• Proceedings of the Materials Research Society of Korea Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.18.2-18.2
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• 2011

생활수준이 향상되고, 환경오염이 가속되면서 환경에 대한 관심이 더욱 증대되고 있다. 수질센서의 경우, 그 측정 항목이 매우 다양하고, 높은 정밀도를 요하고 있을 뿐만 아니라 지속적인 실시간 모니터링을 요구하고 있어, 기술적으로 해결해야 할 문제가 많이 남아 있다. 또한, 현재 약 15% 정도로 매우 낮은 국산화율을 보이고 있어, 대부분의 주요 센서들이 수입에 의존하고 있는 실정이다. 수질을 측정하기 위한 센서는 크게 두 가지 형태로 나누어 질 수 있는데, 하나는 flow injection analysis (FIA) 방식이며, 다른 하나는 Probe 방식의 센서이다. 본 발표에서는 수질 센서에 대한 최근 국내 기술 동향과, 수질 모니터링을 위한 Lab-on-a-chip 형 암모니아 분석 칩, Probe 형 중금속 센서 연구 개발 결과를 요약하고자 한다. 암모니아 분석 칩은 마이크로 유체 소자 내에서 Berthelot reaction을 유도하고, 흡광법에 의하여 물 속에 존재하는 암모니아를 간접적으로 측정하는 방법이다. 또한, 중금속 센서로 일반적인 working electrode 소재로 사용되는 독성이 있는 Hg 보다 친환경적인 개발된 bismuth-modified carbon nanotube와 같은 Bi계 복합소재를 적용하여 물 속에 존재하는 저 농도의 Pb, Cd, Zn을 측정 분석할 수 있었다. 본 연구를 통해 개발된 분석칩과 중금속 센서를 이용하여 하천에서 샘플링된 물에서의 암모니아 및 중금속 농도를 각각 분석할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.350-360
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• 2017

Purpose: This study examined and compared the associations of the iron status and food intake with the blood lead, mercury, and cadmium concentrations among Korean adolescent girls, premenopausal women, and postmenopausal women. Methods: The data from the 2010~2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) was used. The subjects were classified into three groups: adolescent girls (n = 268), premenopausal women (n = 1,157), and postmenopausal women (n = 446). The iron status was assessed by hemoglobin, hematocrit, serum ferritin, and iron concentrations, as well as the total iron binding capacity (TIBC). The food intake was estimated by a food frequency questionnaire. Results: The blood heavy metal concentrations and poisoning rate in postmenopausal women were higher than in the other groups. The iron status in the adolescent girls and postmenopausal women was higher than that in the premenopausal women. In the adolescent girls, the iron status was inversely associated with the blood cadmium concentration. The dairy food intake was inversely related to the blood lead and cadmium concentrations. In premenopausal women, the iron status was inversely associated with the cadmium concentrations. The fish and shellfish food intakes were positively associated with the mercury concentrations. In postmenopausal women, the iron status was positively associated with the mercury and cadmium concentrations. Fast foods and fried foods were inversely associated with the lead concentration. Conclusion: The premenopausal women showed a lower iron status than the adolescent girls and postmenopausal women. The associations of the iron status with the blood heavy metal concentrations were different among the adolescent girls, premenopausal women, and postmenopausal women. In addition, the relationships of the food intakes with the blood heavy metal concentrations differed among adolescent girls, premenopausal women, and postmenopausal women. Further studies will be needed to confirm these findings.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Sciences Society Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.159-161
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• 2008

중금속에 대한 식물의 내성여부와 중금속 스트레스하에서 식물의 생리적 특성을 파악하기 위해 좀개구리밥, 생이가래, 은행이끼, 수련, 부들 등 5종의 식물을 대상으로 카드뮴(Cd$^{2+}$)의 농도를 달리하여 처리한 후 시간별로 식물의 광합성효율을 분석하였다. 그 결과 좀개구리밥는 카드뮴에 가장 민감하게, 생이가래와 은행이끼 등은 조금 민감하게 반응하였으며, 수련 등은 다른 식물종에 비해 덜 민감한 것으로 나타나고 있다. 좀개구리밥은 카드뮴 농도가 증가할수록 정상적인 O-J-I-P 곡선에서 J, I, P의 값이 큰 폭으로 떨어지고 있으며, 이는 카드뮴 농도가 증가할수록 명반응 중심이 손상을 입거나 어떤 원인에 의해서 불활성됨으로써 광합성 효율 즉 Fv/Fm의 감소를 일으키기 때문이다.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.195-200
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• 1992

Heavy metal adsorption on peat was studied to examine the utilization of abundant natural resouces as pollution control. The smaller the peat particle size, the more the heavy metals studied were adsorbed. Adsorption of heavy metals on peat was greater in single metal solutions than in mixed solutions, and the order of adsorption amount on peat was Cu > Cd > Zn. The most effective pH range of the adsorption of Cd, Zn, and Cu was between 4 and 6. With increasing the concentration of heavy metals the amount of adsorption on peat was increased, but the adsorption ratio was decreased. The adsorption of heavy metals on peat was fitted to the Freundlich isotherm and peat was appeared to be an effective adsorbent of the heavy metals. The treatment of polyethyleneimine(PEI) on the peat surface effectively increased adsorption capacity of the heavy metals. Because of its higher energy content, the heavy metal adsorbed peat could be utilized as a energy source. After burning the peat, the reduced peat volume could be save the expenses for waste disposal.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.29-42
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• 1986

