• Journal of KIISE:Databases
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.451-463
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• 2003

Recently, there have been various research efforts to develop strategies for accelerating OLAP operations on huge amounts of spatio-temporal data. Most of the work is based on multi-tree structures which consist of a single R-tree variant for spatial dimension and numerous B-trees for temporal dimension. The multi~tree based frameworks, however, are hardly applicable to spatio-temporal OLAP in practice, due mainly to high management cost and low query efficiency. To overcome the limitations of such multi-tree based frameworks, we propose a new approach called Hilbert Cube(H-Cube), which employs fractals in order to impose a total-order on cells. In addition, the H-Cube takes advantage of the traditional Prefix-sum approach to improve Query efficiency significantly. The H-Cube partitions an embedding space into a set of cells which are clustered on disk by Hilbert ordering, and then composes a cube by arranging the grid cells in a chronological order. The H-Cube refines cells adaptively to handle regional data skew, which may change its locations over time. The H-Cube is an adaptive, total-ordered and prefix-summed cube for spatio-temporal data warehouses. Our approach focuses on indexing dynamic point objects in static spatial dimensions. Through the extensive performance studies, we observed that The H-Cube consumed at most 20% of the space required by multi-tree based frameworks, and achieved higher query performance compared with multi-tree structures.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2001.04a
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• pp.736-738
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• 2001

웹을 사용하는 사용자들의 급속도로 증가하는 서비스 요청을 신속하고 저렴한 비용으로 처리하기 위한 대응책으로, LAN 환경의 웹 서버 클러스터 구조가 각광을 받고 있다. 높은 가용성 및 확장성을 보장하는 웹 서비스를 제공하기 위해 많은 부하의 서비스 요구를 여러 서버에게 효과적으로 나누어 처리할 수 있어야 하며, 따라서 서비스 요청 패킷을 고르게 분배할 수 있는 합리적인 스케줄링 기법을 필요로 한다. ONE-IP 스케줄링 기법은 이더넷의 브로드케스트 메시지에 의해 스케줄링이 분산되도록 하는 전략을 사용함으로써, 클러스터에 유입되는 패킷의 집중화로 인해 발생할 수 있는 병목 현상(bottleneck)과 치명적인 오류(Single-point of Failure) 문제를 효과적으로 해결하였다. 그러나, 서비스를 요청하는 패킷의 발신지 주소만을 이용하는 단순한 패킷 스케줄링을 사용하기 때문에 클러스터를 구성하는 서버들 간의 부하 불균형을 가중시키며, 결과적으로 클러스터의 효율성을 저하시키는 문제점을 가지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 RR ONE-IP 기법을 제안하였다. 제안한 기법은 서버에 할당되는 부하간에 불균형이 발생하는 문제점을 해결하기 위해 TCP 연결 단위의 스케줄링 전략을 사용하였으며, 서버의 부하 정보를 이용하지 않는 RR 스케줄링 기법을 도입함으로써, ONE-IP 기법의 장점을 그대로 유지하면서 보다 나은 부하의 균등한 분배로 시스템의 처리 능력을 향상시키도록 하였다. 또한, 실험을 수행한 결과 제안한 기법이 기존의 기법에 비해 평균 3.84%의 시스템의 성능 향상을 보였으며, 과부하 발생율에서는 평균 23.5%의 감소를 가져왔음을 보였다.우 단어 인식률이 43.21%인 반면 표제어간 음운변화 현상을 반영한 1-Best 사전의 경우 48.99%, Multi 사전의 경우 50.19%로 인식률이 5~6%정도 향상되었음을 볼 수 있었고, 수작업에 의한 표준발음사전의 단어 인식률 45.90% 보다도 약 3~4% 좋은 성능을 보였다.으로서 hemicellulose구조가 polyuronic acid의 형태인 것으로 사료된다. 추출획분의 구성단당은 여러 곡물연구의 보고와 유사하게 glucose, arabinose, xylose 함량이 대체로 높게 나타났다. 점미가 수가용성분에서 goucose대비 용출함량이 고르게 나타나는 경향을 보였고 흑미는 알칼리가용분에서 glucose가 상당량(0.68%) 포함되고 있음을 보여주었고 arabinose(0.68%), xylose(0.05%)도 다른 종류에 비해서 다량 함유한 것으로 나타났다. 흑미는 총식이섬유 함량이 높고 pectic substances, hemicellulose, uronic acid 함량이 높아서 콜레스테롤 저하 등의 효과가 기대되며 고섬유식품으로서 조리 특성 연구가 필요한 것으로 사료된다.리하였다. 얻어진 소견(所見)은 다음과 같았다. 1. 모년령(母年齡), 임신회수(姙娠回數), 임신기간(姙娠其間), 출산시체중등(出産時體重等)의 제요인(諸要因)은 주산기사망(周産基死亡)에 대(對)하여 통계적(統計的)으로 유의(有意)한 영향을 미치고 있어 $25{\sim}29$세(歲)의 연령군에서, 2번째 임신과 2번째의 출산에서 그리고 만삭의 임신 기간에, 출산시체중(出産時體重) $3.50{\sim}3.99kg$사이의 아이에서 그 주산기사망률(周産基死亡率)

