• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.686-700
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• 2003

In Korea, aside from their official administrative names, aliases of each province or some regions are widely used not only today but also during the Joseon period when the provincial system as local administrative system was firmly implemented. Of aliases, the most representative were Giho, Gwandong, Hoseo, Haeseo, Honam, Yaeongnam, Gwanseo, and Gwanbuk representing the eight provinces (precisely, Gyeonggi and seven provinces) of Chosun Dynasty, as well as Yeongdong and Yeongseo that represent the east and the west of Gangwon-do. These aliases are mostly based on topographical features and physiographical elements, and compared to the official names of eight provinces which depended solely on city names. Of aliases, some appeared in literature during 13-l4th centuries, and all provincial aliases seem to have been widely used after the late 15th century. Aliases continued to be used for 500 to over 700 years. Aliases of eight provinces, geographically, played not lesser role than their official names. Aliases of the eight provinces and regions during the Chosun Dynasty that have been handed down are considered as holding their places' cultural and historical backgrounds, and have become important enough to be accepted as a unit of geographical regional division. The origin and meaning of aliases of each province have been partially disclosed to the geographical circle and the general public. However, the details should be reviewed. First of all, Gwan in Gwanbuk, Gwanseo and Gwandong, as well as Yeong in Yeongnam, Yeongdong and Yeongseo, are each considered as meaning Sobaek Mountain Range and Taebaek Mountain Range with many borderline areas (borders) and military strategic hubs. Also, Ho in Honam, Hoseo, and Giho, are considered as based on the Geum River and Eurimji, and Haeseo are considered as meaning the west of the Gyeonggi Bay, and having relevancy with the first letters of Haeju and Seoha (Pungcheon).

• Proceedings of the Speleological Society Conference
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• 1992.07a
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• pp.40-41
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• 1992

본문은 동북 3성의 지리, 역사, 연구 상황을 개술하고 착중하여 조선족이 동북 3성에 이주한 시기를 4개기로 나누어 그 분포 특징을 밝혔다. 4개의 시기는 (1) 함풍-동치년 시기 (2) 광서년 시기 (3) 선통-민국년 (4) 위만 시기이다. 매시기마다 조선족이 동북 3성에 이주한 역사 지리적 배경을 천명했고 당시 조선족의 이주 노선과 분포특징을 귀납하였다. (1) 조선족이 동북에 이주하여 온 노선은 모두 20개 노선이 있었다. 그중 이주 수량이 많은 노선으로는 종성-개산툰-용정 노선, 남양-도문 노선, 만포-집안 노선이다. (2) 압록강 유역의 중간진에서 중국 림강에 들어온 이주민이 가장 일찍 했다면 두만강 유역은 10-20년 더 높다. (3) 동북 3성 조선족 인구밀도는 두만강과 압록강에 가까울수록 크고, 멀수록 작다. (4) 압록강, 두만강 유역에는 평안도와 함경도의 이주민이 많고, 두 유역에서 북쪽으로 갈수록 조선 남부의 이주민이 많다. (5) 동복 3성 조선족은 산지보다 평원에 많이 분포되었는데 동북의 수전개발에 커다란 공헌이 있다. (6) 중국 조선족에 97.1%가 동북에 집중되나, 그중에서도 길림성에 1,811,946명으로서 전국 조선족 총수의 65.8%를 차지하고, 흑룡강성에 452,398명으로서 25.2%를 차지하며, 요넝성은 230,378명으로서 9.0%를 차지하고 있다.(1990년 통계) (7) 도시에 있는 조선족은 모두가 잡거하고 농촌에서는 잡거구도 있지만 대부분은 순 조선족 부락을 이루었다.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.137.2-137.2
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• 2011

