• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.91-99
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• 2020

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the IOPI articulator strength training program on articulator(tongue and lip) muscle strength, numbers of /l, s, ʨ/ articulation accuracy, articulatory numbers, articulation regularity and accuracy in the alternate motion rates, and sequential motion rate changes in patients with spastic dysarthria. Methods : Three cases of patients with spastic dysarthria living in Jeju, Korea, were included in this study. A single subject design was selected to study changes in articulator(tongue and lip) muscle strength, numbers of /ㄹ, ㅅ, ㅈ/ articulation accuracy, articulatory numbers, articulation regularity and accuracy in the alternate motion rates and sequential motion rates. Results : After the articulator strength training program was conducted on patients with spastic dysarthria, there were positive changes in articulator(tongue and lip) muscle strength, numbers of /ㄹ, ㅅ, ㅈ/ articulation accuracy, articulatory numbers, articulation regularity and accuracy on the alternate motion rates and sequential motion rates. Conclusion : Our findings suggest that IOPI articulator strength training program could be very useful for the most representative childeren with cerebral palsy if conducted in various subtypes of dysarthric patients and linked with articulatory function training with IOPI at home.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.213-223
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• 2016

The research mainly focused on how the nasagastric tube used to solve feeding troubles developed by 30 children with CP(Cerebral Palsy) affects the post-childhood feeding development right after their birth. It tested an articulation skill of the children and surveyed their feeding ability with their care-givers from 1st in July to 30th in August, 2015. This study conducted an investigation of the way a feeding ability affects an articulation skill. It suggested that an articulation accuracy significantly depends on whether or not the nasagastric tube is used. Also, the findings showed that the post-articulation accuracy is quite related with the problems for the liquid intake, the use of special feeding methods and tools, and biting and chewing among the evaluating problems for the childhood feeding ability. The research concluded that some areas in the early childhood feeding ability have an apparent influence on the post-articulation skill for children with CP.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.25-34
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• 2023

This study examined the utility of the acoustic features of vowels as cues for the place of articulation of Korean nasal consonants. In the acoustic analysis, spectral and temporal parameters were measured at the 25%, 50%, and 75% time points in the vowels neighboring nasal consonants in samples extracted from a spontaneous Korean speech corpus. Using these measurements, linear discriminant analyses were performed and classification accuracies for the nasal place of articulation were estimated. The analyses were applied separately for vowels following and preceding a nasal consonant to compare the effects of progressive and regressive coarticulation in terms of place of articulation. The classification accuracies ranged between approximately 50% and 60%, implying that acoustic measurements of vowel intervals alone are not sufficient to predict or classify the place of articulation of adjacent nasal consonants. However, given that these results were obtained for measurements at the temporal midpoint of vowels, where they are expected to be the least influenced by coarticulation, the present results also suggest the potential of utilizing acoustic measurements of vowels to improve the recognition accuracy of nasal place. Moreover, the classification accuracy for nasal place was higher for vowels preceding the nasal sounds, suggesting the possibility of higher anticipatory coarticulation reflecting the nasal place.

• Proceedings of the KSLP Conference
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.188-188
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• 1999

배경 : 흔히 설소대 단축증이 조음장애를 일으키는 원인 중의 하나라고 인식하여 왔으나 설소대 절개술 후에 설소대 단축증 환아들의 조음에 어떠한 변화가 일어나는 지에 대한 연구는 미흡하다. 목적 : 따라서 본원에서는 설소대 절개술이 필요하다고 진단된 아동들에 대한 조음장애의 정도를 알아보고, 설소대 절개술 전 후의 자음정확도를 분석하여 설소대 절개술의 효과에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. (중략)

• Speech Sciences
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.185-200
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• 2001

This study was designed to investigate the treatment, generalization, and maintenance effects of vocal relaxation treatment on compensatory articulation(i.e., glottalization of plosive sound) of three children with cleft palate. Multiple baseline design was applied to evaluate treatment, generalization, and maintenance effects. The targeted phonemes were ph/, th/, /t/ which Were frequently substituted by glottal stop sounds. The main component of the treatment program was vocal relaxation using humming and aspiration sound /h/. The following conclusions were deduced from the results: (1) the treatment program for compensatory articulation was effective in facilitating correct production of targeted phoneme and eliminating glottalization for all subjects, (2) the treatment effects on articulation accuracy were generalized to untreated phonemes (/c/, /c$c^{h}$/) for 2 subjects, (3) the treatment effects on decrease of glottalization were generalized to untreated phonemes for all subjects, and (4) the treatment effects were maintained for all subjects for 2 weeks after treatment was terminated.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.67-78
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• 2019

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of hand tapping on the accuracy and the fluency of speech production in children with speech sound disorder(SSD) and their typically developing peers(TD). Methods : The study subjects were 15 SSD children and 15 TD children aged 4, 5, and 6 years of age. Subjects were asked to give a picture name without hand tapping in the first experimental condition, and with hand tapping in the second experiment condition. Results : The results showed that hand tapping significantly increased disfluency in TD, whereas in SSD. it did not affect the accuracy or fluency of speech production. In addition, TD demonstrated a significant positive correlation with the changes of accuracy and disfluency due to hand tapping, whereas SSD had no correlation. Conclusion : We discussed the possibility that hand tapping could serve as an obstacle distracting attention from SSD and TD, acting as a motor gesture to facilitate phonological processing when facing the difficulty in lexical retrieval for SSD.

