• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.116-125
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• 2017

Alpine plants with a scarcity of pollinators in harsh environments have been believed to undergo selfing for reproductive assurance; however, contradictory evidence is also available. Snowmelt regimes in alpine areas function to change life history characteristics of alpine plants such as flowering time and duration; yet the effects of snowmelt regimes have never been tested in alpine plants in Korea. This study was conducted to investigate the dichogamy, mating systems, and flowering characteristics of Megaleranthis saniculifolia populations [early and late snowmelt plots (ESP and LSP, respectively)] in a subalpine area of Sobaeksan Mountain in Korea. M. saniculifolia exhibited incomplete protogyny in that despite early maturation of pistils, maturation times of pistils and stamens within flowers were partly overlapped. Control and hand-outcrossing treatments produced significantly higher number of follicles and seeds per flower than autonomous and hand-selfing treatments. Based on the aggregate fruit set, the auto-fertility index (AI) and self-compatibility index (SI) were 0.33 and 0.50, respectively. Snowmelt occurred 10 days earlier in ESP than in LSP, thereby ESP and LSP showed distinct differences with regard to flower longevity and season, but showing no difference in peak flowering dates. We concluded that M. saniculifolia is an incomplete protogynous and largely outcrossing plant requiring pollinator service. Temporal variation in snowmelt time and subsequent changes in flowering characteristics under climate change may further threaten the population persistence of M. saniculifolia which has already been designated as endangered species in Korea.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.22-26
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• 2010

Seven rice germplasms with red pigmentation within the pericarp were isolated from a large mutant collection. These red pericarp phenotypes resulted from the functions of the Rc, Rd and RdRc genes. Among them, two brown pericarp of the Rc type, four red pericarp of the RdRc type, and one white pericarp of the Rd type were identified. Morphological and agronomic characteristics of those rice germplasms were studied. The Rc type germplasms have the faint red or brown color pericarp and the Rd types produce the white pericarp, whereas the RdRc type germplasms have the dark red pericarp. Most of the important agronomic characteristics including plant stature, tillering ability, spikelet fertility, and total grain yield were lower in the colored rice than those of the wild-type control. All of the studied colored rice germplasms had a tendency of easy seed-shattering in comparison to the control. These characteristics of newly identified germplasms will be useful for identifying the genes responsible for pericarp color phenotype determination.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.573-582
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• 2008

We report a newly found natural habitat of Abeliophyllum distichum in mountainous slope range of Yeongdong-gun, Chungbuk Province. Abeliophyllum distichum Nakai is one of the Korean monotypic endemic species. Natural growth habitats of this species have been recorded from seven sites up to now, and all of the natural habitats are located in middle (Chungbuk Prov.) and middle west (Jeonbuk Prov.) parts of South Korea. Among the previously recorded seven natural habitats, six sites have been designated as Korean national monuments and protected with in situ conservation. New natural habitat of A. distichum is located on northwest slope of stiff hillock area beside the small stream, Seolgye-ri, Yeongdong-eup, Yeongdong-gun, Chungbuk Province. Total growing area is nearly $3,000 m^2$. It is 10-25 cm in soil depth and pH 5.0-6.5 in soil acidity in that area. And many of A. distichum are clustered with 2-5 individuals extended by stoloniferous asexual reproduction. And the total numbers of A. distichum are about 700 individuals with only typical white flowers, and the ratio between pin type and thrum type is 37% and 63%, respectively. The huge population of A. distichum is growing with Quercus mongolica-Fraxinus rhynchophylla association in a mixed forest, and it shows high affinity with Stephanandra incisa, Ligustrum obtusifolium, Euonymus alatus for. ciliatodentatus, and Smilax sieboldi.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.413-418
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• 2010