규표(圭表)는 남중하는 해의 그림자를 측정해 일 년의 길이와 절기를 알아내기 위한 관측 기기이다. 규표에 대한 우리 역사 기록에 따르면 조선시대에 8척과 40척 크기의 규표를 만들어 사용한 것으로 알려져 있다. 세종대에 간의대 서쪽에 설치한 40척 규표에 대해서는 그 구조와 크기가 상세히 기록되어 있지만 8척 규표에 대해서는 명종대의 관측 사실만이 남아있을 뿐이다. 8척 규표에 관한 국내 외 문헌과 중국에 남아 있는 유물을 조사하여 조선의 8척 규표 모델을 새롭게 복원하였다. 복원한 8척 규표는 주척(周尺, 1척=20.7cm)을 기준으로 규 21척, 표 8척의 크기이다. 오석으로 만든 규면에는 16척 길이의 눈금을 1분(2.07cm) 단위로 새겨놓았다. 청동으로 만든 표의 꼭대기에는 그림자를 명확히 나타내기 위해 길이 2척, 지름 1.2cm의 횡량(橫樑)을 설치하였다. 또한 횡량의 그림자를 정확하게 측정하기 위해 규면에 설치할 영부(影符)도 함께 연구 복원하였다. 규면에 새겨진 못(池)과 물홈(水渠)의 모양은 한국과 중국의 천문유물에 남아 있는 여러 자료와 구조적 기능을 고려해 결정하였다. 지금까지 국내에서 복원된 규표는 8척 규표에 대한 문헌 자료가 부족했기 때문에 40척 규표의 구조를 축소해서 만들어왔다. 이번에 복원한 조선의 8척 규표는 40척 규표의 축소 모형이 아닌 새로운 모델을 연구하여 제작한 것으로 한국천문연구원 앞뜰 간의 서편에 설치하였다.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.1071-1081
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• 2015

Environment-friendly agricultural products are consumed widely, but little is known about consumers' acceptability. The objectives of this study were to 1) determine consumers' acceptability of cucumber when consumed raw, 2) determine differences in appearance liking between environment-friendly and conventionally grown cucumber samples, and 3) analyze the physicochemical properties of cucumber. White dadagi, gasi, non-pesticide mini cucumber, organic gasi, and organic Joseon cucumber samples were evaluated for consumers' acceptability using a nine-point hedonic scale; White dadagi, organic Joseon, and organic gasi cucumber samples showed the highest acceptability scores. However, there were three consumer segmentations differing their degree of cucumber liking and preference. Consumers liked the appearance of organic gasi best. Consumers' preference of cucumbers did not change upon evaluation of the acceptability of the appearance of whole fruit with and without a label indicating an environment-friendly status. Additionally, the physicochemical properties of the cucumbers-including color (skin and flesh), length, circumference, weight, water activity, brix, and texture (hardness and fracturability)-were measured. All measurements showed significant differences among samples, with the exception of water activity and hardness. White dadagi was 3.8 brix, which was the highest among cucumbers, followed by non-pesticide mini cucumber and organic Joseon. White dadagi, organic Joseon, and organic gasi showed greater fracturability than the other cucumber samples.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.61-74
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• 2016

