• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2011.05b
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• pp.694-697
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• 2011

재즈음악의 즉흥연주(Improvisation)는, 재즈음악의 발생과 함께 발전되어 온 연주 형태의 하나이며, 재즈음악을 대표하는 상징적인 요소라고 할 수 있다. 대부분의 사람들에게 즉흥연주는 재즈의 가장 중요한 요소로써 여겨지고 있다. 재즈 음악인들은 종종 '재즈'와 '즉흥연주'를 같은 의미를 가진 동일 어처럼 사용하기도 한다. 한편, 재즈보컬리스트들은 기악연주자와는 달리, 즉흥연주를 하지 않아도 된다는 인식이 있는 것은 사실이다. 그러나 그 중요성에 차이가 있을 뿐, 보컬즉흥연주 역시 재즈보컬들의 특성을 다른 장르의 보컬들과 구분하는 상징적이고 핵심적인 요소임에는 틀림없다. 컬리스트의 경우, 음악이론 외에, 즉흥연주의 선율을 가창하기 위하여 필요한 또 하나의 요소가 있는데, 이는 즉흥연주의 악구를 표현하는 수단인 스캣음절이다. 본 논문에서는 즉흥연주 선율표현에 많이 사용되는 음표들과 연주기법들을 중심으로 스캣음절사용에 대하여 연구해 보고자 한다.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.1-18
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• 2014

This study investigated the performance patterns in percussion improvisation of adolescents with behavior problems. A total of 40 middle school students participated in this study. Based on prescreening test results, the participants were assigned to either the impulsive tendency or depressive tendency groups. Both groups received two 45-minute group percussion improvisation. During the improvisation, all playing behaviors were recorded and analyzed in terms of rhythm pattern, instrument selection, intensity, and tempo of performance and performance duration. The results showed that while they were differences in improvised rhythm patterns between the two groups, the groups showed a similar tendencies in their instrument selection. With regard to performance parameters, the two groups showed significant difference in the tempo and duration of performance, but no significant difference was found in terms of intensity. This indicates that adolescents who exhibit behavior problems may be different in their playing patterns depending on their behavioral tendencies. Based on the results, music therapists can have a better understanding of how musical features expressed by this population relate to their inherent emotional and behavioral traits and how therapists should facilitate musical expression of these adolescents to address their needs.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.583-589
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• 2017

The 1900s in New Orleans, the harbor city, was indeed an era of confusion because there were various ethnic groups and races. Songs that had been sung by slaves taken from Africa, Black spiritual music, blues, British folk songs, French folk music, ballet music, Spanish dance music, and the march of military bands were mixed with Rag Time to achieve diversity. This developed the beginning of jazz. While swing jazz was most popular and loved by the public during the 20th century, the bebop preferred the small scale organization of musical instruments and developed as a form of jazz featuring the impromptu musical performances. Later, cool jazz, a new style involving the fast and complicated code progress, emerged with free jazz, which features the fundamental rupture from the tradition of the jazz. Miles Davis, who introduced the rock beat in jazz, started fusion jazz. Although jazz has been named differently depending on the era, the main attraction of jazz lies on improvisation. In other words, despite a small changes in code progress and rhythm, the most important thing the player considers is improvisation. Some famous players who lived in the same era followed the whole atmosphere but each had their own style. So, even when they did play the same song, they revealed their style in solo parts despite the same head.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.377-383
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• 2017