A total of 424 plants was regenerated from the seed-culture of a rice cultivar, 'Ilpum'. The regenerated plants were grown in a greenhouse. The 297 plants with high fertility were selected among 424 plants. The harvested seeds from each plant were planted to each line at experiment field in 2008 and 2009. The each line was evaluated for the agronomic and morphological traits, also. The 64 lines (21.5%) showed significant differences in agronomic and morphological traits from donor cultivar 'Ilpum' among 297 lines. The heading date different from donor cultivar 'Ilpum' showed highest frequency in 297 lines, and accounts for 9.1% (29 lines). The phenotype of opaque endosperm and rolling leaf account for 1.7% and 1.3% in 297 lines, respectively. The genetic segregation was observed in dwarf/semi-dwarf, rolling leaf and opaque endosperm at $S_1$ generation, but not in $S_2$ generation. These results suggest that the mutant derived from a tissue-culture will be one of the promising genetic resources, due to its wide variation and high frequency of mutation, comparatively.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.445-454
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• 2022

The aim of this study was to provide basic data for breeding new varieties of Angelica gigas Nakai by identifying the growth characteristics and useful components of its below- and above-ground parts. The basic varieties expressing dark purple (N79-A), light blue-pink (62-C), and white (NN115-C) flowers were identified and collected in the cultivation area, and their seeds were cultured for use as experimental materials. Qualitative growth characteristics of the above-ground parts were then examined. Purple coloration was evident throughout the entire plant body in the N79-A group, whereas the 62-C and NN115-C groups displayed yellow-green coloration. In terms of quantitative growth characteristics, the 62-C group displayed significantly lower above- and below-ground growth than the other two groups. Levels of nodakenin and decursinol-angelate were high in the NN115-C group (0.88 ± 0.13%) and N79-A group (2.56 ± 0.12%). However, the overall results were not statistically significant. The results could provide a foundation for breeding new varieties of Angelica gigas Nakai, which are used predominantly for medicinal purposes and have low bolting and high yield potential.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.351-358
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• 1995

Since summer growth depression of forage crops limits hay production in Korea, it is important to exploit natural resources which are suitable as forage. In the preliminary experiment it was found that Panicum dichotomiflorum Michx. might be utilized as soiling and hay crop. Effects of seed stratificaion, planting date and number of harvestings on fresh and dry yields of Panicum dichotomiflorum Michx. were investigated in 1993 and 1994. Stratification of seed promoted emergence, while seed age decreased emergence. Although fresh yield was closely related with number of plants estabilished per unit area, effect of number of plants per unit area on yield was less at the later stage of growth. Higher cutting height decreased fresh and dry yield at th early stage, but final yields were not influenced by cutting height. Panicum dichotomiflorum Michx. could be harvested 3~4 times beginning 40~50 days after planting and fresh and dry yields were 9~10 tons /10a and 1.4~1.8 tons /10a, respectively. Fresh and dry yields were significantly influenced by growth duration or accumulated temperature between cuttings. Leaf blade ratio was higher at earlier planting and / or harvesting. Contens of crude protein, crude fat and crude ash were 16.32, 24.01 and 11.59%, respectively.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.81-93
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• 2016

Rehmannia glutinosa(Gaertn.) DC. is a herbaceous perennial plant and belonging to the Scrophulariaceae and used as roots for medicinal part and purpose. R. glutinosa is and usually used for fresh rehmannia root or prepared rehmannia root. However, it is very difficult to propagate using the seeds because of lack germination so it is propagated using the vegetative method as the rootstock. Currently, propagation and harvesting using the rootstock of R. glutinosa has difficulties about production of the high quality and quantity in R. glutinosa because of root rot disease. To optimize in vitro cultures and to improve the rootstock and seedling of R. glutinosa after morphological and genetical determination, 5 plant culture media (MS, DJ, LS, QL, and WPM) were used in this study then WPM was selected for better growth, for multiplication condition(WPM + IAA 1.0 mg/L + IBA 0.5 mg/L), and for root enlargement condition(WPM + NAA 0.1 mg/L) of R. glutinosa. Based on these results, in vitro seedlings of R. glutinosa were transferred to soil for acclimation with environment adaptation and shown the positive effects about root enlargement and root formation. Therefore, it can be used for high quality of R. glutinosa production and production of the rootstock based on propagation using in vitro seedlings of R. glutinosa.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2021.04a
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• pp.17-17
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• 2021