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.9-14
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• 2016

This study evaluated a digital locking device design using detection distance of 13.4mm of a human body sensing type magnetic field coil. In contrast to digital locking devices that are used nowadays, the existing serial number entering buttons, lighting, number cover, corresponding pcb, exterior case, and data delivery cables have been deleted and are only composed of control ON/OFF power switches and emergency terminals. When the magnetic field coil substrates installed inside the inner case detects the electric resistance delivered from the opposite side of the 12mm interval exterior contacting the glass body part, the corresponding induced current flows. At this time, the magnetic field coil takes the role as a sensor when coil frequency of the circular coil is transformed. The magnetic coil as a sensor detects a change in the oscillation frequency output before and after the body is detected. This is then amplified to larger than 2,000%, transformed into digital signals, and delivered to exclusive software to compare and search for embedded data. The detection time followed by the touch area of the body standard to a $12.8{\emptyset}$ magnetic field coil was 30% contrast at 0.08sec and 80% contrast at 0.03sec, in which the detection distance was 13.4mm, showing the best level.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.684-692
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• 2016

In the manufacturing process of the LQFP/TQFP (Low-profile Quad Flat Package/Thin Quad Flat Package), the requirement of a 3 dimensional inspection is increasing rapidly and a 3D inspection of the shape of a chip has become an important report of quality control. This study developed a 3 dimensional measurement system based on PMP (Phase Measuring Profilometry) for an inspection of the LQFP/TQFP chip and image processing algorithms. The defects of the LQFP/TQFP chip were classified according to the dimensions. The 2 dimensional optical system was designed by the dorm illumination to achieve constant light distribution, In the 3 dimensional optical system, PZT was used for moving 90 degree in phase. The problem of 2 ambiguity was solved from the measured moir? pattern using the ambiguity elimination algorithm that finds the point of ambiguity and refines the phase value. The proposed 3D measurement system was evaluated experimentally.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.474-484
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• 2016

This study was performed to identify the effects of the improvement of brain function by CST on the elderly with the 2nd or 3rd grade of long-term care insurance service. A quasi-experimental design using a nonequivalent control group, pre-post test was used. A total of 12 elders (6 in the experimental group and 6 in the control group) were recruited. Upledger CST(10-Step Protocol) was performed on each subject for 50 minutes per session, once a week, for a total of 8 treatments over an 8 week period from Jan to Feb 2015. The brain function quotient was measured before the 1st CST and after the last CST by portable EEG measurement device using a 2 Channel neuro-feedback system. The data was analyzed by SPSS (Ver. 18.0) program. After CST intervention, the attention quotient (AQ), level of tension, anti-stress quotient (ASQ), emotion quotient (EQ) and brain quotient (BQ) of the experimental group was significantly better than that of the control group. These results showed that the CST was effective in reducing the level of fatigue by the AQ, increasing the physical and psychological stress relief by the ASQ, emotional balance by the EQ, and improving the total brain function by the BQ. Therefore, CST can be used as an effective intervention for improving the health and brain function of the elderly in health facilities.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.152-158
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• 2016

Glutamate is one of the major excitatory neurotransmitters in the central nervous system of vertebrates. Human GDH (hGDH) is the enzyme that regulates the glutamate metabolism and its expression is higher in the brains of schizophrenia patients than in normal subjects. This study examined the changes in the hGDH enzymatic activity caused by antipsychotic drugs (haloperidol, risperidone, (${\pm}$)-sulpride, chlopromazine hydrochloride, melperone, (${\pm}$)butaclamol, domperidone, clozapine) related to schizophrenia. First of all, hGDH isozymes (hGDH1, hGDH2) were synthesized by genetic recombination. As a result of the enzyme assay, haloperidol, (${\pm}$)-sulpride, melperone and clozapine had an inhibitory effect on the hGDH isozymes. In addition, haloperidol showed a non-competitive inhibition against the substrate, 2-oxoglutarate. In contrast, it showed an uncompetitive inhibition against another substrate, NADH. The inhibitory effect of haloperidol on hGDH2 was abolished by the presence of L-leucine, an allosteric effector of hGDH, but by not other antipsychotic drugs. These results revealed the inhibition of enzyme activity by psychotropic drugs in hGDH isoenzymes (hGDH1 and hGDH2) and the possibility that haloperidol may be used to regulate the GDH activity and glutamate concentration in the central nervous system.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.11
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• pp.7729-7735
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• 2015

