• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.379-390
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• 2015

Multibeam backscatter strength is dependent not only on seafloor sediment facies but also on changed incidence angle due to the actual bottom slope. Therefore, the correction for actual bottom slope should be considered before the analysis of backscatter strength. This paper demonstrates the backscatter correction technique for the actual incidence angle and ensonified area. The target area is a part of the eastern Yellow Sea with water depths of 46~55 m. The area is located between the sand ridges and covered by large dunes with various bottom slopes. The dunes usually have the gentle slopes of about $1{\sim}3^{\circ}$, but show some steep slopes of $5{\sim}15^{\circ}$ on the crest. The backscatter strength values on the crest range from -34 to -23 dB, assuming that the bottom is flat. However, this study shows that the backscatter strength range was somewhat reduced (-32~-25 dB) after correction for actual bottom slope. In addition, the backscatter imagery was significantly improved; high and low backscatter strength values on the crest due to the actual bottom slope were normalized. The results demonstrate that the correction technique in this study is an effective tool for processing backscatter strength.

• Agrochemical news magazine
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• v.22 no.9 s.172
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• pp.18-21
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• 2001

• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.88-97
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• 2011

We present a method for modelling the terrain response of gravity gradiometry surveys utilising an adaptive quadtree mesh discretization. The data- and terrain-dependent method is tailored to provide rapid and accurate terrain corrections for draped and barometric airborne surveys. The surface used in the modelling of the terrain effect for each datum is discretized automatically to the largest cell size that will yield the desired accuracy, resulting in much faster modelling than full-resolution calculations. The largest cell sizes within the model occur in areas of minimal terrain variation and at large distances away from the datum location. We show synthetic and field examples for proof of concept. In the presented field example, the adaptive quadtree method reduces the computational cost by performing 351 times fewer calculations than the full model would require while retaining an accuracy of one E$\"{o}$tv$\"{o}$s for the gradient data. The method is also used for the terrain correction of the gravity field and performed 310 times faster compared with a calculation of the full digital elevation model.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.89-102
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• 2024

Land Surface Phenology (LSP) plays a crucial role in understanding vegetation dynamics. The near-infrared reflectance of vegetation (NIRv) has been increasingly adopted in LSP studies, being recognized as a robust proxy for gross primary production (GPP). However, NIR v is sensitive to the terrain effects in mountainous areas due to artifacts in NIR reflectance cannot be canceled out. Because of this, estimating phenological metrics in mountainous regions have a substantial uncertainty, especially in the end of season (EOS). The topographically corrected NIRv (TCNIRv) employs the path length correction (PLC) method, which was deduced from the simplification of the radiative transfer equation, to alleviate limitations related to the terrain effects. TCNIRv has been demonstrated to estimate phenology metrics more accurately than NIRv, especially exhibiting improved estimation of EOS. As the topographic effect is significantly influenced by terrain properties such as slope and aspect, our study compared phenology metrics estimations between south-facing slopes (SFS) and north-facing slopes (NFS) using NIRv and TCNIRv in two distinct mountainous regions: Gwangneung Forest (GF) and Odaesan National Park (ONP), representing relatively flat and rugged areas, respectively. The results indicated that TCNIR v-derived EOS at NFS occurred later than that at SFS for both study sites (GF : DOY 266.8/268.3 at SFS/NFS; ONP : DOY 262.0/264.8 at SFS/NFS), in contrast to the results obtained with NIRv (GF : DOY 270.3/265.5 at SFS/NFS; ONP : DOY 265.0/261.8 at SFS/NFS). Additionally, the gap between SFS and NFS diminished after topographic correction (GF : DOY 270.3/265.5 at SFS/NFS; ONP : DOY 265.0/261.8 at SFS/NFS). We conclude that TCNIRv exhibits discrepancy with NIR v in EOS detection considering slope orientation. Our findings underscore the necessity of topographic correction in estimating photosynthetic phenology, considering slope orientation, especially in diverse terrain conditions.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.273-284
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• 2002

The Gravity-Geologic Method (GGM) was implemented for bathymetric determinations in the Drake Passage, Antarctica, using global marine Free-air Gravity Anomalies (FAGA) data sets by Sandwell and Smith (1997) and local echo sounding measurements. Of the 6548 bathymetric sounding measurements, two thirds of these points were used as control depths, while the remaining values were used as checkpoints. A density contrast of 9.0 gm/㎤ was selected based on the checkpoints predictions with changes in the density contrast assumed between the seawater and ocean bottom topographic mass. Control depths from the echo soundings were used to determine regional gravity components that were removed from FAGA to estimate the gravity effects of the bathymetry. These gravity effects were converted to bathymetry by inversion. In particular, a selective merging technique was developed to effectively combine the echo sounding depths with the GGM bathymetiy to enhance high frequency components along the shipborne sounding tracklines. For the rugged bathymetry of the research area, the GGM bathymetry shows correlation coefficients (CC) of 0.91, 0.92, and 0.85 with local shipborne sounding by KORDI, GEODAS, and a global ETOPO5 model, respectively. The enhanced GGM by selective merging shows imploved CCs of 0.948 and 0.954 with GEODAS and Smith & Sandwell (1997)'s predictions with RMS differences of 449.8 and 441.3 meters. The global marine FAGA data sets and other bathymetric models ensure that the GGM can be used in conjunction with shipborne bathymetry from echo sounding to extend the coverage into the unmapped regions, which should generate better results than simply gridding the sparse data or relying upon lower resolution global data sets such as ETOPO5.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.28 no.3D
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• pp.407-415
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• 2008

