• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.17 no.5 s.122
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• pp.405-414
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• 2007

In recent years, experimental and theoretical studies show that turbulent flows looking disordered have a definite structure produced repetitively with visible order. As a core structure of turbulence, hairpin vertices are believed to play a major role in developing and sustaining the turbulence process in the near wall region of turbulent boundary layers and may be regarded as the simplest conceptual model that can account for the essential features of the wall pressure fluctuations. In this work, fully developed typical hairpin vortices are focused and the associated surface pressure distributions and their corresponding spectra are estimated. On the basis of the attached eddy model, the overall surface pressure spectra are represented in terms of the eddy size distribution. The model is validated by comparison of predicted wavenumber spectra with existing empirical models, the results of direct numerical simulation (DNS) and also spatial correlations with experimental measurements.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.8-14
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• 2005

Understanding of the flow past a bluff body close to a moving ground is very important in automobile and aeronautical fields because of aerodynamic characteristic and instability induced by unsteady vortex shedding. The passive control method that mounted the vertical and horizontal plates at the lower surface of the cylinder is studied to suppress the unsteady oscillation motion. When the grounds moves, the diminish of the shear layer on the ground promotes the interaction between the lower and the upper separated shear layers of the cylinder, hence vortex shedding occurs at the lower gap height than the stationary ground.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.1-7
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• 2005

Incompressible Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations with $\varepsilon{-SST}$ turbulence model are adopted for the investigation of the flow fields between the square cylinder and the ground. When the grounds moves, the diminish of the shear layer intensity on the ground promotes the interaction between the lower and the upper separated shear layer of the cylinder. Hence vortex shedding occurs at the lower gap height than stationary ground. In the moving ground, the secondary shedding frequency disappears due to the absence of the separation bubble on the ground which exists in the stationary ground. In addition, the shedding frequency and aerodynamic coefficients in the moving ground become higher than those of the stationary ground.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.775-786
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• 1992

Studies are made of the turbulent separation bubble in a two-dimensional semi-infinite blunt plate aligned to a uniform free stream when the oncoming free stream contains a pulsating component. The discrete-vortex method is applied to simulate this flow situations because this approach is effective to represent the unsteady motions of turbulent shear layer and the effect of viscosity near the solid surface. The two key external paramenters in the free stream, i.e., the amplitude of pulsation, A, and the frequency parameter St[=fH/ $U_{1}$], are dealt with in the present numerical computations, A particular frequency gives a minimum reattachment which is related to the drag reduction and the most effective frequency is dependent on the most amplified shedding frequency. The turbulent flow structure is scrutinized. A comparison between the unperturbed flow and the perturbed at the particular frequency of the minimum reattachment length of the separation bubble suggests that the large-scale structure is associated with the shedding frequency and the flow instabilities.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.815-824
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• 2022

Among the main facilities of the power plant, the circulating water used for cooling the power generation system is supplied through the Circulation Water Intake Basin (CWIB). The vortexes of various types generated in the Pump Sump (PS) of CWIB adversely affect the Circulation Water Pump (CWP) and pipelines. In particular, the free surface vortex accompanied by air intake brings about vibration, noise, cavitation etc. and these are the causes of degradation of CWP performance, damage to pipelines. Then power generation is interrupted by the causes. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the hydraulic characteristics of CWIB through the hydraulic model experiment and apply an appropriate Anti Vortex Device (AVD) that can control the vortex to enable smooth operation of the power plant. In general, free surface vortex is controlled by Curtain Wall (CW) and the submerged vortex is by the anti vortex device of the curtain wall. The detailed specifications are described in the American National Standard for Pump Intake Design. In this study, the circulating water intake part of the Tripoli West 4×350 MW power plant in Libya was targeted, the actual operating conditions were applied, and the vortex reduction effect of the anti vortex device generated in the suction tank among the circulating water intake part was analyzed through a hydraulic model experiment. In addition, a floor splitter was basically applied to control the submerged vortex, and a new type of column curtain wall was additionally applied to control the vortex generated on the free surface to confirm the effect. As a result of analyzing the hydraulic characteristics by additionally applying the newly developed Column Curtain Wall (CCW) to the existing curtain wall, we have found that the vortex was controlled by forming a uniform flow. In addition, the vortex angle generated in the circulating water pump pipeline was 5° or less, which is the design standard of ANSI/HI 9.8, confirming the stability of the flow.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.33 no.8
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• pp.1180-1186
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• 2009

