• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.328-336
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• 2009

This study aims to figure out the first-class geomorphic resources included in Yeongyang map sheet. The fieldwork shows that the first-class geomorphic resources are found mainly along the Banbyeoncheon(incised meander) and The Soojungsa(temple) valley that retain beautiful landscapes such as river cliff(including river bluff), water fall, pot hole. tafoni, canyon Such geomorphic resources are highly concerned with Bulguksa intrusive rocks (Cretaceous). Especially The Seonbawi and The Namipo(Yeongyang county), The Punghojung and its vicinities (Cheongsong county), and The Soojungsa(temple) valley are important in viewpoint of story telling tour marketing.

• The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.109-121
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• 2010

Mt. Mudeung is located in Gwangju city, Damyang-Gun, Hwasun-Gun and its round form give us the mood of soft and rich. Its location is $126^{\circ}06'-127^{\circ}01'E$ and $35^{\circ}06'-35^{\circ}10'N$ and its highest peak is Cheonwang-bong with the height of 1,187 m. The Gwangju city is located in the West of Mt. Mudeng and the mountain range with a small basin in its East. The pavilion such as the Soswaewon, Songganjeong, Sigyongjeong are distributed along the stream in the north of Mt. Mudeung. The mountain is formed from the volcanic activity, Gwangju cauldron during the Cretaceous. The top part of Mt. Mudeung is composed of dark gray quartz-andesite and its K-Ar whole rock age is $48.1{\pm}1.7Ma$. The composition of the north area, where the Wonhyosa temple is located, is micrographic granite, whereas the composition of south area is rhyolite mainly. The main ridge of Mt. Mudeung runs from North, starting from the Bukbong, to south, passing Cheonwangbong, Jangbuljae and ending Anyangsan. Geologic feature of the mountain includes volcanic landform, mountaineous landform, and stream landform. The Seosukdae, Ipseokdae, Gyubongam, which are main ridges and formed from volcanic activity, are composed of mainly columnar joint. Saeinbong and Majipbong in the south-west are composed of mainly cliff and dome. The typical erosion landform of the mountain has three different types of the weathering-cave, each of which reflect the property of the original rock. Four different area of wide block stream, they makes the geological feature of spring-water, though its scale is small compared to that of water fall.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.79-91
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• 2019

This study analyzed the distribution of fluvial landforms, fault-related geomorphic features and lineaments around the area of Ungchon-Ungsang in the Dongrae Fault, and discusses the charateristics of geomorphic development based on those. As a result, the NE-SW lineaments are predominantly developed in many numbers within the study area, and the NW-SE or N-S secondary lineaments are developed induced by multiple deformation with the Yangsan Fault. Geomorphologically, the early tectonic history of the Ungchon-Ungsang basin is largely divided into three stages ; 1) the Tertiary fault activity and formation of fracture zone, 2) development of erosional basin, 3) local crustal movements and development of fault-related topography. It is assumed that alluvial fans, deflected channel and stream piracy were formed by local tectonic movements related to faultings during the Quaternary.

• Defense and Technology
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• no.7 s.257
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• pp.62-69
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• 2000

적들과 마찬가지로 로마인들은 가능한 곳에서는 적보다 높은 지형에 위치함으로써 중요한 이점을 얻으려고 노력하였다. 이러한 위치 선정은 화기의 사거리를 신장시켰고 충격을 가하는 데에 소요되는 육체적인 노력을 감소시킴으로써 충격시의 효과를 증가시켰다. 그리고 칼과 창을 사용하는 것을 용이하게 하였다. 항상 그랬던 것은 아니었지만 통상적으로 케사르는 그의 정예 대대들을 레지온의 첫번째 열에 배치하여 전투의 최초 충격으로부터 최대한의 결과를 얻으려고 하였다.

