• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.26-40
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to examine the fashion lifestyle variable of global consumers and to compare among US, Chinese and EU consumers. The data were collected in US(n=749), China(n=702) and EU(n=1083) from 2008 to 2010. For analysis, factor analysis, reliability analysis, K-means cluster analysis and chi-square analysis of SPSS 18.0 are used. The research results are as follow: First, it is shown that significant lifestyle factors of global fashion consumers are "adventure seeking", "fashion-oriented", "conspicuous consumption", "leadership", "brand-oriented", and "DIY". As a result of the cluster analysis of lifestyle types, four cross-national market segments are identified. These segments can be labeled as follows: "conservative fashion-oriented group", "passive consumer group", "neutral consumer group", "active fashion-oriented group". Second, findings also reveal that fashion lifestyle segments had meaningful differences between nationality and by year. Third, the US consumers tended to have conservative fashion-oriented lifestyle in 2008, however global consumers were changed to have active fashion lifestyle in 2010. This research will be useful to global brands in planning marketing strategies by offering specific information for global consumer fashion lifestyle.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.145-158
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• 2017

This paper aims to analyze the characteristics of the contemporary Chinese fashion market and the competitiveness of Korean fashion brands in China. Fashion professionals experienced in both the Korean and Chinese fashion markets participated to investigate the Shanghai market and consumers. The results of in-depth interviews show that Shanghai is the most favorable city among Tier 1 cities for Korean fashion brands planning on entering into the Chinese market. Shanghai consumers are open to international brands and highly prefer newness in fashion. Contemporary menswear was selected as a potentially big market due to the increase of unique, young, upper-middle-class male consumers. The Korean fashion brands' strength is that they are capable of satisfying Shanghai consumers with excellent product planning and sensory design capabilities. Their disadvantage is that their brand recognition is weaker than that of global and international brands, and their ability to localize to the Chinese market is weak. The opportunity comes is from the Korean Wave, which is a positive for Korea's products and has good geographical access. The threat is that the Shanghai market is fiercely competitive; having access to many worldwide brands, and the competitiveness of Chinese brands is on the rise. To enter the Shanghai market, creative design ability, trendy product development, skill, and appropriate PR methods such as using Korean culture contents would be required to satisfy the young, powerful consumers in Shanghai.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.967-983
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to review Hanliu phenomenon, a kind of social and cultural phenomenon, in China and to analyze its effects on the fashion style of new young generation of China. In this study, Hanliu phenomenon means the enthusiasm of Asian people for Korean mass culture including Korean dramas, pop songs, and fashions from late 1990s. This research adopts two kinds of methods for analyzing the phenomenon: qualitative and quantitative research methods. As a qualitative research method, we analyzed it with several sources of documentaries and audio-visual materials: articles from newspapers and magazines, special TV reports, and documentary movie files from Internet. As a quantitative research method, we surveyed approximately 100 female students of Beijing university and asked how they feel Korean culture and fashions. The Hanliu phenomenon led to the popularity of Korean products as well as general culture of Korea. Also, it influenced Chinese young generation so much that Korean fashion has become prevailing. Such influence on the street fashion of Chinese youths can be summarized in three factors as follows: First, Korean entertainers' fashion is widely imitated. For example, H.O.T-like hairstyles, hip-hop styles, large heel shoes with boots-cut pants, and long-curled permanent hairstyles have been on among Chinese youths. Second, the preference for Korean fashion products has highly increased. The number of stores dealing with Korean fashion products has increased. Even the 'Kim Hee Seen,' a fashion brand named after a famous Korean actress, was introduced. Finally, Korean culture and products have widely been imitated in China as much as the increasing popularity of Korean fashion products. This study reveals that Hanliu phenomenon is widespread in China, and Chinese youths are largely affected by the fashion styles of Korean entertainers. Also, Korean fashion products are largely imitated and benchmarked in China. Hanliu phenomenon is a big chance to approach the fashion market of China, the largest buying power in the world. To make inroads into the Chinese fashion market, we suggest that we need to have our own brand and to make the most of culture, stars, and Internet in marketing. Also, we need a well-planned strategy for a success in the Chinese fashion market.

