• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2000.10b
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• pp.335-337
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• 2000

본 연구에서는 문자 인식의 응용으로서 인쇄된 우편봉투의 주소를 인식한다. 스캐너로 입력된 우편봉투 영상으로부터 주소영역과 우편번호 영역을 분리한다. 분리된 각각의 영역에서 문자를 추출하고, 전처리로써 정규화, 특징추출 단계를 거쳐 우편번호와 주소를 각각 인식하였다. 이때, 우편번호 인식에 의하여 알 수 있는 주소와 실제로 인식한 주소의 신뢰도를 계산하여, 주소 인식 결과를 보정하는 과정을 거쳐 우편봉투의 인식을 실행하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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• 1997.11a
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• pp.201-204
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• 1997

최근 주소를 자동으로 인식하여 우편물 분류와 같은 업무를 효과적으로 수행하기 위한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 기존 연구들은 낱자 단위의 인식을 수행한 후 사전 형태의 간단한 DB를 통해 최종의 결과를 생성한다. 그러나 한글과 같은 복잡한 구조의 필기 문자에 대한 인식기의 성능은 아직도 미흡한 상태이다. 따라서 낱자 인식기의 성능에 의존하는 현재와 같은 방법으로는 만족할 만한 결과를 얻기가 힘들 것으로 생각된다. 본 논문에서는 낱자 인식 결과에 크게 의존하지 않고 주소에 나타나는 단어의 낱자들 사이간 연결 정보를 이용하여 단어를 인식할 수 있는 시스템을 제안한다. 본 시스템은 통계적 인식기를 사용하여 낱자를 인식하는 부분과 낱자 인식 결과를 조합하여 단어 수준의 인식과정을 통해 최종의 결과를 생성하는 부분으로 구성된다. 통계적 인식기는 Nearest neighborhood 방법을 사용하여 간단한 형태로 구현하였다. 단어인식 모듈은 단어에서 모든 문자간의 관계를 표현할 수 있도록 HMM 모형을 사용하여 어휘정보 네트워크를 구성하고 이를 이용하여 주소에 나타나는 단어를 인식하도록 하였다. PE92 한글 문자 데이터를 이용하여 실험을 수 璿\ulcorner 결과, 통계적 인식기의 성능이 저조함에도 불구하고 HMM을 이용한 어휘정보 네트워크가 이를 보완함으로써 좋은 결과를 얻었다. 이러한 단어 인식 방법을 주소 이외의 다른 단어 집합에 대해서도 쉽게 적용될 수 있을 것으로 예상된다.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.15-24
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• 2007

The recognition of postal address images is indispensable for the automatic sorting of postal envelopes. The process of the address image recognition is composed of three steps-address image preprocessing, character recognition, address interpretation. The extracted character images from the preprocessing step are forwarded to the character recognition step, in which multiple candidate characters with reliability scores are obtained for each character image extracted. aracters with reliability scores are obtained for each character image extracted. Utilizing those character candidates with scores, we obtain the final valid address for the input envelope image through the address interpretation step. The envelope sorting rate depends on the performance of all three steps, among which character recognition step could be said to be very important. The good character recognizer would be the one which could produce valid candidates with very reliable scores to help the address interpretation step go easy. In this paper, we propose the method of generating character candidates with reliable recognition scores. We utilize the existing MLP(multilayered perceptrons) neural network of the address recognition system in the current automatic postal envelope sorters, as the classifier for the each image from the preprocessing step. The MLP is well known to be one of the best classifiers in terms of processing speed and recognition rate. The false alarm problem, however, might be occurred in recognition results, which made the address interpretation hard. To make address interpretation easy and improve the envelope sorting rate, we propose promising methods to reestimate the recognition score (confidence) of the existing MLP classifier: the generation method of the statistical recognition properties of the classifier and the method of the combination of the MLP and the subspace classifier which roles as a reestimator of the confidence. To confirm the superiority of the proposed method, we have used the character images of the real postal envelopes from the sorters in the post office. The experimental results show that the proposed method produces high reliability in terms of error and rejection for individual characters and non-characters.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.10B no.4
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• pp.429-442
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• 2003

In this paper, we describe an address image recognition system for automatic processing of standard- size letter mail. The inputs to the system are gray-level mail piece images and the outputs are delivery point codes with which a delivery sequence of carrier can be generated. The system includes five main modules; destination address block location, text line separation, character segmentation, character recognition and finally address interpretation. The destination address block is extracted on the basis of experimental knowledge and the line separation and character segmentation is done through the analysis of connected components and vortical runs. For recognizing characters, we developed MLP-based recognizers and dynamical programming technique for interpretation. Since each module has been implemented in an independent way, the system has a benefit that the optimization of each module is relatively easy. We have done the experiment with live mail piece images directly sampled from mail sorting machine in Yuseong post office. The experimental results prove the feasibility of our system.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.3-10
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• 1999

This paper describes the development and evaluation of a Korean address input system employing automatic speech recognition technique as user interface for input Korean address. Address consists of cities, provinces and counties. The system works on a window 95 environment of personal computer with built-in soundcard. In the speech recognition part, the Continuous density Hidden Markov Model(CHMM) for making phoneme like units(PLUs) and One Pass Dynamic Programming(OPDP) algorithm is used for recognition. For address recognition, Finite State Automata(FSA) suitable for Korean address structure is constructed. To achieve an acceptable performance against the variation of speakers, microphones, and environmental noises, Maximum a posteriori(MAP) estimation is implemented in adaptation. And to improve the recognition speed, fast search method using variable pruning threshold is newly proposed. In the evaluation tests conducted for the 100 connected words uttered by 3 males the system showed above average 96.0% of recognition accuracy for connected words after adaption and recognition speed within 2 seconds, showing the effectiveness of the system.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 1992.10a
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• pp.555-566
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• 1992