As plastic injection mold parts is suitable system mass production making mold. So thick steering wheel parts is desirable to carry out gas injection molding. Gas injection mold is skill to inject nitrogen gas postfilling melting raw material into mold. Gas injection mold have many advantage like retrenchment of material cost, upgrading the guality. etc. It was decided gate position to minimize warpage of parts analysis injection mold process using mold flow software and incase doing gas injection mold using normal p.p material. it occur big warpage. so it is object minimizing warpage of injection parts to change p.p material containing mineral 18% and removing fingering phenomenon trouble as changing gate position. Also in case carrying out gas injection mold, I did comparison and analysis to grasp shape flow in gas setting a standard gate after flowing in raw material. Through this study, I found out changing of thickness by parts shape and it can occur warpage of parts by plastic material even though it carry out gas injection mold and it had a direct influence on trouble of parts by gate position.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.11
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• pp.7761-7772
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• 2015

This study describes the spatio-temporal distributions in phytoplankton community such as species composition, standing crops and dominant species from April to November 2008 in the Jeju Marine Ranching Area (JMRA). A total of 106 species of phytoplankton belonging to 63 genera was identified. In particular, diatoms and dinoflagellates were occupied more than 61% and 35% of total species, respectively. The annual dominant species were Skeletonema costatum-like species(ls) in April, Torodinium teredo, Cylindrotheca closterium, Scrippsiella trochoidea in June, S. costatum - ls, Thalassionema nitzschioides, Pseudo-nitzschia pungens, Ebria tripartita in September and Corethron pennatum, Dictyocha fibura, Neoceratium teres in November. Phytoplankton cell density ranged between $0.6cells{\cdot}mL^{-1}$ in June and $64.0cells{\cdot}mL^{-1}$ in April. It fluctuated with an annual mean of $11.7cells{\cdot}mL^{-1}$ between the lowest value of $0.9cells{\cdot}mL^{-1}$ in November and the highest value of $37.0cells{\cdot}mL^{-1}$ by S. costatum -ls in April. Diversity index in September was higher than diatom blooming seasons in April. According to the phytoplankton community structure, the biological oceanographic characteristics of the JMRA was characterized by nanoplankton during a year. That is, primary production is deemed to have a higher possibility of being adjusted by a reproduction by material cycle in the ecosystems than nutrients supply from the lands.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.11
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• pp.7635-7647
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is modeling nursing competencies and reasoning out the core competencies, the ability for 20% of important actions for nursing jobs which can manage the rest 80% so that the competency-based nursing curriculum can be developed. A literature review of the vast studies regarding competencies was done to understand the concepts of competency-based curriculum, competency, and nursing competencies, identifying the relationships among each nursing competency categorized in accordance with those concepts. An exemplified concept map of core competencies for the competency-based nursing curriculum is suggested based on a thorough review of various competency modeling methodologies. The core competencies consist of base competency (theoretical/practical nursing knowledge and skills), practical competency (clinical judgment, patient education, communication, etc.), and personality competency (leadership, sense of responsibility, cooperation, etc.). The circular relationship among them can remain consistent through self-directed learning and critical thinking. Therefore, a nurse who have those core competencies is a knowledge worker, a self-directed learner, and also an effective, professional communicator. Further studies which solidify the concept of nursing competencies should be done, as well as the feedback procedures which evaluate the program outcomes and then reflect the evaluation results in the curriculum should be followed continuously.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.11
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• pp.7250-7255
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• 2015

The objective of this study is to experimentally investigate the heating performances of the portable air combustion heater using diesel fuel for auxiliary cabin heating of the battery electric vehicle. In order to evaluate the heating performances of the air combustion heater, the heating capacity was calculated by the temperature at inlet and outlet parts of the considered heater and the inner temperature distribution characteristics of the vehicle were measured during 1600 seconds with an interval of 1 second. The theoretical efficiency of the tested heater was calculated by temperature data of the air of supplying and exhausting to the cabin. As the air passed the heat-sink, the air temperature at the end of heat-sink reached to $101.3^{\circ}C$ and the difference of temperature on heat-sink was 67.8%. The average heating capacity of the air combustion heater showed 2.0 kW. After 1800 seconds, the inner temperature of the vehicle cabin was continuously increased. The temperatures of the top side and the bottom side of the car cabin under consideration were increased upto $42.5^{\circ}C$ and $24.3^{\circ}C$, respectively, and the theoretical efficiency of the tested heater was on average 63.7%.