• Proceedings of the Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.14-14
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• 2001

현재 제지용 펄프 및 펼프 원료의 국내 자급상태는 매우 낮은 수준이다. 따라서 원료 가격변동과 환율에 따라 수익성은 물론, 원료 수급에도 큰 영향을 받게 된다. 최근 버 진펄프의 가격상승은 재생펄프 사용량과 고지수입량을 더욱 늘리고 있으며, 이들의 사 용에 따른 품질저하 개선노력도 꾸준히 행해지고 있다. 그러나 원가절감과 품질유지라 는 두 마리 토끼를 한꺼번에 잡는 것은 그리 쉬운 일이 아니며 그 효과 또한 점점 미 미해 지고 있는 실정이다. 외국의 경우 이러한 문제점들을 펄프소재면에서 접근하여 해 결하고자 하는 시도가 있었다. 중국은 벗짚펄프를 제지용으로 적용하여 오랜 시행착오 끝에 성공을 거두고 있으며, 남미에서도 수수 등을 이용한 제지용 펼프 개발에 노력과 투자를 아끼지 않고 있다. 이는 제한된 원료의 사용만으로 직면하고 있는 여러 문제점 들을 해결하기가 힘들다는 언식에서 출발한 것이며, 새로운 원료개발 자체가 그 해결방 안으로서 충분한 가치가 있음을 보여준다고 하겠다. 이와 같은 맥락에 따라 국내에서 적용이 가능한 소재를 조사하였으며 우선적으로 신서란을 선택하게 되었다. 신서란은 뉴질랜드가 원산지로 알려져 있으며 오래전부터 제주도에 자생하고 있는 다년생 초본류이다. 수많은 경질섬유(hard fiber)중에서도 경제적으로 재배되는 유일한 작물로 선박용 로프, 그물, 범포 등의 원료로 사용되었으나 현재는 화학섬유로 대체되 어 그 사용이 전무한 실정이다. 선서란은 고강도와 우수한 유연성, 탄력성 및 양호한 광학적 성질을 가지고 있으며 무엇보다 척박한 땅에서도 생장이 왕성하여 재배가 쉽다 는 것이 가장 큰 장점이다. 본 연구는 펄프용 섬유로서 양호한 기본특성을 가진 신서란 을 이용한 펄프를 기존 제지공정에 일정량 투입함으로써 얻고자 하는 종이의 일반물성 개선 및 특수기능 향상에 도움이 되는 제지용 펄프로서의 가능성을 알아보고자 하였다.이어서 몇십%의 현을 억제하지는 못한다는 결론을 도출할 수 있었다. 연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 한국과 미국 패션제품의 지난 십년간의 가격 과 품질의 상관관계는 매우 약한 정(+)의 상관을 가지고 있었다. 한국패션제품의 전체 서열상관계수의 평균은 0.091이었고, 미국의 상관계수 평균은 0.192였 다. 상관계수의 수치만으로 볼 때 한국보다는 미국 패션제품의 가격과 품질간의 상관관계가 조금 높게 나타났으나, 양국간 통계적인 차이는 없었다. 또한, 한국 패션제품의 경우에는 제품군의 가격대별 상관관계를 살펴보았는데, 그 결과 1만원 미만의 저가 제품군과 330만원이상의 고가의 제품군의 경우 부(-)의 상관계수를 나타냈다. 둘째. 1990년대 한국과 미국 패션시장의 가격과 품질간의 상관계수의 범위는 제품군별. 산업범주별 로 상이한 분포를 보이고 있었다. 패션제품군별로 보 면, 한국의 경우는 가장 높은 '여행용가방(r = 0.707)' 에서 가장 낮은 '자외선 차단화장품(r = -0.58)'까지, 그리고 미국 패션제품군의 상관계수의 범위는 '팬티 스타킹'의 0.820에서 '남성용 런닝슈즈'의 -0.472까지의 분포를 나타냈다. 마지막으로, 제품의 가격과 품질에 대한 정보를 소비자가 알 경우 얻을 수 있는 소비자의 구매이득 을 추산한 결과 패션제품시장에서 완전한 품질정보를 가지고 있다고 가정한 '현명한 사람'은, 최고가격의 제품만을 구입한다고 가정한 '부유한 사람들'의 구입방식에 비해 최고 좋은 품질의 상품을 총 지불액의 비율로 보아, 한국의 소비자는 약 50% 정도를, 미국의 소비자는 약 91%나 되는 액수를 절약하여 구매할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 본 연구의 결과를 종합하여 볼 때 한국과 미국 모두 제품군별, 그리고 산업범주별로 상관관계가 차이를 보이고 있어, 양국의 소비자들이 패션제품 의 품질을 평가함에 있어 오로지 가격에 대한

