• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.141-160
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to devise a specific plan for activating sports to promote health in old age against the prolonged COVID-19 pandemic. Through literature review, it also analyzed the association between health status and COVID-19 in old age, suggested health promotion policies and projects for elderly people, and presented a plan for activating sport to promote health in old age against COVID-19 era. First, it is necessary to revise the relevant laws, including the Sport Promotion Act and the Elderly Welfare Act, partially or entirely, make developmental and convergent legislations for elderly health and sports, and establish an institutional device as needed. Second, it is necessary to build an integrated digital platform for the elderly and make a supporting system that links facilities, programs, information, and job creation as part of a New Deal program in the field of sports on the basis of the Korean New Deal. Third, it is necessary to train elderly welfare professionals. Efforts should be made to establish more departments related to elderly sports in universities and make it compulsory to place elderly sports instructors at elderly leisure and welfare facilities. Fourth, it is necessary to develop contents related to health in old age. This means performing diverse movements by manipulating them through a virtual reality (VR) simulation. Fifth, it is necessary to make a greater investment in research and development related to elderly sports and relevant fields. This means the need to conduct constant research on healthy and active aging in a systematic and practical way through multidisciplinary cooperation. Sixth, it is necessary to establish and operate an elderly management agency (elderly health agency) under the influence of the Office of the Prime Minister. This means the need to secure independence in implementing the functions related to health promotion in old age and make comprehensive operation, which involves all the issues of health promotion in old age, daily function maintenance and rehabilitation, social adjustment, and long-term care, by establishing an elderly management agency in an effort to give lifelong health management to the elderly and cope with the untact, New Normal age.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.304-312
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• 2020

Agarase can be used in the field of basic science, as well as for production of agar-derived high-functional oligosaccharides and bioenergy production using algae. In 2012, we summarized the classification, origin, production, and applications of agar. In this paper, we briefly review the literature on the recombinant expression of agarases from 2012 to the present. Agarase genes originated from 19 genera, including Agarivorans, Flammeovirga, Pseudoalteromonas, Gayadomonas, Catenovulum, Microbulbifer, Cellulophaga, Saccharophagus, Simiduia, and Vibrio. Of the 47 recombinant agarases, there were only two α-agarases, while the rest were β-agarases. All α-agarases produced agarotetraose, while β-agarases yielded many neoagarooligosaccharides ranging from neoagarobiose to neoagarododecaose. The optimum temperature ranged between 25 and 60℃, and the optimum pH ranged from 3.0 to 8.5. There were 14 agarases with an optimum temperature of 50℃ or higher, where agar is in sol state after melting. Artificial mutations, including manipulation of carbohydrate-binding modules (CBM), increased thermostability and simultaneously raised the optimum temperature and activity. Many hosts and secretion signals or riboswitches have been used for recombinant expression. In addition to gene recombination based on the amino acid sequence after agarase purification, recombinant expression of the putative agarase genes after genome sequencing and metagenome-derived agarases have been studied. This study is expected to be actively used in the application fields of agarase and agarase itself.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.40-47
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• 1989

Changes of principal components of crude green tea were determined after 30 min. of heat treatment at 10$0^{\circ}C$, l15$^{\circ}C$, 14$0^{\circ}C$, 16$0^{\circ}C$. Four kinds of free sugars(sucrose, fructose, glucose, raffinose) and an unidentified sugar compound were separated in green tea by using High Performance LiQuid Chromatography (H.P.L.C.). 26-34 peaks were isolated as aroma compounds of green tea by means of Gas Liquid Chromatography(G.L.C). The typical aroma component of green tea such as linalool, furfural, benzyl alcohol and 13 other substances were identified. Contents of most compounds were decreased by heat treatment. Especially contents of free amino acids, free sugars, vitamin C and tannins were decreased remarkably, while those of total nitrogen and soluble nitrogen were hardly changed. The effect of heat treatment on organoleptic quality of tea extracts were examined by sensory evaluation of which result indicated the most favorable tea was produced at 115$^{\circ}C$. The Percentages of loss in contents of total sugars, reducing sugars, vitamin C, free amino acids and tannins at 115$^{\circ}C$ were 17%, 16%, 36%, 12% and 15% respectively, while those were 38%, 53%, 55%, 74% and 23% at 16$0^{\circ}C$.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.99-104
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• 2013