곰취는 주로 쌈용, 장아찌, 나물용 등으로 이용되고 있으며 주로 자생 곰취의 일종인 '곤달비' 라고 하는 종이 많이 재배되고 있다. 일반 곰취에 비해 곤달비는 향이 진하지 않고 씁쓸한 맛이 적어 인기가 많은 종이다. 또한 농가에서는 엽수가 많아 수량이 높기 때문에 재배를 선호하게 된 종이기도 하다. 그러나 곤달비는 수확후 여름을 지나면서 고온건조기에 흰가루병과 식물체가 위축되는 로젯현상으로 잎이 작고 진록색으로 되거나 고사하여 다음해의 수량을 저하시키는 원인이 되고 있다. 이렇게 2~3년 재배를 하면 연작장애와 더불어 결주가 생기기 시작하고 수량이 급격히 감소하는 문제가 발생되는 실정이다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 흰가루병에 저항성이면서 세력이 우수한 한대리곰취와 일반곰취를 교배하여 흰가루병에 강하고 수량성이 뛰어난 계통을 선발하여 그 동안 '쌈마니', '다목이', '곰마니', '수마니', '그린베어' 등 5품종을 육성한 바 있다. 이번에는 용도 다양화를 위하여 잎이 매우 커서 김밥처럼 곰취 밥말 이용을 선발하여 품종을 만들고자 하였다. '대마니' 품종은 2007년 7월에서 9월까지 인공교배를 하여 종자를 얻었으며 2008년 3월에 파종하여 육묘후 포장에 정식하여 생육관리를 하였다. 2013년 생육 및 수량특성 조사에서 일반적으로 많이 재배되는 '곤달비' 종보다 우수한 7033-1번 개체를 선발하였다. 선발된 7033-1번 개체는 2014년부터 2020년까지 노지포장에서 증식되면서 고농G-7호로 계통화 되었으며 2019년부터 2년간의 생육특성 검정을 통하여 최종 선발하였다. 그리고 2020년 농작물직무육성 품종선정위원회에서 신품종으로 선정되어 '대마니(Daemani)'로 명명되었다. '대마니' 품종의 특성은 엽병귀의 색이 연녹색을 띠고 엽병에 털이 있으며 잎 뒷면에 털은 없으나 광택이 없고. 엽맥밀도는 보통이다. 쌈용, 데침쌈용, 묵나물용으로 이용이 가능하다. 특히 엽장과 엽폭이 39cm와 49cm로 '잎이 커서 밥말이용으로 적당하다. 주당 엽수는 54개로 '쌈마니' 품종보다 매우 적다. 주당 수량은 4,961g 으로 '쌈마니' 1,362g 보다 3배 정도 많았다. 추대시는 8월 28일, 개화시는 9월 16일로 '쌈마니' 품종보다 약 6일 정도 늦었다. 흰가루병 저항성 정도는 '쌈마니' 품종의 중도 저항성에 비하여 전혀 병에 감염되지 않는 강한 저항성을 보였다. 이와 같은 특성의 흰가루병 저항성 품종이고 잎이 큰 '대마니' 품종이 농가에 보급되어 출하된다면 밥말이용 등 용도다양화를 통한 새로운 소비창출이 가능할 것으로 기대된다.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2020.08a
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• pp.21-21
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• 2020

