• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2009.04a
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• pp.335-338
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• 2009

일반적으로 비중이 큰 철광석이나 석탄 등을 운반하는 선박화물선의 호퍼 너클 이음부는 여러 판이 용접되어 복잡한 형상을 가지고 있어 응력이 집중되어지므로 피로강도평가 시 많은 문제점이 노출되는 구간이다. 이번 연구에서는 기존 sloping 방식의 호퍼 너클 이음 부를 갖는 180k 산적화물선 표준 모델과 제안 되어진 round 방식의 호퍼 너클 이음 부를 갖는 산적화물선에 대하여 구조강도평가와 피로강도평가를 수행하였다. 이때 합리적인 비교를 위하여 제안되어진 모델은 기존의 표준 모델의 화물창과 발라스트창의용적이 일치하도록 제안하였다. 또한 CSR을 기반으로 한 하중들에 대하여 허용응력과 25년 피로수명을 만족하도록 구조부재를 결정하였으며 피로강도평가 결과를 바탕으로 호퍼 너클부의 변화에 따른 선각 중량과 상대 건조 비 개념을 이용하여 보다 효율적인 구조를 제시 하였다.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2002.11c
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• pp.228-232
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• 2002

This paper is reporting the whole process of developing a weight measuring scaler of truck and trailer system for static and dynamic condition. The sensors attached on the top of springs each wheels. Acquisition and data processing performs accurate data extraction from noise environment, filtering and estimation. Weight information was highly distorted with noise and perturbation. Hence the perturbation was classified several categories and evaluated for accurate signal extract. The final products supply accurate and easy readable data of load weight for truck. It supplies total weight as well as loading condition of each axle. It is expected that it give the information to the truck operator of proper amount loading and safe condition to drive with it.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2020.11a
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• pp.78-79
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• 2020

국내 연안의 카페리선박의 고박안전성은 화물의 중량과 적재된 위치에서 발생할 수 있는 선체가속도를 기반으로 한 작용 외력과 고박장치의 고박력 비교를 통해 평가하고 있다. 국내 기준상의 선체가속도는 선박의 특성 및 항해조건의 반영이 없이 적용됨에 따라, 본 연구에서는 국내 연안 카페리선박의 선체가속도를 분석하고자 부산-제주를 통항하는 DWT 6,800톤급 선속 15.5 knots의 선박을 기준으로 선체의 4개 지점에서 총 12회의 가속도 계측을 수행하였고, 수치 시뮬레이션을 통하여 가속도 해석을 수행하였다. 가속도 비교 결과를 통하여 고박안전성 평가에 적용되어야 하는 가속도 적용 및 고박안전성 평가 방법에 대한 검토를 제시하고자 한다.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.33-39
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• 2020

In this paper, we propose the design technique of the vehicle's load weight measuring system using tire pressure, which is one of the physical elements of tires. The proposed technique consists of four processes: noise correction by load and vibration, gas flow correction, data mixer and weight conversion. Noise correction by load and vibration eliminates noise that increases the tire's internal pressure due to external shocks and vibrations produced by the vehicle while it is in motion. In the gas flow correction process, the noise of the internal pressure of the tire is increased due to the temperature rise of the ground with respect to the data obtained through the noise correction process due to the load and vibration. In the data mixer process, the load and pressure on the tolerances the empty, median and the full load are classified according to the change in pressure of the tire that is delivered perpendicular to the tire in the event of cargo. In the weight conversion process, weight is expressed by weight through weight conversion algorithms using noise correction results by load and vibration and gas flow correction. The weight conversion algorithm calculates the weight conversion factor, which is the slope of the linear function with respect to the load and pressure change, and converts the weight. In order to evaluate the accuracy of the loading weight measurement system of the vehicle using the tire pneumatic system technique proposed in this paper, we propose the design technique of the vehicle's load weight measuring system using tire pressure, which is one of the physical elements of tires.. Noise correction results by load and vibration and gas flow data correction results showed reliable results. In addition, repeated weight precision test showed better weight accuracy than the standard value of 90% of domestic companies.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2010.10a
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• pp.100-102
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• 2010

설계시와 다른 규모가 큰 선박이 접안을 할 경우라도 접안속도 및 적재화물 중량을 조절한다면 현재의 접안구조물 안전 및 전면수심에 문제는 없는 것으로 검토됨.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.262-265
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• 1993

