• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
• /
• v.50 no.1
• /
• pp.73-90
• /
• 2015

This article focuses on geo-institutional differentiation and a multi-scalar analysis of emerging capitalist development in Laos. It discusses the impact of the Greater Mekong Subregion on new institutional economic and economic geographical arrangements. It demonstrates the usefulness of the varieties of Asian capitalism approach. The rubber industry was chosen to unravel emerging but various sub-national institutional arrangements linked to higher scale levels. Rubber is a growing agribusiness industry throughout the country, led by the insatiable demand from China. Overall, this study shows that the capitalist development of the rubber industry features much geo-institutional differentiation, due to the different strategies of Chinese, Thai and Vietnamese investors. Since Laos is still in transition from a state-led economy to something else, it is impossible at this to identify the exact number capitalisms. Yet, the evidence on rubber clearly lays bare the presence of multiple institutional arrangements. Without more inclusiveness, however, the implications for regional development are worrying. Exclusive arrangements will most likely lead to more uneven regional development and higher regional inequality. To refine theories on sub-national varieties of capitalism in developing countries it is instructive to consider more explicitly the notion of regional personal capitalisms and the complex interplay between national and regional states and relationships between capital accumulation and livelihood analyses.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
• /
• v.45 no.2
• /
• pp.240-255
• /
• 2010

This empirical study researched the three major phenomena of differentiation of housing market under the large scale of new town construction in the metropolitan area, the spatial differentiation pattern of housing market due to the urban growth, and the relationship with the distribution of housing submarket and suburbanization. Yongin City, one of the most active growth cities among the metropolitan areas, is optimal place to investigate the spatial differentiation pattern of the housing submarket on the microscopic scale. Furthermore, Yongin City has not only the geographical benefit but also the strong influences from institutional, social, and environmental changes. This city is divided into four housing submarkets, where to Gangnam and Boondang, Gyeongbu and Youngdong expressway has significant effects. In addition, the housing tenure and size, household structure, educational background and income levels and so on also resulted in the differentiation of the housing submarket.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
• /
• v.51 no.2
• /
• pp.235-253
• /
• 2016

China has been developing a new auto industry growth plan since 2004. In line with this initiative, China actively adopted its policy favoring foreign companies' investment which had a competitive edge over their technologies and manufacturing methodologies. To meet this demand in policy and market change, many foreign auto companies and their parts' manufacturers including Korean auto companies joined this stream. Policy change favoring higher technologies applicable in China requested auto companies' swift adaptation to meet the policy requirements by higher technologies with innovation and introduction of those foreign technologies to China. The spatial (excellence) strategy was followed by the increase in its efficiency and competiveness of each region, which were materialized by or in the form of; Firstly, strategic partnership with China auto companies and encouragement of Korea auto parts manufacturing companies to set up its own factories in China. Secondly, modularization and platform sharing strategy by applying enhanced technologies. Thirdly, strategic utilization of China local government's incentive policies. As production management methodology, JIS was adopted all across the board to meet the on-demand market requirements in the manufacturing processes. Auto part manufacturers had been integrated regionally based on forward linkages and modules. As a result, regional-specific auto industry complexes have been made in the places such as Beijing-Hyundai in the north, Dongfeng-Yueda-Kia in the south, common auto parts at central area like Qingdao, and other parts and raw materials in the vicinity of Shanghai.

• Korea and Global Affairs
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.153-176
• /
• 2017

중국 경제성장에 핵심적 역할을 해왔던 광동성(廣東省) 동관시(東?市)는 지리적으로 근접해 있는 홍콩을 이용하여 줄곧 경제발전을 추구해 왔다. 1980년대 초반은 홍콩으로부터 가전산업 관련 중소 다국적 기업이 동관지역에 진출하여 생산 공장을 세우고, 그 후 1990년 중반에는 대만의 PC제조업체의 진출이 잇따르면서 현재 동관에는 정보통신산업과 PC부품 및 전자산업 중심으로 지역 산업클러스터가 발전해 왔다. 동관시 산업클러스터 사례는 개혁개방이후 중국 제조업 산업의 발전뿐만 아니라, 글로벌 시대에 해외직접투자와 아시아지역 후-후발산업국가에서의 지역경제의 성장 및 산업발전과정의 연구에 대한 이론적 시사점을 줄 수 있는 지역적 사례 중의 하나다. 본 연구는 광동성 동관시 지역산업클러스터의 사례를 중심으로 이론적으로는 지역산업발전의 내생적 성장요인 분석(NMID) 혹은 글로벌 생산네트워크와의 외부적 연계성을 기초로 하는 산업의 지역적 분화(GPN)에 대한 이 두 관점을 상호 비교하고, 글로벌 생산체계에서 공간적으로 현재 동관시 지역이 가지고 있는 산업클러스터의 위치와 역할을 설명하였다. 또한 산업적인 측면에서 생산네트워크 접근틀과 제도적 역량이라는 이론적 관점을 활용하여 중국 동관시 지역산업과 기업들이 보유하고 있는 상대적 경쟁력을 분석하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
• /
• v.45 no.3
• /
• pp.390-413
• /
• 2010

Facing reconfiguration of world economic order in the process of globalization and changes in domestic economic and social conditions, Japan has experienced a rapid inflow of foreign immigrants and hence a restructuring of labor market and ethic and cultural mixture. This paper explores contexts of inflow and social and spatial characteristics of immigrant workers in Japan. Uneven regional development on the global level and shifting to flexible accumulation regime, depletion of previously underutilized labor resource, better-educated youth and shrinking and aging of Japanese populace on the national level can be pointed out as important elements of immigration contexts. This paper also explains the hierarchizaton of labor market and differentiation of spatial distribution of immigrant workers in Japan in terms of visa condition and nationality. In particular, focusing on the case of Hiroshima prefecture, this paper analyzes residential differentiation of immigrants according to their nationality. Finally, it finds out some problems which immigrant workers have confronted in Hiroshima region.