• Journal of Scientific & Technological Knowledge Infrastructure
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• s.10
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• pp.26-49
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• 2002

생물다양성은 육상 생태계, 해양과 기타 수생 생태계와 이들의 복합 생태계를 포함하는 모든 원천에서 발생한 생물체의 다양성을 말하며, 종내.종간 및 생태계의 다양성을 포함한다. 즉, 생물다양성이란 생물종(Species)의 다양성, 생물이 서식하는 생태계(Ecosystem)의 다양성, 생물이 지닌 유전자(Gene)의 다양성을 총체적으로 지칭하는 말이다. 종다양성(Species diversity)은 한 지역내의 종의 다양성 정도를 말하는 것으로서 분류학적 다양성을 지칭하며, 생태계 다양성(Ecosystem diversity)은 한 생태계에 속하는 모든 생물과 무생물의 상호작용에 관한 다양성을 말한다. 또한 유전적 다양성(Genetic diversity)은 종내의 유전자 변이를 말하는 것으로 같은 종내의 여러 집단들을 의미하거나 한 집단내 개체들 사이의 유전적 변이를 의미한다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.1135-1139
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• 2007

청계천 복원의 효과가 하천의 형상, 종 조성, 종 다양성 변화의 유연성 및 환경 개선 효과 측면에서 검토되었다. 복원된 청계천은 하천의 종단 및 횡단 형상에서 모두 낮은 자연성을 나타내었다. 종 조성은 부분적으로 자연하천과 유사한 조성을 보였으나 전반적으로 낮은 자연성을 보였다. 종 다양성은 비교적 낮았지만 복원의 역사를 고려할 때 양호한 것으로 평가되었다. 하류와 수변에서는 홍수 후 많은 변화를 가져와 자연으로 회귀할 가능성도 보였지만 상류와 홍수터 이상에서는 변화의 유연성이 낮아 자연으로 회귀하는데 많은 시간이 소요될 것으로 평가되었다. 인공위성 영상 분석 결과, 복원된 청계천은 기온 완화 효과를 나타내었다. 그 밖에 복원된 청계천은 그 주변의 분산된 녹지를 연결하여 그린네트워크를 구축하고자 할 때 핵심적 역할을 할 것으로 기대되어 경관생태적 측면에서의 환경개선효과도 기대되었다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Organic Agriculture Conference
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• 2009.12a
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• pp.290-290
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• 2009

유기 배 과수원의 생물종 다양성을 조사한 결과, 월동 직후 유기배 과수원에서는 13종 503마리, 관행 과수원에서 11종 145마리의 토양 미소동물이 채집되었다. 채집된 종류는 거미, 지네, 노래기와 곤충들이다. 유기과수원에는 특히 응애와 거미가 많이 채집되었으며 특히 곤충 중에서 톡토기는 247마리로 관행에 비해 7배가 많이 채집되었다. 또한 생태지수인 종다양도가 관행 1.383에 비해 1.589로 더 높았다. 서식지별 분포를 보면 나무 바로 밑의 개체수와 종수가 더 많아 배나무 뿌리를 중심으로 생활하고 있음을 확인하였다. 여름철 토양동물의 분포는 달팽이, 지렁이를 비롯한 미소 동물들이 유기인증 과수원에는 24종 632마리, 관행에서는 15종 340마리가 채집되어 유기인증 농가에서 월등히 많은 토양동물이 살고 있었으며 종다양도역시 유기농가 2.021로 관행인 1.652보다 높았다. 청목(1985)의 자연도 평가 A그룹종은 환경저항성이 낮아 쉽게 소멸되는 그룹으로 애지네, 노래기 땅지네 등이 여기에 속하는데 유기농가에서 개체수들이 더 많이 채집되었다. 추락트랩을 이용한 조사에서 딱정벌레 중 점박이먼지벌레가 관행 과수원에서 월등히 높았으며 유기농가에서는 큰넓적송장벌레가 채집되어 이들 종이 지표종으로 선발될 수 있을 것으로 보인다. 또한 거미류 중에 수풀오소리거미가 많이 채집되었으며 채찍늑대거미, 꼬마게거미, 점게거미등은 유기농가에서만 채집되어 추후 이들 종이 지표종으로 선발될 가능성이 있었다. 말레이트랩에서는 고치벌과 맵시벌 종류가 많이 채집되었고 파리류에서는 초파리가 많았으며 털검정파리는 유기인증 농가에서 만이 채집되었다. 유아등을 이용한 야간 곤충류를 채집한 결과 유기농가에서 16종 201마리, 관행 9종 42마리가 채집되어 야간에 활동하는 곤충류 역시 유기농가가 많았다. 추락트랩과 말레이트랩모두 유기인증 농가에서 종다양도가 관행보다 높았으며 유아등 채집에서도 마찬가지 결과를 보여 유기배 과수원이 토양 뿐 아니라 배를 중심으로 생활하는 모든 동물들의 종 다양성이 우수함을 알 수 있었다.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.745-757
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• 2018