• Journal of the Speleological Society of Korea
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• v.45 no.46
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• pp.33-47
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• 1996

동굴이 휴양명소로 자리잡아 감에 따라 동굴에 대한 관심이 늘어나고 있는 때에 우리나라에 분포하고 있는 동굴의 구조적 특성을 밝히는 것은 중요한 일이다. 본 연구의 목적은 우리나라에 분포한 동굴을 유형별로 분류하고, 그 중 대표적인 석회동굴과 화산동굴의 구조적 특성을 밝히는 것이다. 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 우리나라에는 260개 이상의 동굴이 분포하고 있는데, 강원도와 충청북도 지방에 75％ 이상이 집중되어 있으며, 이것은 이들 지역이 우리나라의 지체구조사 옥천지향사에 해당하는 곳이어서 석회석이 발달한 때문이다. 둘째, 우리나라의 동굴은 성인상으로 분류하면 석회동굴 ·화산동굴 ·해식동굴 ·저리굴 등으로 나눌 수 있는데, 석회동굴이 가장 많고, 화산동굴은 제주도에 주로 분포한다. 셋째, 동굴지형면에서 석회동굴은 이차 생성물의 성장으로 인해 다양한 볼거리를 제공하는 반면에, 제주도의 화산동굴은 규모면에서 세계적이라는 것이 특징이고, 몇몇 동굴에서는 해안가 패사류의 퇴적으로 인해 석화동굴에서만 볼 수 있는 이차 생성물이 발달된 곳도 있다. 마지막으로 동굴생물적 측면에서는 동굴의 깊이가 클수록 진동굴성 동물이 비교적 많이 발견된다. 또한 본토의 석회동굴과 제주도의 화산동굴 내에 분포하는 동굴생물은 다소 그 종류에서 차이가 나타나고 있다. 특히 제주도의 화산동굴에는 그곳에만 독특하게 사는 동굴생물들이 발견되어 종의 이름에 ‘제주도...’ 라고 명명하는 것이 특징이다.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.1-12
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• 2012

The aim of this study is to reevaluate the elements of Gokungugok in geomorphic perspective to discover the geosite of DMZ Geopark in Gangwon-do. The perception for the landscapes contained in Gokungi and Gokungukok-ga is similar to today's geomorphic elements. The most frequent geomorphic landscape shown in Gokungukok is ripple-pool system, and follow after falls and bedrock stream bed. The potholes along the granite bedrock of 3rd and 4th sites accentuate the beauty of Gokungugok. Between 1st and 3rd sites are very long section, and there are many beautiful sceneries, but between 7th and 9th sites is very short section and there are no distinct geomorphic landscapes. After a historical review for the position of 'Seolbeokwa', 'Mangdangi' and 'Beokuiman' called by Dasan Jeong Yak Yong, there is necessary to establish the name and the position of New Gokungugok. Because Gokungugok consists of the beautiful geomorphic landscapes and is well preserved, it can be suggested that it is a suitable geosite.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.99-108
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• 2012

To consider geomorphological and geological characteristics to Gatbawi(the 500th natural monument), it was investigated with the aspect of scale, form, mineralogy, chemistry and weathered state. Showing typically erosional features, micro-terrains as sea cliffs, sea notches, marine plateaus and tafoni developed well on coastal areas near the monument. Sea cliffs are vertical and form sea notches in their bases. Coastal terraces are 3.5m in width and 20m in trace. Tafoni are honey combed. The monument is mainly composed of quartz, plagioclase, microcline, biotite, sericite in mineral and corresponded to crystalline tuff dominated in quartz and plagioclase. It has 23.60~28.27 wt.% of $Al_2O_3$, 3.27~5.80 wt.% of $Na_2O$, and 0.11~0.20 wt.% of Cl in chemical contents, leveling higher than those of earth crust standards. It is considerably weathered on the basis of CAI(77.42~83.93%). The monument is very useful for natural perspective tourism and education. Therefore, it is necessary that several ideas as guide plates, observing telescope, explaining guider, education programs connected with related services, touring goods, picture for books on utilization on the monument must establish.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.1042-1046
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• 2006