본 연구는 7~10월에 백색 꽃이 개화하는 화훼류인 너도개미자리[Minuartia laricina (L.) Mattf.]를 지피용 관상식물로 활용하기 위한 재배방법을 개발하기 위하여 수행되었다. 유용식물증식센터에서 종자를 분양 받아 2019년 4월 19일에 트레이에 파종하여 충북대학교 유리온실에서 육묘한 유묘를 7월 4일에 정식하여 실험재료로 사용하였으며, 9월 24일까지 약 11주 동안 재배하였다. 식재 용기에 따른 너도개미자리의 생육을 알아보기 위하여 비닐 포트 2, 3, 4치를 이용하였다. 토양 실험은 단용토로 원예상토를 사용하였으며, 혼용토는 마사토와 중화 피트모스를 2:1, 3:1 비율로 혼합한 후 토양 9L당 퇴비 1L를 첨가하였다. 묘 소질에 관한 실험은 파종립수(1, 2, 4, 6립)와 파종용기(162, 200, 288구 트레이)를 각기 달리하여 육묘한 유묘를 정식한 후 생육을 비교하였다. 대조구는 비닐 포트 3치에 원예상토를 충진하고, 200구 트레이에 1립씩 파종하여 생산된 1셀을 정식하였다. 연구의 결과, 식재 용기에 따른 너도개미자리의 생육은 4치 비닐 포트에서 가장 효과적이었다. 그러나 경제적 측면을 고려하면, 개화율이 양호하였던 3치 포트를 이용하는 것도 고려해볼만한 것으로 판단된다. 토양 종류별로는 원예상토에서 생육이 가장 양호하였다. 그러나 너도개미자리는 배수가 잘되는 산지에 자생하는 것으로 알려져 있어, 생육이 비교적 양호한 결과를 보인 마사토와 피트모스를 3:1로 혼합한 토양에서 재배하는 것도 이용가치가 높을 것으로 생각된다. 파종 립수에 따른 너도개미자리의 개체당 생육은 셀당 파종된 립수가 적을수록 왕성하였으며, 1립과 2립 파종묘가 우수하였다. 2립 파종묘의 포트당 생체중이 가장 무거운 결과를 보였으며, 4립과 6립 파종묘는 개체당 생육이 크게 억제되어 2립 파종묘에 비해 저조하였다. 파종 용기에 따른 생육은 육묘에 사용된 용기의 크기가 클수록 정식 후 모든 생육이 왕성하였으며, 162구에서 생산한 묘가 가장 우수하였다. 한편 개화율은 200구 생산 묘가 가장 높았으며, 생육이 가장 왕성하였던 162구 생산 묘는 왕성한 생육으로 인해 개화가 비교적 지연되는 경향이었다. 결론적으로 너도개미자리의 재배는 4치 비닐 포트에 원예상토를 충진하여 200구 트레이에 셀당 2립 파종하여 생산된 유묘를 정식하는 것이 지피용 재배에 가장 효과적인 것으로 생각된다. 경제적인 측면을 고려할 때 3치 비닐 포트에 마사토와 피트모스를 3:1로 혼합한 토양을 이용하는 것도 효율적일 것으로 생각된다.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.530-538
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• 2023

This study conducted an investigation into the effects of fruit type and cultivation practices (organic and conventional) on soil characteristics and soil arthropod communities within apple, blueberry, grape, peach, and pear orchards. The collection of soil arthropod communities was achieved through the utilization of pitfall traps, with concurrent measurements taken for soil moisture content, electrical conductivity, and temperature. The findings of this study unveiled substantial impacts attributed to fruit type and cultivation practices on soil characteristics. Specifically, within organic apple orchards, discernibly higher levels of soil moisture content, electrical conductivity, and temperature were observed when compared to their conventional counterparts. The investigation into soil arthropod communities yielded a total of 1,527 individuals, classified in to five phyla and 15 orders. The range of abundance, species richness, and diversity indices varied across conventional and organic orchards. Cultivation practices were found not to exert a significant influence on soil arthropod community characteristics. However, Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling (NMDS) analysis indicated a significant differentiation in soil arthropod community structure based on cultivation practices. This study underscores the importance of considering vegetation structure and environmental characteristics that may influence soil arthropod communities comprehensively when assessing the impact of cultivation practices on soil arthropods. Furthermore, it emphasizes the need to account for both the characteristics and structure of soil arthropod communities in understanding the implications of cultivation practices on these organisms.