We analyzed the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence of common buckwheat, Fagopyrum esculentum and tartary buckwheat, F. tataricum. The diversity of the nucleotides and haplotypes, Tajima's D, and Fu's Fs was analyzed and compared among the varieties of common buckwheat and tartary buckwheat. The diversity of nucleotides and haplotypes indicated that the buckwheat populations had undergone rapid population expansion but D and Fs did not support their expansion statistically. The phylogenetic analysis of ITS sequences did not clearly establish the phylogenetic relationships between the varieties of common buckwheat. The In/Del sequence of ITS-1 region could, therefore, be used as a DNA marker to distinguish raw or manufactured products derived from common buckwheat and tartary buckwheat.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.539-559
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• 2021

Agricultural ecosystem biodiversity monitoring and community variation analysis of insects were conducted from 2016 to 2018 in selected conventional and organic farming fields in Goesan district, Chungcheongbuk-do, South Korea. The total number of 1,125 species in 16 orders and 207 families were identified. The numbers of species collected in the locations practicing organic farming were greater than the conventional farming both in the paddy fields (564 vs. 383 species) and the upland fields (471 vs. 365 species). Among them, Hemiptera had the most abundant of species, followed by Diptera, Hymenoptera, Coleoptera and Araneae. We calculated various index values of biodiversity (diversity index H', richness index R, evenness index J', dominance index D, and similarity index QS) based on quantitative measurements of species and individuals collected over three years of field monitoring. Variations in biodiversity index values in different agricultural systems show that the positive effect of organic farming is to produce more biodiversity than conventional farming systems. When compared to other index results reported in Korea, Japan and China, the richness index was higher and other index values were at similar levels.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.173-184
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• 2020

Irrigation ponds, 'dumbeong', which are artificially constructed water resources for traditional farming, serve as a biological shelter connecting seasonally created rice paddy fields to local freshwater ecosystems. This 2018 study surveyed 143 irrigation ponds in the western Civilian Control Zone (CCZ) area from August to September, revealing species diversity and community characteristics of benthic macroinvertebrates. A total of 13,454 individuals of macroinvertebrates were captured and classified into 3 phyla, 5 classes, 17 orders, 59 families, 192 species. Among Insecta, the most frequently recorded order was Odonata, 55 spp.(33.7%), followed by Coleoptera, 52 spp. (31.9%), Hemiptera, 34 spp. (20.8%), Diptera, 17 spp. (9.8%), Ephemeroptera, 3 spp. (2.4%), Trichoptera, 1 spp. (0.6%) and Lepidoptera, 1 spp. (0.6%). Taxon of non-Insecta consisted of Mollusca, 14 spp. (48.2%), Annelida, 11 spp. (37.9%) and Arthropoda, 4 spp. (3.4%). The analysis of Diversity Index (H'), Species Richness Index (RI), Dominance Index (DI) and Evenness Index (J') revealed the general stability of communities in the study sites. A total of 28 rare species were found in 98 study sites, including three endangered species designated by the Ministry of Environment. These results showed that the species diversity and rarity of macroinvertebrates in the study area were greater than those of previous research on lentic wetlands (lake, etc.) and national conserved wetlands(Upo-swamp, etc.) in Korea. A conservation planning of aquatic ecosystems in the western CCZ area, therefore, should focus on conservation of irrigation ponds.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.9
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• pp.3610-3614
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• 2010

