• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.6-8
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• 1991

The study was carried out to investigate the effect of ethrel (2-chloroethylphosophonic acid, 39%) on the graftages quality. Ethrel was sprayed 5 days interval from October 10 to October 30 at 6 places (Suwon (I), (II), Chungju, Kongju, Wanju, Jangsong). Spraying conentration was 1, 000 ppm (400 times dilution). 1. Spray took 3.3 hrs and 500 m of ethrel on 10a eara. 2. The passed rate of graftages decreased 5-8% on the treatments earlier spray than on October 20. 3. New shoot length and number of shoot of the ethrel treatments were the same as the natural leaf falling.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.91-111
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• 2001

This study was conducted in order to develop inter-local cooperation strategies between the City of Incheon, in Korea, and three provinces in northeastern China. We begin with a description of the history of and prospects for trade between Korea and China, an explanation of the current economic status of Incheon, statistics on the economy, trade and investment trends in the region, and information on the ports of the three Chinese provinces. The following strategies are suggested for inter-local cooperation based on the current circumstances. First, cooperative industrial strategies and economic investment for promoting the mutual concerns and interests of China and Korea were developed. Second, a practical way of utilizing the Incheon Industrial Park located in Dandong, China, was devised to stimulate industrial and investment cooperation. Third, a method of building a network among major ports in Korea and other Northeast Asian port cities was developed. Fourth, an international logistics transportation system that makes connection between sea, land and air easier through logistics standardization was suggested in preparation fur the changing environment of logistics brought about by the opening of the new Incheon International Airport. Fifth, methods of Improving port facilities are suggested. And, finally, the role and necessity of the Incheon City Interchange Center in executing inter-local cooperation strategies is described.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.527-536
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to predict changing traffic environments and related economic effects by reflecting the changed KTDB and socio-economic indicators pertaining to Mulgeum station, a general railway stop, when it is confirmed as a KTX stop. To analyze the data of this study, socioeconomic indicators and the general status of transportation facility operations were investigated with reference to related statistical data, centered on the country overall and on Yangsan city in particular. In addition, we investigated and referenced the railroad facility construction plan and train operation plan, which are national high-level plans related to land development and transportation network construction. Currently, there are only ITX trains (4 times/day) and Mugunghwa trains (29 times/day) that stop at Mulgeum station in Yangsan, meaning that passengers cannot use KTX trains in the Yangsan area. In particular, the need for a KTX stop at Mulgeum station has been continuously raised because train users in the Yangsan area have inconvenient transportation in that they must travel 40 minutes to Ulsan station or 30 minutes to Gupo station to use the KTX. As a result of analyzing railroad transportation demand that will change in the future as the KTX stop at Mulgeum station is confirmed, the number of passengers boarding and arriving at Mulgeum station is predicted to be 1,674 passengers/day by 2025. In addition, the numbers of train passengers that are converted from Ulsan and Gupo stations due to the stop at Mulgeum station are predicted to be 594 passengers/day boarding and 562 passengers/day arriving by 2025. In the future, if Yangsan citizens use the KTX Mulgeum station, the access time to Mulgeum station can be shortened to 22 minutes from 65 minutes, and it is predicted that the inconvenience of transferring between railroads will be resolved, with the waiting time for transfers reduced by up to a maximum of 40 minutes. Therefore, the economic effect of creating a KTX stop at Mulgeum station was analyzed to be B/C=1.823 when general railroad operating costs are not taken into account and B/C=2.127 when general railroad operating costs are considered. In conclusion, when using KTX trains to visit the Seoul Metropolitan Area, it takes 2 hours and 43 minutes to use Mulgeum station without using Ulsan station or Gupo station, which is considered to be very effective for reducing travel times and improving the economic feasibility of this development; it is also expected that Yangsan city will be able to improve accessibility and mobility to the Seoul Metropolitan Area by breaking free from the disgrace of being a remote location given its link to KTX in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.92-101
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• 2007

Urban freight system includes not just intra-urban freight movement but also inter-urban movement as well. Hence, to make Busan a hub of North-east asia freight movement it is necessary to develop a comprehensive plan for infrastructure expansion as well as improvement of freight system based on the present facility situation. This study identifies the status of freight facilities in Busan by establishing the freight related infrastructure Database(DB) utilizing Geographic Information System(GIS), and to enable planners and decision-makers to utilize the DB to develop a future plan. The DB includes port facilities, major and minor arterial roads, railroad lines and facilities, depots, center city business areas, and urban infrastructures which are related to the freight movements. The analyses show that major transportation facilities in Busan consist of roads, railroads, coastal transportation, and international transportation, and it was found that intermodal facilities are inadequate for freight system in Busan. The results of this study will be useful for freight experts and planners to develop a comprehensive freight system plan.