Dietary fiber content and carbohydrate digestibility of dried soymilk residue (DSR) and tofu containing DSR were evaluated. Insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) content was 37.4 and 49.8% (%, moisture free basis) for common soymilk residue and DSR, respectively. Both soymilk residues contained 12.5% of soluble dietary fiber (SDF, dry basis). Tofu containing DSR, which is partially substituted with DSR corresponding to 10% weight of soybean used, had higher dietary fiber content (30% more for RDF and 45% more for SDF) than tofu manufactured in traditional manner. Carbohydrate digestibility was much lower in all tofu products ranging from 11% to 21%, and there was a negative correlation( r = -0.9243) between carbohydrate digestibility and total dietary fiber content.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.67-92
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• 2008

The purpose of this paper is to research the requirements and effect of the document of carriage in respect of the carriage of cargo by air under the Montreal Convention of 1999, IATA Conditions of Carriage for Cargo, and the judicial precedents of Korea and foreign countries. Under the Article 4 of Montreal Convention, in respect of the carriage of cargo, an air waybill shall be delivered. If any other means which preserves a record of the carriage are used, the carrier shall, if so requested by the consignor, deliver to the consignor a cargo receipt. Under the Article 7 of Montreal convention, the air waybill shall be made out by the consignor. If, at the request of the consignor, the carrier makes it out, the carrier shall be deemed to have done so on behalf of the consignor. The air waybill shall be made out in three original parts. The first part shall be marked "for the carrier", and shall be signed by the consignor. The second part shall be marked "for the consignee", and shall be signed by the consignor and by the carrier. The third part shall be signed by the carrier who shall hand it to the consignor after the goods have been accepted. Under the Article 5 of Montreal Convention, the air waybill or the cargo receipt shall include (a) an indication of the places of departure and destination, (b) an indication of at least one agreed stopping place, (c) an indication of the weight of the consignment. Under the Article 10 of Montreal Convention, the consignor shall indemnify the carrier against all damages suffered by the carrier or any other person to whom the carrier is liable, by reason of the irregularity, incorrectness or incompleteness of the particulars and statement furnished by the consignor or on its behalf. Under the Article 9 of Montreal Convention, non-compliance with the Article 4 to 8 of Montreal Convention shall not affect the existence of the validity of the contract, which shall be subject to the rules of Montreal Convention including those relating to limitation of liability. The air waybill is not a document of title or negotiable instrument. Under the Article 11 of Montreal Convention, the air waybill or cargo receipt is prima facie evidence of the conclusion of the contract, of the acceptance of the cargo and of the conditions of carriage. Under the Article 12 of Montreal Convention, if the carrier carries out the instructions of the consignor for the disposition of the cargo without requiring the production of the part of the air waybill or the cargo receipt, the carrier will be liable, for any damage which may be accused thereby to any person who is lawfully in possession of that part of the air waybill or the cargo receipt. According to the precedent of Korea Supreme Court sentenced on 22 July 2004, the freight forwarder as carrier was not liable for the illegal delivery of cargo to the notify party (actual importer) on the air waybill by the operator of the bonded warehouse because the freighter did not designate the boned warehouse and did not hold the position of employer to the operator of the bonded warehouse. In conclusion, as the Korea Customs Authorities will drive the e-Freight project for the carriage of cargo by air, the carrier and freight forwarder should pay attention to the requirements and legal effect of the electronic documentation of the carriage of cargo by air.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.31 no.6D
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• pp.749-754
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• 2011

It is common that basic unit and model of fuel consumption have been used to evaluate effectiveness analysis of transportation infrastructure investment programs. However they could not reflect vehicle characteristics such as loading capacity and types of heavy vehicles. For these reasons, this study reviews convention fuel consumption model which is widely used and conducts a field experiment for 5 classes of heavy vehicles. To develop the fuel consumption quadratic model the field data are used and we develop each model by classes, and then compare with convention fuel consumption model. As a result, between convention and suggested model, there are considerable differences, which have a similar pattern between an 11-ton cargo of convention model and a 25-ton cargo type dump truck of the suggested model. Likewise we identify that there is an approximately 26% gap between convention model result and the result which is calculated a weighted average by registered number of heavy vehicles based on 5 types of fuel consumption model suggested in this study. This result implies that convention fuel assumption model has a realistic limitation.