In this thesis, Improvisation of Jazz Vocal that can be characterized as Jazz music, namely practice of Scat suggest that way of applied approach that root position of chord and chord tones. Scat plays a solo using reproduced tunes of meaningless scat syllable that is not use the lyrics and melodies, which are written in a score. For this, Using the root position of chord is a reference point that Jazz vocal constructs a musical melody. Singing person can develop that reference point from simple scat to develop increasingly complex scat and can express that musical expression and communion. It analyzed the music functionally with a standard Jazz music 'All of me' as the center from composition of chord tone that improvise song to bass line, bass scat, analysis of chord tones arpeggio and expression. In this thesis, the improvisation of a Jazz vocal that may seem somewhat abstruse and complex could be relatively easy to construct through a gradual approach.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.43-70
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to find out how a vocal improvisation program can improve performance anxiety of students who are majoring in music. Four students participated in the vocal improvisation program for 8 weeks, and Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety Inventory was administered prior to and after the completion of program. The following are results from this study. First, participants' anxiety score as measured by STAI-S significantly decreased 16.5 (p < .068) average. Second, a decrease in the subjects' practical anxiety level was quantitatively shown following this program the participants' anxiety score decreased on average by 25.5 (p < .068). Third, the subjects reported a positive musical experience as an outcome of this study. The results of the research as described above support priority researches that the music therapy program influences to decrease musical performance anxiety. The vocal improvisation program used in this study proved effective for decreasing general anxiety and releasing musical performance anxiety. This study indicates future uses of music therapy and music psychotherapy for college students who experience musical performance anxiety.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2010.05b
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• pp.681-684
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• 2010

Augmented Scale은 모던한 사운드의 스케일로서 현대 재즈에서 종종 사용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 재즈 피아니스트 비안(Vian)의 작품 "Wilderness"에서 이 스케일을 멜로디와 화성에 어떻게 적용했는지 살펴본다. 무엇보다도 이 곡의 솔로 형식(solo form)에서 즉흥연주(improvisation)를 위한 재즈 라인 (jazz line)을 어떻게 접근할 것인지 연구한다.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.41-66
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• 2008

This study investigated the effects of traditional percussion improvisation to hearing-impaired college students who are under stress. For the research, between 21 to 22 years old four hearing-impaired college students, who could do lip reading, were chosen. In quantity program, improved version of college student stress measuring method which invented by Gyoung-gu Jun and Gyo-hyeon Kim(1991) were applied, and graphs has been used for analysis. In quality program, for reliability, the researcher and two music therapists observed and analysed it. The period of research was from Dec 26, 2007 to Feb 21, 2008. There were total twenty sessions and two sessions were assigned for each week. One was 40 minutes individual session, and the other one was 50 minutes group session. Even though auditory function is critical in music playing or listening, this study showed the positive results of the therapeutic use of music on stress management for college students with hearing impairment. Future studies are important to continue to investigate the effectiveness of music therapy for hearing impaired clients who are under stress with various age range.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.3-5
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• 2012

모던 재즈 시기에는 멜로디의 패턴을 이용한 즉흥 연주 기법이 적극적으로 사용되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 네 개의 음을 이용한 멜로디 패턴을 어떻게 활용하고 습득할 수 있는지, 그리고 네 개의 음만이 아닌 확장된 패턴으로 사용할 수 있을지 연구해 보고자 한다.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2011.12a
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• pp.85-88
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 3명의 재즈보컬리스트에 의해 가창된 보컬즉흥연주를 분석하여 스캣음절의 사용실례를 살펴보고 그 결과를 통하여 스캣음절의 사용 및 표현방식에 대한 이해를 돕고자 하는데 그 목적이 있다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.178-189
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• 2019

This paper is aimed at more carefully studying C. P. E. Bach's Fugues, which have been relatively less appreciated in his study. Fugue is the most sophisticated music with its highly contrapuntal texture, and it is often paired with the contrasting Prelude or Fantasia. C. P. E. Bach introduces an unprecedented attempt by merging seemingly contrasting Fugue and Improvisational passages into one piece of music rather than simply placing the two music pieces side by side. In his unprecedented attempt, the basic concept and typical form of Fugue are roughly maintained, but the insertion of improvisational performance techniques in both the subject and the detailed progression takes great importance. This Study examines the connection of C. P. E. Bach's Fugue and Improvisational Techniques by analyzing his 7 Fugues.