• 기본간호학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.270-279
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• 2007

Purpose: In this study, the effects of meridian massage and hand massage on the affected upper extremity of patients with a stroke were identified. Method: A nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design was used. Participants were 84 (Experimental. 1: 28, Experimental. 2: 28, Control.: 28) patients with a stroke who were hospitalized in K oriental medical center. Experimental treatment for patients in experimental group 1 was the meridian massage for 10 minutes daily for 2 weeks, and for those in experimental group 2, hand massage for 2 minutes, 30 seconds each, daily for 2 weeks. Outcome variables were upper extremity function (grip power, shoulder pain, edema, ROM), ADL, and depression. Data were analyzed using SPSS PC+ version. Results: The score for upper extremity functions and ADL were significantly higher in experimental group 1 who had meridian massage than for experimental group 2 or the control group. Experimental group 1 showed less depression than experimental 2 or the control group. Conclusion: Meridian massage can be an effective nursing intervention to improve upper extremity function and ADL, and to decrease depression in patients stroke who have had a stroke.

• 멤브레인
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.320-328
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• 2004

본 연구에서는 ionomer와 여러 가지의 유기화물로 처리된 MMT type의 clay를 이용하여 ionomer-clay 하이브리드 막을 용융삽입법으로 제조하였다. Twin extruder를 사용하여 clay를 ionomer에 분산시켰으며, 제조된 ionomer-clay 하이브리드에서 clay의 특성피크가 완전히 박리되거나 이동하는 XRD 결과로부터 clay의 층간거리가 넓어지는 고분자의 clay 층간삽입을 확인하였다. Clay의 종류에 따라서 제조된 ionomer-clay 하이브리드 막의 가스투과도, 기계적 물성 및 열적 성질을 측정하였다. ionomer-clay 하이브리드 막은 clay 자체의 도입과 층간거리의 확대로 기체분자의 tortuosity를 증가시켜서 가스투과도를 저하시키는 것을 확인하였다.

• 로봇학회논문지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.365-372
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to improve robotics education in public education. This study was conducted with 157 secondary school teachers regardless of their gender, age and majors. The results are as follows: First, 68.2% of the respondents (81.2% of the STEM(Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics)-related teachers) thought that robotics education should be included in public education because it will be a very important area in the future. Second, 73.3% of respondents (89.3% of the STEM-related teachers) agreed that robotics education will be worth teaching as a regular subject. The most important reason was that they thought the robots would be an excellent tool to initiate their class participation and increase their study motivation. Third, the results from this survey showed that the technology teachers would be the best suitable instructors for robotics education. Lastly, teachers felt a great deal of burden to teach robotics although they thought robotics education was necessary. In order to implement robotics education in public school, teachers think it is necessary to take professional training. In addition, teachers should be supported with the reduction in their workload along with sufficient fundings, educational robots such as LEGO MINDSTORMS, and newly designed teaching materials.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1991년도 추계학술대회 논문집 학회본부
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• pp.237-240
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• 1991

In this paper, silicon oxynitride(SiON) films were chemically deposited by 193 nm Excimer laser irradiated parallel to the substrate. the laser pulse energy was 80 mJ, repetetion rate was 80 Hz and the laser average power was 6.4 watt, the gas ratio of $N_2O/NH_3$ was 0.75, the substrate temperature was $300^{\circ}C$, and the chamber pressure was 2 torr. And then, the interface state density($N_{ss}$) was characterized by DLTS(Deep Level Transient Spectroscopy). In addition, the capture cross section($\sigma$) and activation energy(${\Delta}E$) was also obtained. The resulting Nss values were $5.5{\times}10^{10}-3.2{\times}10^{11}(eV^{-1}cm^{-2})$, $\sigma$ was $6.64{\times}10^{-20}-2.114{\times}10^{-17}(cm^2)$, the ${\Delta}E$ of two peaks were $8.93{\times}10^{-2}$(eV), 0.375(eV).

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1991년도 추계학술대회 논문집 학회본부
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• pp.241-244
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• 1991

In this paper, we introduced Silicon Oxynitride films deposited by Laser CVD, and evaluated the electrical breakdown of these films by TZDB(Time Zero Dielectric Breakdown) and TDDB(Time Dependent Dielectric Breakdown) test. In addition, high frequency C-V test was done in order to calculate hysterisis and flatband voltage(before and after electric field stress). Failure times against eletric field are examined and electric field accelation factor $\beta$ are obtained, and long term reliability was also described by extrapolating into life time in the operating voltage(5V). In this experiments, the deposited films with increased temperature represented small flatband voltage, hysterisis and favorable breakdown characteristics, this is why the hydrogen in the film was decreased and the film was densified, long term reliability was good in the laser CVD SiON films.