• International Area Studies Review
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.53-78
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• 2016

This study is to analyze the effects of both the bilateral FTA and a home and its trade partner's FTAs on the trade with 62 country-pair panel data over the period of 2003-2013 using the gravity model and the spatial autoregressive model. First, the study analyzes how the bilateral FTAs affect the trade using the gravity model and the spatial model. Next, the article analyzes how the home and its trade partners' FTAs affect their trade using only the spatial model under controlling the bilateral FTA. The empirical results are summarized as the followings: first, the spatial mode fits well more than the gravity model in analyzing the relationship between the bilateral FTA and trade. It implies that the spatial spillover effect of FTA is important in the international trade with FTA. Second, the bilateral FTA plays a role in expanding the trade between or among the FTA members as proved by the previous studies. Third, the more the home and its trade partners' FTAs, the more the bilateral trade are extended. Fourth, with the bilateral FTAs, as the home and its trade partners enter into more FTAs, the bilateral trade reduces due to trade diversion effects. In conclusion, this study provides a political implication that in order to increase the trade volume, a country enters into as many FTAs as possible because the effects of the bilateral FTAs would decrease.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 한국정보과학회 2008년도 한국컴퓨터종합학술대회논문집 Vol.35 No.1 (D)
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• pp.307-312
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• 2008

최근 전기 전력 도메인의 IT화 (전력 IT) 가 본격적으로 진행되면서 전기 데이터를 취득하기 위한 기기들 뿐만 아니라 전력 운영 환경이 변화를 도모하고 있다 본 논문에서는 이런 전력 IT 의 일환으로 개발된 지능형 전력 정보 모니터링 시스템 (K-WAMS)을 소개하고자 한다. 이 시스템은 이기종 분산 환경에서 전력 정보를 실시간으로 전송 받아 현재 전력계통의 상황을 직관적으로 판단할 수 있는 정보를 제공하여 광역 정전을 예방하고자 하는 조기경보시스템 (Early Warning System) 이다. 또한, 전력계통의 안정성 여부를 판단하는 지능형 에이전트의 구현을 통해 광역 정전을 예견하는 지수를 제공하고, 실시간 데이터 처리 및 이력 데이터 저장 에이전트들을 통해 현재 취득되고 있는 현장 데이터 모니터링 기능을 제공한다. K-WAMS 는 실시간으로 전송 처리되는 고속 대용량 데이터들의 처리 지연, 동적 환경으로 인한 네트워크의 부하문제를 해결하기 위해서 IPC Shared Memory 기법을 이용하였고, 동적 프로세스들의 작업 스케줄링을 관리하기 위한 IPC Message Queue 기법을 이용하였다. 또한 논리적 기능 기반으로 설계된 현재 중앙 급전소(GCC) 단위의 설계 모델은 향후 지역 급전소(RCC) 단위로 설치 될 경우 재사용 되어 개발 생산성을 향상시킬 것으로 예상된다.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.103-115
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• 2008

The purposes of this study are to understand characteristic water-rock interaction mechanisms of groundwater in the granite area of Geochang and Hapcheon areas, Gyeongnam-do and to clarify the origin of fluoride. The possible water-rock interaction process and the source of fluorine were studied using water chemistry, rock chemistry, mineralogy by XRD, and microtexture analysis by backscattered electron image of the electron microprobe. No clear relationships between F and hardness was found. But the fluorine content increases to some extent with pH and well depth. Preferential alteration due to water-rock interaction took place along edges or cleavage, or margins of biotite. Because biotite is highly subject to alteration in granite aquifer, fluorine in groundwater is originated from the leaching of biotite.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.285-291
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• 1991

Sulfur dioxide discharged from the factories in Yeochun industrial complex severely damaged to the growth of oyster mushrooms. The continuous monitoring indicated that high concentration of sulfur dioxide was repeatedly detected in Kwang-Yang and Seung-Ju. The first injury symptoms on the mushroom fruit bodies were observed a day later when sulfur dioxide was detected over 300 ppb. Under the high concentration of sulfur dioxide exposure, the young fruit bodies showed blight and sudden death and the mature fruit bodies turned to blue-brown and frequently progressed to blight. The symptoms at Spring cropping were more severe than those at Autumn cropping. The severity was associated with the frequency of sulfur dioxide monitored. However, sulfur content in the mushroom fruit bodies and culture media did not show clear differences between the injured mushroom from Yeochun industrial complex areas and normal ones from no damaged areas.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.41-56
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• 2016

China is pushing a policy called China's Western Development in order to balance the continent's development level. They are connecting the rich natural resources of the mid-western areas and the capital of the eastern coastal areas of China. Since Korea depends on China the most for trade, it is necessary for Korea to always consider the trade scale and pattern changes of China. Response to changes in the transport and logistics system between the two countries is also demanded. This study aims to analyze the import and export trends between Korean and Chinese provinces of each item from the trade scale point of view. China's global trade routes reorganization and China's western development are considered and the corresponding direction is presented accordingly. The study also suggests strategies to expand the import and export scale with China based on the analysis.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.241-248
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• 2008

We studied concentrations of trace elements such as iron, zinc, copper, lead and cadmium in three shorebird species from Saemankeum mudflat, Korea$(1999{\sim}2000)$, and also analysed correlations between elements in livers. Iron(ANOVA, p=0.018), copper(ANOVA, p=0.043), lead(ANOVA, p=<0.001) and cadmium (ANOVA, p=0.016) concentrations significantly differed among shorebird species, but zinc concentrations wasn't different among species. We suggested that iron, zinc, and copper concentrations were within a range for normal and are maintained by normal homeostatic mechanisms for wild birds. Lead concentrations in Great Knots Calidris tenuirostris$(5.76{\pm}2.14{\mu}g/dry\;g)$ were at the background level but Red-necked Stints Calidris ruficollis$(29.4{\pm}10.6{\mu}g/dry\;g)$ and Terek Sandpipers Xenus sinereus$(15.9{\pm}11.9{\mu}g/dry\;g)$ were within the exposed level for wild birds. In particular, Red-necked Stints were nearly poisoned level. Cadmium concentrations in Terek Sandpipers and Great Knots were at the background concentration, but Red-necked Stints were greater than the poisoned level$(3{\mu}g/dry\;g)$. We found significantly correlations between lead and cadmium concentrations, but other elements didn't find.