This experimental study is about the flow characteristics according to existence and nonexistence of the control rod and location in the flow field where it has the Inclined rear walls in the open cavity. By using the visualization of flow and particle image velocimetry (PIV), we performed about a change and speed of the Reynolds number. Our objective was what part of the control rod gives less effects to the characteristics of flow and how the shear mixing layer moves at what critical point of the Reynolds number. As a result, we differed the location of control rod. So finally, L/H=0.2 was discovered to give less effects to the cavity. The flow of backside of vortex faces the upper side. And we found that this phenomenon shows up more clear when the number of Reynolds increases. This is because of the flow of vortex causes by the condition of y/H=1.0. This phenomenon gets more clear with increasing of number of Reynolds, and critical point of the Reynolds number was $Re=1.0{\times}10^4$ around. If control rod is L/H=0.1, depending on the number of Reynolds ($Re=6.0{\times}10^3$, $Re=8.0{\times}10^3$, $Re=1.0{\times}10^4$, $Re=1.2{\times}10^4$), doubled vortex shows up. As the shear mixing layer of the upper side of cavity increases, the speed of the lower side was very stable.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.395-395
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• 2015

하천 내 식생은 수리학, 지형학 및 생태학적으로 매우 중요하다. 식생은 하천 수생물들의 서식처를 제공할 뿐만 아니라 필터와 같은 역할을 함으로써 부유사에 의한 하천오염물의 퇴적을 유발하여 하천의 수질을 개선시킨다. 더욱이, 하천 내 흐름 및 난류구조를 변경시킴으로써 식생주변의 유사 퇴적량 및 분포에 크게 영향을 미치고, 결국 하천의 지형을 변화시킨다. 개수로의 식생에 대한 영향은 주로 실험 및 수치모델을 이용하여 연구되었고 전단면이 식재된 조건에서 식생의 항력계수, 식생역내의 부유사 및 확산에 관한 연구가 진행되어왔다. 이러한 연구를 통해 식생역 내의 전단력이 감소하여 부유사퇴적이 증가하고 식생역과 비식생역 사이의 운동량 교환에 의해 부유사 퇴적이 증가함을 보였다. 그러나 개수로에서 존재하는 유한한 크기의 식생에 의한 흐름 및 유사분포에 관한 연구는 아직 미흡하다. 이에 본 연구에서는 침수하지 않은 원형 식생 주변에서 발생하는 흐름특성을 수치모의 하였다. 침수하지 않은 원형식생 하류에서 발생하는 흐름을 계산하기 위해 2차원 수치모형을 적용하였다. 식생에 의한 저항을 고려하기 위해 운동량 방정식에 식생항을 추가하였고 $k-{\varepsilon}$ 난류모형을 적용하였다. 수치모의 조건은 Zong and Nepf (2012)의 수리실험을 참고하여 수로의 길이는 12 m, 폭은 1.2 m로 설정하였다. 0.13 m 수심을 갖는 개수로에 0.22 m 지름을 갖는 원형식생을 상류경계로부터 1.0 m 떨어진 곳에 설정하였다. 식생의 밀도($6{\sim}77m^{-1}$)를 변화시키면서 원형식생 하류의 흐름거동을 분석하였다. 식생밀도가 높은 경우에는 원형식생 양 측면에서 유발된 전단층들의 상호작용에 의해 하류에서 와류가 발생하였다. 와류가 발생하는 위치에서 난류강도가 가장 크게 나타났다. 그러나 식생밀도가 일정 값보다 낮아지면 와류가 발생하지 않는 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.32 no.7
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• pp.1-12
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• 2004

A flow visualization of the 1st cycle motion of a fling-clapping wing that might be employed by butterflies during flight is performed. In this numerical flow visualization, he time-dependent Navier-Stokes equations are solved for two wing motion types; 'fling followed by clap and pause' and 'clap followed by fling and pause'. The result is observed regarding the main flow features such as the sequential development of the two families of separation vortex pairs and their movement. For the fling followed by clap and pause motion, a strong separation vortex pair of counter-clockwise develops in the opening between the wings in the fling phase and they then move out from the opening in the following clap phase. For the clap followed by fling and pause motion, the separation vortex pair developed in the outside space in the clap phase move into the opening in the following fling phase. The separation vortex pair in the opening developed in the fling phase of the clap followed by fling and pause motion is observed to be stronger than that in the opening developed in the fling phase of the fling followed by clap and pause motion.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.317-317
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• 2011