This study is an experimental research on the adsorption capacity and the adsorption system utilizing Discarded Automotive Tires(DAT) and Powdered or Granular Activated Carbon(PAC or GAC) for the removal of heavy metals, Ag(I), Cd(II), Cu(II), Zn(II). Batch shaking test was conducted to determine the adsorption capacity of DA T and PAC in removing the heavy metals from aqueous wastes; and laboratory-scale column experiment was performed to present design factors affecting the optimum design of adsorption column with DAT and GAC, through the concept of Bed Deph/Service Time(BDST). As results, DAT has been proven to be a good adsorbent will its adsorption capacity not falling behind PAC or GAC. Factors affecting heavy metals removals were amount of adsorbents, initial concentrations, pH and so on. BDST equations were compared with values presented by the breakthrough data from adsorption system.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.41-47
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• 2020

This study was carried out to utilize the coal bottom ash generated in a circulating fluidized bed combustion boiler as a treatment agent for heavy metal ions, and experiments were conducted to remove heavy metal ions from the acid mine drainage. The batch experiments were conducted to investigate the influence of dosage of ash, initial concentration of solution on the removal capacity of heavy metal ions (Cu, Cd, Cr, Pb). The results of the experiment showed that the total removal capacity of heavy metals was 30.8 mg/L and 46.4 mg/g, respectively, under the condition that the concentration of coal ash was added as 15 g/L of heavy materials and 10 g/L of light materials. After that, a long-term column experiment was performed to determine the maximum removal capacity of heavy metal ions (Cu, Cd, Cr, Pb, As), and the removal capacity for each metal component was investigated. After approximately 60 days of operation, the maximum removal capacity of heavy metals was 23.6 mg/g at pH 9.25.

• 한국해양학회지
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.180-184
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• 1983

Sediments were collected from eight stations in JJJJinhae Bay and heavy metals were fractionated into the adsoibed reducible, oxidizable and residual fractions. Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn in each fraction were determined by atomic absorption spectriphotmetry. Cd was shown to be mainly in the adsorbed form, Cu in the oxidizable and resedual fractions, and Pb and Zn mainly in the seducible fractions. The total concentrations of Cu, Pb and Zn in sediments decreased gradually with increasing distance from the heak of the bay, and the relationship of linear segression was obtained.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.6 no.5
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• pp.451-459
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• 1997

This paper alms to describe the indoor-outdoor air quality in school environment through the analyses of heavy metal concentration by inductively Coupled Plasma(ICPI, which were observed at some school environment, such as traffic area, industrial area seme-industrial area, and residence area. The results are as follows : (1) Regardless Indoor and outdoor, the area with the highest concentration of heavy metal is industrial area followed by traffic area, residence area and semi-industrial area in descending order of magnitude. And the heavy metal concentration of indoor is higher than that of outdoor. (2) The main heavy metal components with more high level concentration of Indoor than those of outdoor are Zn, Al, Ca and these heavy metal concentrations are higher in class than In corridor and outdoor.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.153-158
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• 2001

영산강 수계의 습지생태계 모니터링의 일환으로 4개 지역을 선정하여 황소개구리 205개체를 채집하여 이들의 외부기형 출현율 및 양상을 조사하고 그들의 체내 조직에 축적된 중금속 농도를 분석하였다. 황소개구리의 기형 출현율은 6.8%로 다른 척추동물에서의 자연발생률 3%보다 높았으며, 기형은 모두 앞 또는 뒷발갉에서 나타났다. 유형별로 보면 결손(Ectrodactyly)이 64.3%로 가장 많았고 다음으로 확장(Dilation)이 28.6%, 절단(Truncation) 7.1%의 순이었다. 정상과 기형 개체간에 중금속의 농도를 조직별로 비교해 본 결과 기형개체의 신장에서 Mn은 4배, Zn 은 1.5배, Cu은 7배, Pb는 8배, Cd는 7배 정도 높았다. 또한 기형 개체에서는 이들 원소의 조직분포 패턴도 변화한 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과들로부터 황소개구리는 습지생태계의 모니터링 시료로서 유용하게 이용될 수 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.88-93
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• 2006

To recycle the electric arc furnace (EAF) dust as a ceramic raw materials, the leaching concentrations of heavy metals (Zn, Pb, Cr, Cd) were analysed with various pH and mixing ratios for EAF dust and EAF dust-clay mixtures. The evaporation amounts of the some heavy metals were evaluated by measuring their total concentrations in the sintered bodies of EAF dust-clay mixtures with various mixing ratio and sintering temperature. Toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) test was conducted for evaluating the chemical stabilities of the heavy metal elements. Leaching concentrations of heavy metal ions shows minimum leaching concentration at the pH 10. Evaporation amount of heavy metals in the sintered bodies were evaluated for the mixtures of pH 10 depenidng on mixing ratio and sintering temperature. Evaporation of heavy metal components were increased with increasing the sintering temperature and contents of the EAF dust. The evaporation of the heavy metal components in EAF dust was effectively suppressed by increasing the clay content. The leaching concentrations of heavy metal components were decreased with increasing clay content and temperature.