• 한국정보과학회 언어공학연구회:학술대회논문집(한글 및 한국어 정보처리)
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• 한국정보과학회언어공학연구회 1995년도 제7회 한글 및 한국어 정보처리 학술대회
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• pp.211-214
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• 1995

At what level of orthographic representation is phonology linked in thelexicon? Is it at the whole word level, the syllable level, letter level, etc? This question can be addressed by comparing the two scripts used in Korean, logographic Hanmoon and alphabetic/syllabic Hangul, on a task where judgements must be made about the phonology of a visually presented word. Four experiments are reported using a "homophone decision task" and manipulating the sub-lexical relationship between orthography and phonology in Hanmoon and Hangul, and the lexical status of the stimuli. Hangul words showed a much higher error rate in judging whether there was another word identically pronounced than both Hangul nonwords and Hanmoon words. It is concluded that the relationship between orthography and phonology in the lexicon differs according tn the type of script owing to the availability of sub-lexical information: the process of making a homophone derision is based on a spread of activation exclusively among lexical entries, from orthography to phonology and vice versa (called "Orthography-Phonology-Orthography Rebound" or "OPO Rebound"). The results are explained within the mulitilevel interactive activation model with orthographic units linked to phonological units at each level.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제30권10호
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• pp.829-837
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• 1993

Chemically and geometrically homogeneous mixing of Si3N4 powders with sintering additives(YAG, 3Y2O3$.$5Al2O3) was attempted via coprecipitation method. X-ray dot maps for the additive elements(Al and Y) showed that the additives are evenly distributed in the powder mixture prepared by coprecipitation method(CP). TEM observation of the coprecipittion-treated Si3N4 powders revealed that they are covered with extremely fine crystallites of additive. The shift in isoelectric point(IEP) of Si3N4 powders from pH 6.7 to pH 7.9 after coprecipitation mixing gave another evidence for coating of Si3N4 powders with YAG additives. SIMS analysis for composition on the surface and in the matrix of mixed powders showed that the YAG additives are highly enriched on the surface of coprecipitation-treated Si3N4 powders. Especially when a small amount of additive was used, the effect of homogeneous additive distribution on densification was preceptible: After pressureless-sintering of powder compacts containing 5 mol% YAG at 1800$^{\circ}C$ for 0.5h, a sintered density of 96.5% theoretical was obtained from the specimens prepared bycoprecipitation in comparison with 93.8% from the mechanically-mixed one.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.51-58
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to examine residents' perception and needs for storage according to the family life cycle. In order to achieve our goal, the questionnaire survey is used. We sample the questionnaire surveys of 250 apartment households in Seoul. The data collect by the questionnaire survey was analyzed by examining the frequency, percentage on the SPSS/PC+ Statistics package. The results of the study are obtained as follows: 1) In research on the actual storage condition, residents tend to feel constraint on storage of the season goods and the storage satisfaction on the service area is founded lowest. Therefore, it is needed more efficient space plan on the balcony storage and the interior storage for the season goods. 2) In research on the storage consciousness and attitude, residents tend to keep the goods of no use and prefer to arrange neatly rather than use conveniently. Therefore, it is needed more efficient space in the balcony for the storage of the goods of no use and the colsed furniture rather than the open furniture is suited for arrangement. 3) In research on the storage needs, needs for the built-in furniture in all family life cycle show highly and residents want to a space for the exclusive use of the storage. In a solution, we propose to equip with the interior storage and the exterior cooperative storage

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1991년도 하계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.155-157
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• 1991

This paper describe a Laser CVD technology which realizes planarized interlevel dielectrics in sub-micron VLSI's. This technology comprises sub-micron gap filling with $SiO_2$ films between metal lines. Laser CVD process conditions have been investigated to improve step coverage of interlevel dielectrics. An ArF(193nm) Excimer Laser was used to excite and dissociate gas phase $SiH_4\;and\;N_2O$ molecules. The Laser CVD by $N_2O\;and \;SiH_4$. mixture gases has realized conformal deposition above the temperature of $300^{\circ}C$, as a result sub-micron gaps were buried with $SiO_2$ films.

• 한국재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국재료학회 2003년도 춘계학술발표강연 및 논문개요집
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• pp.217-217
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• 2003

W-Cu 합금은 우수한 전기적, 열적 특성으로 인하여 열소산재료(Heat sink)로 많이 응용되고 있다. 첨단 전자부품 이외에도 핵융합로의 Diverter가 그 예로서, 내부는 고강도와 고융점의 특성을 요구하는 반면, 외부는 높은 열전도성을 필요로 한다. 그래서 동일한 조성의 일반적인 W-Cu 합금보다 W과 Cu의 조성이 점차적으로 변화하는 경사기능재료(Functionally Graded Materials)가 냉각효율이 클 것으로 기대된다. 현재, W-Cu FGM에 대한 많은 연구가 진행되고 있지만, 그 조성이 연속적으로 변화하는 W-Cu FGM에 대한 연구는 전무한 실정이다 본 연구에서는 방전플라즈마 소결장치(Spark Plasma Sintering System)와 용침고정을 이용하여 연속적인 조성변화를 갖는 W-Cu FGM을 제조하고 그 특성에 관해 분석하고자 하였다. 소결체가 밀도 변화를 갖게 되도록 제작한 특수 경사기능 몰드에 W분말을 장입한 후, 15㎬의 압력하에서 SPS를 이용하여 W소결체를 제조하였다. 제조된 W소결체는 수평관상로에서 수소분위기 하에 Cu 용침을 실시하여 W-Cu FGM을 제조하였다 SEM을 이용한 각 위치별 조직관찰과 Image Analyzer를 이용한 W과 Cu의 면적비, 그리고 비커스경도계에 의한 경도 측정을 실시하였다. 또 열기계적 분석기를 이용하여 측정된 선팽창률로부터 열팽창계수를 구하였다. 80$0^{\circ}C$에서 ？칭하는 반복적인 싸이클을 통해 열충격시험을 실시하였고, Laser flash method로 열확산계수를 측정하였다.