맨홀 및 관로에 퇴적되는 유사는 우수관거의 통수능을 감소기키고 우수관거 시스템의 효율을 저하시켜, 맨홀에서 역류를 발생시켜 저지대 침수의 한 원인인 되고 있다. 또한 관거내에서 유수가 일정한 유속을 확보하지 못하면 오염물이 침전되고, 관거내 유하시간이 길어져 침전물 부패로 인한 황화물질 및 악취 등이 발생할 수 있다. 따라서 우수 및 하수관거 시스템에서 유사와 관련된 주된 연구는 관거내의 유사거동 특성을 규명하고자 하는 것이었다. 그러나 맨홀과 관련하여서는 맨홀내의 오염물 지체시간 및 확산 특성분석이 전부였고, 유사의 퇴적 및 배출 등과 관련된 거동특성 연구는 매우 미흡한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 유입관과 유출관이 $90^{\circ}$로 접합된 맨홀을 대상으로 수리실험을 실시하고, 맨홀형태(사각형, 원형), 유사유입형태(연속주입, 일정기간주입), 유사종류(주문진표준사, 모래), 유사유입량 및 맨홀내부형상 변화에 따른 맨홀내 유사퇴적량을 확인하였다. 실험결과 그림 1과 같이 $90^{\circ}$ 접합맨홀에서는 유사유입형태와 무관하게 유입유사량이 증가할수록 퇴적량 또한 증가하였다. 그러나 유사퇴적량은 사각형맨홀보다 원형맨홀에서 적었다. 이는 관거가 $90^{\circ}$로 접합된 맨홀내에서의 유사거동 양상은 우선 유입되는 유사가 맨홀바닦에 퇴적되고 와류에 의해 부유되는 유사가 유출관을 통해 배출되는데 사각형맨홀에 비하여 원형맨홀에서 와류가 더 크게 형성되기 때문인 것으로 판단된다. 유사가 일정기간주입되는 경우 원형맨홀 내부에 퇴적되는 유사량은 거의 없었다. 사각형맨홀내부에 벤칭을 설치한 경우 설치전과 비교하여 퇴적량은 50%이상 저감되었고, 일정기간주입시에는 벤칭 설치 후 유사퇴적량은 거의 없었다. 유입유사가 모래인 경우 맨홀내 퇴적량은 주문진표준사와 비교하여 증가하였다. 모래는 주문진 표준사와 비교하여 중량이 크다. 따라서 같은 흐름조건에서 주문진표준사와 비교하여 부유되는 유사량이 적고, 배출되는 유사량 또한 적었다. 유량과 관거유속이 동일한 조건에서 유출관과 유입관이 일직선상으로 연결된 중간맨홀내부에 퇴적된 주문진표준사의량과 비교하여 $90^{\circ}$ 접합맨홀의 퇴적량이 상대적으로 적었다. 이 또한 앞서 기술한 와류의 영향으로 판단된다. 일반적으로 $90^{\circ}$접합맨홀내부에서 발생하는 와류가 중간맨홀보다 크고, 이로 인해 에너지손실은 커지지만 유사거동과 관련하여서는 와류가 크게 발생하는 맨홀조건에서 퇴적량이 적음을 실험적으로 확인하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.37 no.9
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• pp.829-836
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• 2009

3-Dimensional flow which is represented by horseshoe vortex is generated as a type of secondary flow about the main flow. As well, it causes the flow loss. The present study deals with the leading edge fence shape on a wing-body junction to decrease a horseshoe vortex, one of the main factors to generate the secondary flow losses. The shape of leading-edge fence was optimized with the design variables of the installed height, length, width, and thickness of the fence as the design variables. Approximate optimization design method is used as the optimization. The study was investigated using $FLUENT^{TM}$ and $iSIGHT^{TM}$. Total pressure coefficient of the optimized design case was decreased about 7.5 % compare to the baseline case.