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.63 no.6
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• pp.40-55
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to find ways to increase sales and enhance of the competitiveness of the Korean fashion brands expanding into the Chinese market by conducting a survey of the Chinese female students in order to gather data regarding their preferences and features so that clothes that are more suitable for Chinese women can be designed. For this study, a survey was conducted to 305 students attending universities or language schools located in the metropolitan areas near Seoul who had exposure to Korean clothes. The study results can be summed up as follows: According to the analysis, the Chinese students preferred comfortable, practical, and casual styles. And the analysis shows that they prefer achromatic monotonous colors rather than vivid colors or splendid and complex patterns. The students felt that Korean clothes reflected the trends very well, and they also showed very high satisfaction with the design. The most common way of gathering information for their clothing purchase was through Internet search and magazine advertisements. The survey showed that the biggest strength of the Korean fashion brands was their ability to reflect the fast changing fashion trends in their designs, and they were very much satisfied with their diverse designs and colors. Among the domestic fashion brands, they prefer domestic SPA brands such as MIXXO, SPAO, and 8IGHT SECONDS.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.698-702
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• 2005

As a rapidly progressing of globalization and real time Prcessing in market, Korea's IT is developing, which is aimming at world market. In addition, propagation of cultivation is forming natually by lead to CT in the Asia. Latest in '90's hallyu(korean culture wave) was generated from in the east-north China province and moved to the east south Asia. It is also spreading form TV drama, music to movie, game, food, fashion and so on. This paper analyzed the outcome related with hallyu and IT innovation in knowledge-based economic society. It also addressed some effective strategies for advancing world market incorporating hallyu waves into IT.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.31 no.4 s.163
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• pp.507-518
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• 2007

This study aimed to investigate the competitive advantages of Chinese fashion industry and firms to Korean fashion industry by applying the generalized double-diamond theory. Data collection was done by internet and fax survey. Questionnaires were distributed to the Korean textiles and apparel firms who entered China for production anuor distribution. List of firms were provided by KOFOTI, KOTRA, and Korea Apparel Industry Association. Total 198 questionnaires were distributed, and 77 questionnaires were used for final analysis. The results were follows. Korea's competitiveness scores of double-diamond model were higher in every aspects, such as demand condition, infra/supportive industry, firms's strategy and competition except factor condition. Glottalization score in double diamond model measured by the degree of glottalization which was determined by international diamond factors which make firm's multinational/international activities possible. Chinese fashion industry's globalization score of factor condition was significantly higher than Korea, but for the rest of aspects, Korean fashion industry showed higher scores. Therefore, Korean fashion firms can overcome comparative disadvantage of factor condition by utilizing Chinese fashion industry no matter what type of entry. In addition, considering the growth rate of Chinese fashion industry and its power of influence in the world market, the entry to the global market of the Korean fashion industry can be possible.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.107-123
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to obtain specific data about the characteristics of color preference on Women's street fashion within China and Korea. Photos of Women's street fashion from the twenties and thirties were taken in person in four cities in China(Beijing, Dalian, Qingdao and Nanjing) and Seoul from July 2nd to August 10th, 2015. Three hundred photos in each city were selected, making a total of 1,500 photos. In the analysis of the colors of the clothing in these five cities, the uses of the multi color was most frequent in Dalian, while those of Black was most prevalent in Beijing, Qingdao, Nanjing and Seoul. The Black proved to be commonly preferred through all the items, regardless of terms of the nationality, areas and seasonal changes. The high incidence of Purple Blue color in Beijing, Dalian and Qingdao might be attributed to their preference of the blue jeans. The Multi color was highly shown in all the cities which might be due to their preference of compound colors rather than the mono ones. The high preference for the chromatic colors such as Red, Yellow Red and Yellow might be ascribed to the Chinese traditional color preferences. The differences lies in the color tones, such as the dark and light grayish tone emphasized in Seoul and Nanjing, and vivid and strong tones in Beijing, Dalian and Qingdao. Seoul shows a liking for the achromatic colors, preferring dark and grayish tones, compared with four cities in China, only Nanjing has a similar trend to Seoul. This study analyzes geographical preferences in China that possibly contribute to the launching of Korean fashion brands in view of the design and marketing as a useful basic resources.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.11
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• pp.7485-7493
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• 2015