• Proceedings of the KOR-KST Conference
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• 1998.10b
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• pp.508-508
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• 1998

위험물 차량사고는 일반차량의 교통사고시 발생하는 인명피해, 재산피해, 교통지체 외에 부가적으로 환경적 영향에 의한 엄청난 인명 및 재산손실을 유발시킬 수 있다. 따라서 이러한 위험물차량사고를 예방하고 피해를 최소로 줄이기 위해서는 위험물수송경로의 신중하고 체계적인 결정이 필수적이라 할 수 있다. 외국의 경우, 위험물의 방출이 미치는 환경적 영향에 대한 인식이 확대되면서 위험물 수송시 응급처리에 관한 연구, 위험물 수송에 따른 위험도 평가에 관한 연구, 위험물 수송시 고려해야할 여러 조건에 관한 연구, 위험물 수송경로 설정에 관한 연구 등이 진행되고 있다. 반면에 우리 나라는 위험물차량관리와 사고처리에 대해 실시간적인 관리를 목표로 하는 국가차원의 계획을 수립하고는 있지만, 현재 이와 관련된 연구는 거의 없는 실정이다. 앞으로 산업발달에 따른 위험물수송량의 증가와 환경의식의 변화에 따라 위험물수송 및 사고처리 등에 관한 연구가 필요할 것이다. 따라서, 본 연구는 위험물차량의 운송경로를 결정할 때 고려해야 할 여러 가지의 기준 및 목표에 따라 위험물수송경로를 설정하는 모형을 제시함으로써 위험물수송에 수반되는 위험을 최소화하면서 위험물차량의 통행시간, 거리, 비용 등을 최적화하여 위험물수송의 안전 및 운영효율성을 향상시키고자 한다. 먼저, 위험물 수송경로의 기준지표로 사용될 위험도를 산정하기 위해 링크 주변노출인구, 밀도 등을 변수로 하는 모형식을 제안하고, 두 번째로 산정된 위험도를 기반으로 최적경로를 결정하는 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 마지막으로 가상 네트웍에 본 연구에서 제안된 모형을 적용하고 현재 일반적으로 사용되는 최단경로와 비교·분석하였다.것은 운송거리와 운송비용이 각각 주요한 변수라는 것이다. 모형의 타당성을 검증하기 위해서는 logilikelihood 값을 구하여 $\rho$^2분석을 시행하였다. 여기서는 각 품목별로 $\rho$^2값이 약 0.15~0.3의 비교적 높은 수치를 보여주고 있으므로 모형의 설명력이 어느 정도 있다는 것이 아울러 증명이 되었다. 상관관계에 대한 분석에서는 영업용 차량간의 상관관계가 높게 나타났으며, 이는 곧 영업용 화물차량을 적재중량별로 구분하는 것이 별 의미가 없음을 의미한다. 다시 말하면 자가용 차량을 보유하고 있지 않은 회사는 다른 운송전문업체에 화물운송을 의뢰하게 되므로 출하중량에 따라 화물차량을 구분하는 것에 대해서 그다지 큰 고려를 하지 않는 것으로 해석할 수가 있다.적합함을 재확인함. 6. 혼잡초기를 제외한 혼잡기간 중 대기행렬길이는 밀도데이터 없이도 혼잡 상류부의 도착교통량과 병목지점 본선통과교통량만을 이용하여 추정이 가능함. 7. 이상에 연구한 결과를 토대로, 고속도로 대기행렬길이를 산정할 수 있는 기초적인 도형을 제시함.벌레를 대상으로 처리한 Phenthoate EC가 96.38%의 방제가로 약효가 가장 우수하였고 3월중순 및 4월중순 월동후 암컷을 대상으로 처리한 Machine oil, Phenthoate EC 및 Trichlorfon WP는 비교적 약효가 낮았다.>$^{\circ}$E/$\leq$30$^{\circ}$NW 단열군이 연구지역 내에서 지하수 유동성이 가장 높은 단열군으로 추정된다. 이러한 사실은 3개 시추공을 대상으로 실시한 시추공 내 물리검층과 정압

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.100-108
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• 2000

As U.S. congress and I.M.O. have recently adopted strengthened MARPOL73/78 regulations on marine pollution, it is necessary to develope a new type of tankers such as Double hull tanker(D/H Tanker) and Mid-deck tanker(M/D Tanker) and so on. Because most of researches are concentrated on the volume of oil spill due to collision of ships, in this paper, a structural design program for D/H Tankers and M/D Tankers is developed to suggest the effective type of tankers by comparing structural characteristics between their types. By this program, minimum hull weight designs of D/H tankers and M/D tankers considering tank arrangement are performed and the design results are compared each other. The efficient types of hull structure for the minimum weight design between D/H tankers and M/D tankers is proposed.