• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.17-29
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• 2000

본 연구는 지하횡단보도 이용시 계단에서 나타나는 보행자 특성에 관한 연구로써, 교차로에서 횡단보도와 지하보도에서 보행자의 편의성을 정량화한 것이다. 지하보도 계단에서의 보행자특성에 관한 연구, 즉 속도, 밀도와 보행자교통량에 관한 연구는 비디오촬영을 통하여 수집한 자료를 분석하였다. 지하보도나 횡단보도 횡단시 이동 거리, 소요시간, 소요에너지는 보행자특성 분석에서 나온 결과와 직접 시설을 조사한 자료를 이용하여 비교하였다. 주요 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 지하보도 계단에서 보행자 속도는 상향이동시의 평균속도는 37.7m/분(또는 0.67m/초)이고, 하향이동시의 평균속도는 46.7m/분(또는 0.77m/초)으로 나타났다. 둘째, 평균 이동거리는 단순횡단의 경우 지하보도는 119m이고, 횡단보도는 78m이다. 대각횡단의 경우 지하 보도는 161m이고, 횡단보도는 111m이다. 평균 소요시간은 단순횡단의 경우 지하보도는 125.6초이고, 횡단보도는 111.3초로 나타났다. 대각횡단의 경우 지하보도는 162.3초이고, 횡단보도는 178.8초로 나타났다. 평균 소요에너지는 단순횡단의 경우 지하보도는 20.2kcal이고, 횡단보도는 4.7kcal이다. 대각횡단의 경우 지하보도는 23.5kcal이고, 횡단보도는 6.6kcal이다. 단순횡단시 지하보도가 횡단보도보다 이동거리는 평균 1.5배 더 길고, 시간은 평균 1.2배 더 소요되고, 에너지는 평균 4.5배가 더 소요된다. 대각횡단시 이동거리는 평균 1.5배 더 길고, 소요시간은 비슷하고, 에너지는 평균 3.5배 더 소요되었다. 본 연구는 기존의 교차로나 가로구간에 지하보도만 설치되어 있는 지점에 횡단보도의 설치여부에 관한 정책결정을 하는데 도움이 될 수 있을 것이다.

• Electric Engineers Magazine
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• v.174 no.2
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• pp.28-31
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• 1997

1967년 지하상가 개통이래 지하철 건설과 연계하여 지하보도, 상가의 개발이 본격화되었으며 이용 목적도 지하보도, 상가의 단순 기능뿐만 아니라 생활공간으로 확대되고 있다. 이와 같은 개발은 국가적인 차원에서 종합적 계획과 검토가 요구된다.

• Journal of the Korea Construction Safety Engineering Association
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• s.21
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• pp.39-49
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• 1996

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture Conference
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• 1999.03a
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• pp.68-69
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• 1999

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.129-134
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• 2013

This study is to search for improvement of Pedestrian Environment through User Satisfaction on Underground Public Pedestrian Facility. Development of large scale underground spaces has been increased by urban multi-dimensional. However, concern for practical users is in lack because the aim of the development is to obtain profit. Thus, this study have tried to find consideration of architectural factors of underground public pedestrian facility in Yeongnam province for pedestrians. Also, the study have tried to find improvement for the architectural factors depending on an evaluation index of pedestrian environment and satisfaction of the practical users.

• Magazine of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.70-76
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• 2002

지하철, 고속철도, 신공항, 공동구, 지하보도, 지하차도, 하수도, 도로 및 철도 등 의 지하구조에는 일반적으로 박스형태의 콘크리트 구조물이 건설되고 있다. 1990년 대 중반 이후 시공 및 사용중인 지하 박스 콘크리트 구조물의 균열 및 누수 등의 문제점이 사회적인 문제로 부각되기 시작하였다. 이러한 지하 박스 콘크리트 구조물에 발생할 수 있는 문제점은 크게 결함(defect), 손상(damage), 열화(deterioration)의 3가지로 구분될 수 있으며, 이들 원인은 구조물에 균열(cracking), 누수(leakage), 처짐(deflection), 부동침하(settlement) 재료분리(segregation) , 박리(delamination), 부식(corrosion), 박락(spalling)등의 현상으로 나타난다.(중략)