With the popularity of Korean Wave, making cultural goods specific for Hallyu tourists is getting more important. However, there are mainly daily life goods using celebrity character-based ones. Remarkably, there are only a few cultural goods especially in practicality-based clothing category. In particular, few cultural goods related to children's wear have been developed. Therefore, if children's wear is developed as Korean Wave cultural goods considering Chinese consumers' pattern and Korean Wave cultural goods, it will be helpful for revitalizing the Korean Wave and Korea's fashion market. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to develop children's wear design as Korean Wave cultural goods, thereby presenting empirical research results and fulfilling its following objectives: First, it is to identify the concept of Korean Wave cultural goods, to analyze the current status to finally establish data to develop Korean Wave cultural goods needed at this time. Second, it is to make real-life size works through development of designs to provide the empirical data for Korean Wave cultural goods market. For the research method and contents the review of the previous research, in-depth interview for qualitative research, and empirical research using market research and development of work were performed. Through the final research outcomes, Korean Wave cultural goods, the children's wear that can meet the consumer's needs were presented as empirical data. The study can be used as basic data for domestic fashion market and cultural product market and it is meaningful as a reference for the analysis on the Chinese consumers' needs.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.59-71
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• 2008

The purpose of this thesis is to analyse the style, color, and items of '06-07 F/W women's street fashion in Dalian. The cultural, racial and geographical uniqueness, asks for the analysis, based on the individual local area on the part of Korean fashion company desiring to launch into China fashion market. I would contribute to the understanding the preference of fashion in northeastern area, thereby, affording a fundamental resources for designing strategies for Korean fashion brands in China. The period of investigation is about 15 weeks from 23 Sep. 2006 until 6 Jan. 2007, with combined use of camcorder and digital camera. The site was Victory Shopping Plaza, in center of City, also with Mycal, Ansung, Dasang department store situated in the Economic Development Zone. Finally, 900 photos were selected for analysing. The result of this study are as follows: 1. Preferred clothing styles are jean casual 45.4%(409), sports casual 16.3%(147), character casual 8%(72), feminine 20.6%(185), Classic 9.7%(87). Compare to the former study about Spring, Sports casual showed dominant rate about 36.0% in casual style. In Winter, however, the preference were changed from sport casual to jean casual. 2. Preferred clothing items are parka/padding coat 32.3%(291), jumper 31%(279), T-shirts 16%(144) and jacket 7.5%(67) for tops, pants 91.8%(826) and skirts 8.2%(74) for bottoms. In the pants, straight pants 78.4%(648), bell bottom pants 10.9%(90), capri pants 7.4%(61), cargo pants 2.9%(24), bermuda pants 0.4%(3) were listed respectively. In the skirts, A-line skirt 51.3%(38), pleats skirt 25.7%(19), flare skirt 12.2%(9), semi-tight skirt 8.1%(6), tight skirt 2.7%(2) were listed. Finally the skirt length midi 75.7%(56), mini 18.9%(14) and maxi 5.4%(4) were listed. 3. Preferred colors are red 21.8%(196), white 21.6%(194), black 16.4%(148), yellow 10.0%(90), beige 9.3%(84), green 7.9(71) and blue 6.3%(57) for tops, and black 40.8%(367), blue 37.7%(339), gray 4.6%(41), white 4.3%(39) etc. for bottoms.