본 논문은 한글 주소의 오인식 수정에 관한 연구로서, 필기자의 다양한 필기 형태와 입력 장치의 특성으로 인하여 문자 인식 단계에서 발생할 수 있는 혼동을 줄이고 오류를 효율적으로 수정하는 후처리 알고리즘을 소개한다. 특히, 주소의 행정 구역부에 대해서는 정합해야 할 문자 모델의 범위를 줄여줌으로써 높은 인식률과 처리 속도를 기록하였으며, 문자 인식의 결과에 임계값과 백트랙킹 방법을 도입한 후처리 알고리즘을 적용하여 더욱더 높은 인식률을 나타낼 수 있었다. 번지부와 건물부에 대한 오인식도 제안된 각각의 알고리즘을 적용함으로써 효과적으로 수정할 수 있었다. 우리나라의 25,000여 행정 구역을 바탕으로 작성 가능한 주소들 중에서 임의의 150개 주소 데이타에 대하여 제안된 후처리 방법을 포함한 다양한 후처리 방법으로 실험한 결과, 행정 구역부에 대하여 98%이상의 높은 인식률을 보임으로써, 제안된 후처리 알고리즘이 효과적임을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.74-88
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• 2007

In order to automate the process of mail sorting by delivery sequence, it is necessary to prepare a postal address database and to interpret written addresses on the mail-pieces with the database and OCR technology. The address database is a critical factor of automation and informatization of postal service since it could be used not only in address recognition but also in various mail processing. In this study, we design the schema of postal address database, design the postal address file based on it and explain the method of address interpretation and retrieval using it. We analyze infonnation requirements for transformation of postal address into the standardized format and consider them in the process of design. The postal address file can be used by address matching or retrieval system as well as by Hangul address recognition system for automation of delivery sequence mail-sorting.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.31-39
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• 2021

Obtaining delivery addresses from calls is one of the most important processes in TV home shopping business. By automating this process, the operational efficiency of TV home shopping can be increased. In this paper, a method of recognizing and validating road name address, which is the address system of South Korea, from speech oriented text is proposed. The speech oriented text has three challenges. The first is that the numbers are represented in the form of pronunciation. The second is that the recorded address has noises that are made from repeated pronunciation of the same address, or unordered address. The third is that the readability of the resulted address. For resolving these problems, the proposed method enhances the existing address databases provided by the Korea Post and Ministry of the Interior and Safety. Various types of pronouncing address are added, and heuristic rules for dividing ambiguous pronunciations are employed. And the processed address is validated by checking the existence in the official address database. Even though, this proposed method is for the STT result of the address pronunciation, this also can be used for any 3^rd party services that need to validate road name address. The proposed method works robustly on noises such as positions change or omission of elements.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2004.10c
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• pp.619-621
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• 2004

ARP는 IP 네트워크 상에서 IP 주소를 물리적 네트워크 주소로 대응시키기 위해 사용되는 프로토콜이다. 네트워크에서 데이터를 전송할 때는 컴퓨터간의 물리적 주소를 이용하여 전승하는데 이 물리적 주소는 각각의 랜카드마다 고유하게 갖는 값으로 네트워크에서는 실제로 데이터를 전달할 때 네트워크 카드가 가진 물리적 주소를 이용하여 전달 하지만 소프트웨어 차원에서는 IP 주소라는 것을 사용한다. ARP 프로토콜은 IP 주소를 실질적인 네트워크 어댑터의 물리적 주소와 연관시킬 때 사용되는 것이다. 본 논문에서는 ARP 동보 패킷을 이용한 네트워크 강시 대상 노드들의 정보를 자동적으로 구축하는 기능을 갖는 네트워크 모니터링 시스템을 설계하고 구현한다. 본 네트워크 모니터링 시스템은 ARP 동보 패킷을 분석하여 네트워크 감시 대상 노드들을 인식하고 NETBIOS 모듈을 이용한 노드 이름 확인과 Ping 모듈을 이용한 노드 상태 및 정보를 표시하며 주기적인 업데이트를 통해 노드 정보를 표시하는 기능을 갖는다.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.11D no.3
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• pp.703-708
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• 2004

Currently the amount of general letter mail in Korea is on an increasing trend; especially it shows the seasonality that is concentrated in the end of the month or the year. However, the situation is not treated appropriately Moreover. manpower insufficiency if the carriers causes the poor service and the heavy burden of work. Under the existing conditions, the various efforts such as development of the automatic sequence sorting system and construction of the address database are given in order to quicken mall process and lighten the carriers' burden But the inconsistent addressing and the various expressions of address drop the systems and the carriers off in efficiency. In this study, we present the Korean postal addressing standards to make it possible to improve the performance of address recognition and help postmen to sort the mail; particularly focusing on the substance. After analyzing the domestic system, the information structure and the problems of postal address, we propose four fundamentals and the standards including synonyms and acronyms. In addition, we suggest several considerations for mail format. We expect that this study could support the postal service in Korea as a basic standard.