• 재활복지
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.231-246
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• 2018

Diadochokinesis (DDK) aims to identify the evaluating the oral mitor ability and the moter coordination ability. There are few DDK normative data on elementary school students in Korea, The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of the speed and regularity of DDK in first- and second-grade students in elementary school. The subjects were a total of 194 students in first- (45 males, 50 females) and second-grade (47 males, 52 females) in elementary schools in Gwangju Metropolitan City. As evaluation tasks, AMR task 'p?', 't?', and 'k?' and SMR task 'p?t?k?' were performed. The speed and regularity of DDK was measured using Motor speech profile (Model 5141, KayPENTAX) and Praat (v6.0.3.6). The results of this study, First, there was a statistically significant difference by grade in AMR speed for 'p?', 't?', and 'k?' and the AMR speed was faster in second grade group. And, there was no statistically significant. Second, AMR regularity showed a statistically significant difference in 'p?', 't?', and 'k?' according to sex and was found to be more regular in female student group. There was no significant difference in regularity by grade. Third, the SMR speed showed statistically significant difference in 'p?t?k?' by grade and was faster in second grade group. And there was no statistically significant difference by sex. The results of this study showed that the DDK performance ability in first- and second-grade students in elementary school was slightly different according to grade and sex. In future research, it is necessary to investigate the correlation between the articulation accuracy and linguistic intelligibility, and to find out the usefulness of DDK in articulation evaluation.

• MALSORI
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• no.61
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• pp.1-14
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between segmental correctness and speech intelligibility in adults with hearing impairment. Segmental correctness was measured by percentage of correct vowels(PCV) and percentage of correct consonants(PCC). The results were shown as follows: First, PCV and PCC could predict speech intelligibility with statistical significance. Second, in consonant classes divided by place and manner of articulation, the PCC of plosives and alveolar sounds were significant predicting variables in each group ($R^{2}=50%;\;59%$). According to this study, the importance of segmental correctness on speech intelligibility of adults with hearing impairment was confirmed. Also correctness of plosive sounds in manner and alveolar sounds in place were significant factors to speech intelligibility.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.57-66
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• 2021

This study focuses on the issue of automatic severity classification of dysarthric speakers based on speech intelligibility. Speech intelligibility is a complex measure that is affected by the features of multiple speech dimensions. However, most previous studies are restricted to using features from a single speech dimension. To effectively capture the characteristics of the speech disorder, we extracted features of multiple speech dimensions: voice quality, prosody, and pronunciation. Voice quality consists of jitter, shimmer, Harmonic to Noise Ratio (HNR), number of voice breaks, and degree of voice breaks. Prosody includes speech rate (total duration, speech duration, speaking rate, articulation rate), pitch (F0 mean/std/min/max/med/25quartile/75 quartile), and rhythm (%V, deltas, Varcos, rPVIs, nPVIs). Pronunciation contains Percentage of Correct Phonemes (Percentage of Correct Consonants/Vowels/Total phonemes) and degree of vowel distortion (Vowel Space Area, Formant Centralized Ratio, Vowel Articulatory Index, F2-Ratio). Experiments were conducted using various feature combinations. The experimental results indicate that using features from all three speech dimensions gives the best result, with a 80.15 F1-score, compared to using features from just one or two speech dimensions. The result implies voice quality, prosody, and pronunciation features should all be considered in automatic severity classification of dysarthria.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.39-46
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• 2013

This study examined the effects of phonetic complexity and articulatory severity on Percentage of Correct Consonant (PCC) and speech intelligibility in adults with dysarthria. Speech samples of thirty-two words from APAC (Assessment of Phonology and Articulation of Children) were collected from 38 dysarthric speakers with one of two different levels of articulatory severities (mild or mild-moderate). A PCC and speech intelligibility score was calculated by the 4 levels of phonetic complexity. Two-way mixed ANOVA analysis revealed: (1) the group with mild severity showed significantly higher PCC and speech intelligibility scores than the mild-moderate articulatory severity group, (2) PCC at the phonetic complexity level 4 was significantly lower than those at the other levels and (3) an interaction effect of articulatory severity and phonetic complexity was observed only on the PCC. Pearson correlation analysis demonstrated the degree of correlation between PCC and speech intelligibility varied depending on the level of articulatory severity and phonetic complexity. The clinical implications of the findings were discussed.