Bacteriophage P2 sir mutants are inefficient helpers for their satellite bacteriophage P4. The term, "P2 sir-associated helper inefficiency" has been used to define this phenomenon and it has been suggested that the DNA sequence difference between the cos region of P2 and that of P4 is responsible. To test this hypothesis, P4 derivative phage, P4 sid71 cosP2, containing the cos region of P2 and sid71 allele was constructed through several in vitro DNA manipulation steps. Its burst size was determined using a one-step growth experiment. The results showed that the substitution of the cos region of P2 for the cos region of P4 in P4 sid71 cosP2 overcame "P2 sir-associated helper inefficiency". P4 sid71 cosP2 stock phages prepared with P2 wild type helper and P2 sir helper were analyzed using a CsCl buoyant equilibrium density gradient experiment. The results revealed that the phage particles containing three copies of the P4 genome were the predominant particles in both cases.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.281-287
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• 2006

Intraspecific diploid androgenesis was achieved in mud loach (Misgurnus mizolepis) by the inhibition of the first mitotic division using combined thermal treatment. A combined thermal treatment (heat shock at $40.5\;^{\circ}C$ for 120 sec followed by cold treatment at $1\;^{\circ}C$ for 45 min) applied to the 1st metaphase of cell division (28 min post insemination at $25\;^{\circ}C$) successfully recovered viable androgenetic diploidy. Mean hatching success of the androgenetic diploid group was 29.6%, and the average yield out of total eggs taken was about 7% assessed at 1 week of age. However, relatively large variations in the yield of diploid androgenesis were observed among different egg batches used as cytoplasmic donors. Successful diploidization was confirmed by flow cytometric analysis, and parthenogenic reproduction in a paternal exclusive manner was verified with transgene dosage. Significant mortality was found in most androgenetic groups especially from hatch to 1 month of age, although such mortality was stabilized later.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.11
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• pp.641-649
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• 2020

This study was conducted to examine the effects of instruction (explicit, implicit) and stimulus presentation time (300 ms, 500 ms) in ABM training. According to the Social Avoidance and Distress Scale (SADS) and the attention bias score (ABS), 60 undergraduate students were selected. All participants' SADS scores were above 82 and their ABS score was greater than 0. The training group was explicit-300 ms training group (n=10), explicit-500 ms training group (n=10), implicit-300 ms training group (n=10) and implicit-500 ms training group (n=10). In the implicit instruction group, only information about procedure was included. In the explicit instruction group, additional information about training manipulation (the probe always presented at the location of the preceding neutral stimuli) was provided. The control group were placebo-300 ms control group(n=10) and placebo-500 ms control group(n=10). After 8 sessions of training, the effect was only found in instruction conditions. The explicit training group showed significantly decreased SADS after training. ABS changed significantly in all three conditions but the treatment effect was most effective in the explicit instruction condition. No significant effect was found in the stimulus presentation time. These results suggest that explicit instruction might promote the effect of ABM training compared to implicit instruction.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.21
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• pp.33-49
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• 2010

Since the Web 2.0 generation, the average user is more than just enjoying the various media contents; they start to create contents, and those contents have had a huge value and great influence in recent days. The reason for the increase of users who tend to create contents is due to popularization of web based applications. Previous applications were only for the skilled person; however, new web based applications involve the average person and give him a new level of user enjoyment by allowing him to create easily with simple operations. In this paper, through analysing previous animation-creating applications which could not spread widely compared to other contents, we suggest the outline for developing a web based animation-creating application which can help the user to easily create animation contents. We have looked around at how various other contents-making applications have been changed to help the user to be able to participate in creating contents, and we suggest how animation-creating applications can be changed and developed from this analysis. We expect the conclusion of this paper to stimulate to development acting 3D animation-creating applications corresponding to the web 2.0 features - open, share, cooperate, participate. In result, users can enjoy creating the animation more actively; at the same time, we hope to help the development of the new applications which correlate to memedia generation.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.37 no.4 s.109
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• pp.423-430
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• 2004

