark removal considering environment and work efficiency, and compare traditional method with introduced dry ice blaster for operating cost.