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.891-894
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• 2008

This study was performed to investigate how to design, where to construct, why to degrade, what plan to use systematically the underground structures such as underpass, underground passageways. About 50% of the underground structures are located on Seoul, Kyungi-Do. In design of the underground structures such as underpass, underground passageways, the required conditions are defined. And also in construction stage, the conditions of soil, required structure depth, site characteristics, reasonable construction method, are investigated. In the selection of details for underground structure, the items mainly considered, are the wall and column type, the sidewalk type, anchoring-system type, the water-proofing method, entranc shape. The reason and the adequate measures for the degradation of concrete structure are also investigated. The initial cracking properties due to the thermal characteristic are considered. The state of the art report on the new technologies are reviewed. The recent project for the systematically application to the underground structures is reviewed.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.123-133
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• 2010

The national standards for the installation of pedestrian crosswalks prohibits installation of crosswalks within 200 meters of nearby overpasses, underpasses, or crosswalks. In case the exceptional installation is required, the feasibility study is to be thoroughly conducted by the local police agency. However, it is an undeniable fact that the specific installation standards for optimal types and locations of crosswalks are not yet to be established. This paper examines the development of traffic accident prediction model applicable to different types and locations of bus stops(type A and type B) at mid-block intersections. Furthermore, it develops the poisson regression model which sets the "number of traffic accidents" and "traffic accident severity" as dependent variables, while using "traffic volumes", "pedestrian traffic volumes" and "the distance between crosswalks and bus stops" as independent variables. According to the traffic accident prediction model applicable to the type A bus stop location, the traffic accident severity increases relative to the number of traffic volumes, the number of pedestrian traffic volumes, and the distance between crosswalks and bus stops. In case of the type B bus stop model, the further the bus stop is from crosswalks, the number of traffic accidents decreases while it increases when traffic volumes and pedestrian traffic volumes increase. Therefore, it is reasonable to state that the bus stop design which minimizes the traffic accidents is the type C design, which is the one in combination of type A and type B, and the optimal distance is found to be 65 meters. In case of the type A design and the type B design, the optimal distances are found to be within range 60~70meters.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.48
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• pp.211-230
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• 2009

This study aims to trace the main tendency found in Korean broadcasting news coverage of terror throughout the kidnapping of Sun Il Kim. For this purpose, this study analyzed the contents of 386 news stories found in KBS, MBC, and SBS. Through this process, it investigated the main theme and source found in the coverage of kidnapping. In addition, it analyzed how the press described Al Tawhid Al Jihad, known as the organization who kidnapped Mr. Kim and how well the press transmit the social, historical background of terror. As a result, the dominant theme found in three news company was that which dealt with investigations about suspicions about kidnapping and suspicions related to the kidnapping. However, the voice against dispatching armed forces and the demand of terrorist were seldom found in the coverage. The news sources which three broadcasting news depended on heavily was governmental officials and the media including Al Jazeera was also main source. The description of Al Tawhid Al Jihad by the press was somewhat negative and the expression 'militarized forces' were found mostly. The news which announced the social, historical background of terror were minimal, which indicated that the coverage of terror in Korean broadcasting was still episodic.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.327-336
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• 2013

Approximately 70% of the Korean peninsula is composed of mountains, around 99,274 $km^2$. Even worse, population rate of Korea is the No.3 in the world now. Accordingly, it is necessary to develop the potential underground space actively with the concept of another territory to be utilized. The development of underground space should be considered not a choice but an indispensable issue. Since 1970s, many large-scale underground structures have been constructed like as crude-oil storage bins, liquefied petroleum gas storage caverns, and underground pumped storage powerplants. Also, In urban area, the underground facilities such as subway networks, underground shopping mall, underground pedestrian network, electric power tunnels, and car parking lots have been used extensively. The scale of Yeosu oil and gas underground storage facility and Seoul subway systems are one of the massive scale in the world. Recently, the trend of the development of underground space becomes more diverse and larger scale. The current status of Korean underground space developments and strategy are described in this paper.