Taxonomic compositions and species diversities of the planktonic micro algae communities were investigated 8 times during the period from May, 2006 to November, 2007 in Saemangeum water regions. Total of 191 taxa were observed; 94 diatoms, 31 chlorophytes, 24 dinoflagellates, 24 cyanophytes, 11 euglenophytes, 3 silicoflagellates, 1 cryptophyte and 3 unidentified microflagellates. During the period of this study, diversity indices of the community were changed spatio-temporally and fluctuated irregularly. It was surmised that artificial factors to the water condition such as open and lock of the dike stressed to the planktonic micro algal groups.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.261-270
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• 2014

We investigated the diversity of lepidopteran larvae and their food plants in a 0.1 ha plot at Mt. Jirisan National Park, South Korea. The plant species in the plot were identified, and the lepidopteran larvae that fed on each plant in the plot were collected. Thus, we collected 141 plants of 16 species that belonged to 14 families and 159 lepidopteran larvae of 70 species that belonged to 11 families. Oak (Quercus serrata) was found to be the most favored plant species. Among the 11 lepidopteran families, the species richness and evenness of two families, Geometridae and Noctuidae, were the highest. On the basis of this study, we could assume the interaction between food plants and caterpillars in a temperate forest. Furthermore, we could estimate the species diversity of lepidopteran caterpillars in this temperate forest.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.164-174
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• 2021

Information on biodiversity plays an important role in conservation planning for ecosystem. As existing biodiversity indices are calculated and predicted only based on the number of individuals and species, it is difficult to explain aspects of genetic and ecological diversity. Phylogenetic diversity can indirectly evaluate ecological diversity as well as genetic diversity overlooked by existing biodiversity assessments. In this study, typical metrics of biodiversity (e.g., species diversity, species richness, etc.) and phylogenetic diversity were evaluated together using a long-term monitoring data of winter birds in Jungrang, Cheonggye and Anyang stream where are designated as Seoul migratory bird reserves. Then discussed the meaning of each assessmentresult. In Jungrang and Anyang stream, the number of individuals generally decreased overtime, whereas in Cheonggye stream, there was no significant change. In addition, species abundance increased over time slightly in Cheonggye stream, while there was no significant change in Jungrang and Anyang stream. Species diversity temporally increased in Jungrang and Cheonggye stream, excluding Anyang stream, but phylogenetic diversity showed a tendency to increase only in Cheonggye stream. These changes in the biodiversity assessment indices are thought to be due to anthropogenic disturbances such as construction that occurred within each site, and it was shown that species diversity and phylogenetic diversity do not always lead to the same assessment results. Therefore, this study suggests that biodiversity assessment needs to be considered from various contexts such as genetic and ecological perspectives.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.374-390
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• 2015

This study aimed to identify the insect diversity and forest in urban green space, which can determine the current status of the ecosystem and provide basic data and information required for conservation planning and sustainable use of the environment. For this study, we have surveyed insect diversity by habitat types in the botanic garden of Wonkwang University, Iksan, from September, 2010 to September, 2011. During the research period, a total of 209 species, 78 families and 10 orders were observed, including 10 exportable species, 1 species of Korean Red List, 2 climate-sensitive indicator species and 70 designated species. Among these taxonomic groups, Coleoptera (36.36 %) showed the highest diversity with 76 species, followed by Hemiptera (25.36 %) with 46 species, Diptera (11.48 %) with 24 species and Hymenoptera (7.66 %) with 16 species. As for the diversity by survey time, the largest number of species were observed in September 2010 (52 families, 105 species), followed by May 2011 (37 families, 87 species), July 2011 (50 families, 86 species), June 2011 (40 families, 80 species) and August 2011 (43 families, 73 species). Relatively low diversity was observed in September 2011 (38 families, 60 species), October 2010 (36 families, 52 species) and April 2011 (19 families, 29 species). As for the diversity by survey point, the highest diversity was observed in S4 (75 families, 186 species, 88.99 %), followed by S1 (41 families, 70 species, 33.49 %), S2 (41 families, 63 species, 30.14 %), and S3 (36 families, 59 species, 28.22 %). According to the community analysis, the survey area S4 (H'=3.344, RI=9.257) showed the highest numbers in diversity index (H') and richness index (RI) of insects and S1 (0.985) showed the highest species evenness index (EI). On the other hand, S3 showed the lowest numbers (H'=2.428, RI=4.307, EI=0.832) in every index. The insect fauna is closely associated with the plants and vegetation structure in the green space. Therefore, it is necessary to manage and maintain the urban green space to make it similar to the natural environment.