This study presents the methodology to link with aerial photos for advancing the accuracy of topographic survey data that is used to calculate water volume in urban stream. First, GIS spatial interpolation technique as Inverse Distance Weight (IDW) and Kriging was applied to construct the terrain morphology to the sand-bar and grass area using cross-sectional survey data, and also validation point data was used to estimate the accuracy of created topographic data. As the result of comparison, IDW ($d^{-2}_{ij}$, 2nd square number) in Sand-bar area and Kriging Spherical model in grass area showed more efficient results in the construction of topographic data of river boundary. But the differences among interpolation methods are very slight. Image classification method, Minimum Distance Method (MDM) was applied to extract sand-bar and grass area that are located to river boundary efficiently and the elevation value of extracted layers was allocated to the water level point value. Water volume with topographic data from aerial photos shows the advanced accuracy of 13% (in sand-bar) and 12% (in grass) compared to the water volume of original terrain data. Therefore, terrain analysis method in river linking with aerial photos is efficient to the monitoring about sand-bar and grass area that are located in the downstream of Dam in flooding season, and also it can be applied to calculate water volume efficiently.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.1236-1241
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• 2009

농공단지 조성사업은 농공단지 조성에 따른 기업유치로 지역주민의 농외소득증대를 도모하여 고용효과는 물론 수도권 및 대도시권 공업과밀지역 공장이전을 촉진하여 도시인의 농촌유입 유도 및 농촌거주자의 이촌을 억제하여 이 지역 주민의 소득제고와 제천지역 인구증가 및 지역경제 활성화를 도모하는데 그 목적과 필요성이 있다. 농공 단지조성은 지형여건, 토지이용의 효율성, 공사비 등을 고려하여 활용 가능한 지구계를 최대한 확보토록 한다. 따라서 이러한 지역의 지형공간분석을 위해서는 GIS 기반의 다양한 매핑과 공간 분석을 입체적으로 접근하여 현황을 상세히 파악하고 단지조성으로 인한 주변 환경의 변화와 더불어 홍수나 여러 자연재해에 대응할 수 있는 정책 및 계획이 재검토 되어져야 한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 대상지의 상세한 지형분석 및 모델링을 통하여 사전에 위험요소를 제거하고 그에 대응한 시스템을 강구하도록 하였다. 그 결과, 이곳의 농공단지의 부지조성공사에 따른 우기 시에는 토사유출이 예상되므로, 우수 유출량 및 토사유출량에 따른 재해영향에 대한 저감대책을 수립할 수 있는 방안을 도출하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Association of Geographic Inforamtion Studies Conference
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.110-115
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• 2010

국토 모니터링 시스템은 국토와 관련된 변화 및 갱신자료 등을 수집하여 각종 국토 관련 정책수립에 필요한 자료를 제공하면서 국토관리를 체계적, 효과적으로 수행하도록 돕는 체계를 의미한다. 그러나 현실적으로 변화정보를 체계적으로 모니터링 하거나 관리할 수 있는 시스템 환경은 구축하지 못하고 있는 것이 현실이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 국토 모니터링을 위한 지형 변화 모니터링 시스템의 설계방안을 개발하고 이를 구축하고 운영하여 보는데 그 목적이 있다 지형변화 모니터링 을 위한 주요 설계 방안은 UFID를 이용하도록 하고, 수치지도 기반에서 지형 변화 모니터링 시스템을 설계하여 운영하여 보도록 한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2005.11b
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• pp.739-741
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• 2005

최근 게임에서 자주 등장하기 시작한 랜덤 지형 맵 생성기법으로 인해 단순한 경로 찾기가 아닌 지형분석을 통한 복잡한 경로 찾기 문제가 많은 관심을 받고 있다. 이에 로보틱스 분야에서 경로 찾기에 이용되는 가시성그래프(Visibility Graph, Vgraph)가 지형분석과 경로 찾기를 동시에 해결할 수 있는 방법으로 제안되고 있다. Vgraph를 이용하면 지형의 로드맵을 효과적으로 생성할 수 있을 뿐 아니라 A* 알고리즘과 결합하여 최적의 경로를 찾는 것을 보장하는 장점이 있다. 그러나 Vgraph에 의해 구해진 경로는 장애물의 정점에서 정점으로 이동하기 때문에 항상 장애물의 모서리를 향해 움직이며 벽에 붙어가는 듯이 보여 부자연스러운 것이 단점이다. 본 논문에서는 설계자가 요구하는 여유공간 c만큼 장애물을 확장하여 확장된 장애물에 대해 가시성그래프를 생성함으로써, Vgraph의 장점은 유지하며 단점을 보완할 수 있는 방법에 대해 제안한다.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.19-26
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• 2011

복잡지형에서의 풍력단지 CFD 모델링을 통한 시뮬레이션 결과가 이 논문에 주어졌다. 이 연구를 위하여 작은 산(오름)들로 둘러싸인 제주도 성산 풍력단지가 선택되었고, 두 개의 주풍향에 대하여 ANSYS CFX로 시뮬레이션 하였다. 격자생성을 위하여 실제 지형데이터가 사용되었고, 풍력발전기와 복잡지형으로부터 발생하는 후류효과를 예측하기 위하여 SST 난류모델 및 액추에이터 디스크 모델이 적용되었다. 그 결과, 성산 풍력단지 주변에 있는 작은 산 및 풍력발전기에서 발생하는 후류의 영향은 3~7 km 계속된다고 예측되었다. 또한 그 후류는 풍속 및 난류강도에 상당한 영향을 미치고 있다고 예측되었다.