This study intended to understand movements of turbid water in selective with drawal reservoirs before and after summer monsoon. Mean rainfall during November-May was low, compared to that during June-October. The reservoir water was discharged through watergates when previous rainfall and inflow exceeded 50 mm and $80\;m^3s^{-1}$, respectively. Intake towers were generally used except for the period of the high runoff. Average turbidity in gown-reservoir showed a difference of 29.9 NTU between premonsoon and postmonsoon. Diameter of particles of turbid water ranged between 0.435 and $482.9\;{\mu}m$. Fine particles such as clay were much denser than the larger particle. In the whole stations, clay component was relatively higher with a proportion of that in the particle distribution. Particle composition of turbid water showed that clay consisted of 94.4-98.9% and silt made of 1.1-5.6%. Analysis on turbid water movements derived from particle distribution showed a linear increase from the deep layer toward the surface layer in lower area of a reservoir. This was closely related with the hydraulic behavior of the reservoir, and heavily affected by the discharges through selective withdrawal towers and watergates. Turbid water originated from stream sediments in the middle area then resuspended in the down-reservoir causing a movement between the surface and middle layers of the reservoir. Therefore, such phenomenon needs to be understood for reservoir water quality management.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.303-311
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• 2009

A scaling up study for the exopolysaccharide (EPS) production by submerged culture of Ganoderma lucidum was carried out in jar fermenter systems (2.6, 20 and 75 L) under bi-staged pH process. Profiles of dissolved oxygen (DO) and volumetric coefficient of oxygen transfer ($k_La$) as a function of operating variables (agitation speed and aeration rate) was investigated, and a correlation between $k_La$ and operating variables was analysed statistically. Under bi-staged pH process, no limitation of DO was observed at agitation speeds tested in the range of 200 and 600 rpm, and the highest EPS production was obtained at the level of DO of $40{\sim}80%$. From the regression analysis, the relation between $k_La$, gas velocity (Vs), stirrer speed (N) and impeller diameter (Di) could be expressed as : $$k_La=0.555{\times}Vs^{0.42}{\times}(N^3{\times}Di^2)^{0.33}\;(R^2=0.925,\;p<0.05)$$ It was found that under 2.6 L jar fermenter, the optimum agitation speed and aeration rate was 400 rpm and 1 vvm, respectively, obtaining the EPS production of 15.43 g/L. Under the submerged cultivation of G. lucidum in jar fermenters of $2.6{\sim}75\;L$, the similar EPS yields at each fermenter were achieved during scaling up based on $k_La$, and $k_La$ value for maximum EPS production was $85.4{\pm}26.70\;h^{-1}$.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.241-247
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• 2015

This experimental research explores effect of cognition desire as audience's factor, and attention as context factor on audience's acquirement of information and understanding. Most previous researches of media effect focuses on news contents of TV, Newpaper and Internet. However the number of researches on TV documentary which contains lots of information very limited, and It's difficult to find researches on effect of cognition desire and attention on audience. Therefore this research tries to find effect of cognition desire and attention on audience's acquirement of information and understanding through experiment of TV current documentary. For this experimental research, 2 groups of subjects composed of 135 university students were exposed to 2 different viedeo clips of TV current documantary, one with window buzz, the other without it, after designing cognition desire as internal factor of 2 groups. Questions which were designed to measure cognition desire, acquirement of information and understanding of message were asked and analysed. This research found that subjects with higher degeree of cognition desire showed higher degree of acquirement of information and understanding than subjects with lower degree of cognition desire. However the effect of attention on audience's acquirement of information and understanding could not be found.