지석천 중하류는 영산강의 제1지류로서 전라남도의 화순을 가로지르는 국가하천 구간이다. 이 구간(대초천 합류점${\sim}$화순천합류점)의 하천경사는 약 1/640 이며, 하천주변에는 충적평야가 발달해 있다. 이와 같은 하도의 하상재료는 자갈/모래의 혼합사가 분포하는 것이 일반적인 특성이지만, 2005년 현재 선격자법에 의한 조사결과 평균입경$(d_{50})$은 8cm 전후의 작은호박돌/매우굵은자갈로 구성되어 있는 특이성을 보이고 있다. 문헌에 따르면 1978년 하상재료의 평균입경은 $1.59{\sim}2.23cm$로서 20여년동안 하상재료는 매우 조립화되고, 하상은 장갑화되었음을 확인할 수 있었다. 이러한 현상은 지석천 유역의 농업화와 도시화에 따른 하도정비 및 유황의 변화에 기인한 것으로 여겨진다. 본 연구에서는 항공사진 분석 및 현장조사를 통하여 하천지형학적 변화와 사주의 식생피복상태의 변화에 대한 분석을 수행하여 하도특성변화를 정량적으로 분석하고자 하였다. 결과적으로 지석천에서 하천의 역동성이 크게 감소함으로써 다지형(망상) 하도로 하도선형이 변화하고, 식생사주의 면적이 확대되었으며, 하상저하가 발생함을 확인하였다.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.109-120
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• 2014

This study is an analysis on gravel and sand of sand-gravel bar that stretches variously in the Duchon stream basin, which is one of Hong-Cheon River(a well-developed sand-gravel bar in upstream river)'s upper stream basin. The purpose of this study was to understand the characteristic of the stream's topographic development that variously occur in the small basin by comparing the differences between the aspects of development and the sediment of sand-gravel bar in each section and by examining the transition of sediments moving from upstream to downstream. Through the analysis on the roundness and flatness of gravel, we observed an irregular trend following the increase in supply of granite gravel and gneiss gravel as we traveled downstream. As for the aspect of change in sand's grain size, the overall ratio of medium-coarse sand was very high, but the results showed no big difference in the change following the inflow of stream from the main stream section to the gneiss and granite zone.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.42 no.3 s.120
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• pp.368-387
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• 2007

In order to explain geomorphological characteristics of the Korean Peninsula, it is necessary to understand the spatial distribution of tectonic movements and its causes. Even though geomorphological elements which might have been formed by tectonic movements(e.g. tilted overall landform, erosion surface, river terrace, marine terraces, etc.) have long been considered as main geomorphological research topics in Korea, the knowledge on the spatial distribution of tectonic movement is still limited. This research aims to identify the spatial distributions of tectonic movement via sequential analyses of Digital Elevation Model(DEM). This paper first developed a set of terrain analysis techniques derived from theoretical interrelationships between tectonic uplifts and landsurface denudation processes. The terrain analyses used in this research assume that elevations along major drainage basin divides might preserve original landsurfaces(psuedo-landsuface) that were formed by tectonic movement with relatively little influence by denudation processes. Psuedo-landsurfaces derived from a DEM show clear spatial distribution patterns with distinct directional alignments. Lines connecting psuedo-landsufaces in a certain direction are defined as psuedo-landsurface axes, which are again categorized into two groups: the first is uplift psuedo-landsurface axes that indicate the axis of landmass uplift; and the second is denudational psuedo-landsurface axes that cross step-shaped pusedo-landsurfaces formed via surface denudation. In total, 13 axes of pusedo-landsurface are identified in the Korean Peninsula, which show distinct direction, length, and relative uplift rate. Judging from the distribution of psudo-landsurfaces and their axes, it is concluded that the Korean Peninsula ran be divided into four tectonic regions, which are named as the Northern Tectonic Region, Center Tectonic Region, Southern Tectonic Region, and East Sea Tectonic Region, respectively. The Northern Tectonic Region had experienced a regional uplift centered at the Kaema plateau, and the rate of uplift gradually decreased toward southern, western and eastern directions. The Center Tectonic Region shows an arch-shaped uplift. Its uplift rate is the highest along the East Sea and the rate decreases towards the Yellow sea. The Southern Tectonic Region shows an asymmetric uplift centered a line connecting Dukyu and Jiri Mountains in the middle of the region. The eastern side of the Southern Regions shows higher uplift rate than that of the western side. The East Sea Tectonic Region includes south-eastern coastal area of the peninsula and Gilju-Myeongchun Jigudae, which shows relatively recent tectonic movements in Korea. Since this research visualizes the spatial heterogeneity of long-term tenonic movement in the Korean peninsula, this would provide valuable basic information on long-term and regional differences of geomorphological evolutionary processes and regional geomorphological differences of the Korean Peninsula.