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the relationship between the location of the epicenter of a medium-sized earthquake(magnitude 4.8) that occurred on January 20, 2007 in the Odaesan area with lineament features using a shaded relief map(1/25,000 scale) and satellite images from LANDSAT-8 and KOMPSAT-2. Previous studies have analyzed lineament features in tectonic settings primarily by examining two-dimensional satellite images and shaded relief maps. These methods, however, limit the application of the visual interpretation of relief features long considered as the major component of lineament extraction. To overcome some existing limitations of two-dimensional images, this study examined three-dimensional images, produced from a Digital Elevation Model and drainage network map, for lineament extraction. This approach reduces mapping errors introduced by visual interpretation. In addition, spline interpolation was conducted to produce density maps of lineament frequency, intersection, and length required to estimate the density of lineament at the epicenter of the earthquake. An algorithm was developed to compute the Value of the Relative Density(VRD) representing the relative density of lineament from the map. The VRD is the lineament density of each map grid divided by the maximum density value from the map. As such, it is a quantified value that indicates the concentration level of the lineament density across the area impacted by the earthquake. Using this algorithm, the VRD calculated at the earthquake epicenter using the lineament's frequency, intersection, and length density maps ranged from approximately 0.60(min) to 0.90(max). However, because there were differences in mapped images such as those for solar altitude and azimuth, the mean of VRD was used rather than those categorized by the images. The results show that the average frequency of VRD was approximately 0.85, which was 21% higher than the intersection and length of VRD, demonstrating the close relationship that exists between lineament and the epicenter. Therefore, it is concluded that the density map analysis described in this study, based on lineament extraction, is valid and can be used as a primary data analysis tool for earthquake research in the future.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.8-13
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to discover who designed the common type and the individual type Goon office buildings in the Japanese colonial period, and to determine how the individual type's space-compositions were compared with the common types. The study used the literature research method. The method used an analysis of the digital images of the Goon office buildings kept in the national archive of Korea, the annotation of the images, the official documents between the Japanese government-general of Korea and To, the employee's registers of the Japanese government-general of Korea, and newspapers or journals from the Japanese colonial period. The designers of the common types were the engineers of the building-construction part in the Japanese government-general of Korea and also those in To. The space-composition of the individual types was similar to and also different from the common types at the same time, and the difference was attributed to the designers' ability and their preferences.

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.1-8
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• 2018

ACF, which is used for the transparent electrode film is manufactured by the thermocompression method with conductive particles. However, the method has disadvantages since there are many wasted materials and the process is complex. To overcome the demerits of the conventional method, EHD printing technology with conductive particles ink is proposed. The line thickness of patterning is influenced by the characteristics of the inks and the printing conditions. Therefore, it is salient to find the most conducive conditions for the micro patterning. In this paper, the ink with conductive particles was manufactured, and the patterning results were obtained by varying the nozzle thickness and the flow rate. The electrical conductivity according to the ejection of the particles ink is obtained.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.69-86
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• 2022

This study analyses the necessity of the large-size shipyard and explores competitiveness factors of it. Furthermore, the competitiveness is evaluated and the economic feasibility of building and operation of shipyard is examined. As a result of AHP analysis of the determining factors of the competitiveness of the repairing shipyard, the importance of the factors was found in the order of arrival and departure safety, repair technology, dock and wharf facilities, repair cost, repair period (on time delivery), and repair parts supply. Moving distance, repair service quality, repair parts supply, arrival and departure safety, repair technology, dock and quay wall facilities, and repair period (on time delivery) were identified as key factors in the AHP analysis for competitiveness of the Busan Port repair shipyard to be built in the future. As a result of the analysing economic feasibility, the net present value of the Busan Port repair shipyard construction and operation investment project was KRW 435.6 billion, and the internal rate of return was 9.8%, higher than the social discount rate (4.5%), and the cost-benefit ratio (B/C) was high at 1.167. As a result of the study, the necessity and economic feasibility of the Busan Port repair shipyard are sufficiently ensured, and the competitiveness assessment was highly positive.

• Bulletin of the Korean Space Science Society
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• 2010.04a
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• pp.33.3-33.3
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• 2010

17세기 이후 조선과 일본은 서로 다른 시각법을 사용하였다. 일본의 경우 서양의 자명종을 받아 들여 12시(時) 100각법(刻法)의 부정시법을 기초로 한 일식시계(和時計)인 자명종을 제작 발전시켰다. 이러한 자명종의 제작기술이 조선에 유입되었지만 조선과 일본의 시각법의 차이로 인해 정확한 기계시계임에도 불구하고 널리 보급되지 못했다. 현재 한국의 대표적인 자명종 유물은 고려대학교 박물관과 서울대학교 박물관에 소장되어 있다. 고려대학교 자명종의 경우 12시 96각법을 기준으로 하여 자명종 전면에 원형으로 12시와 1시진(時辰)에 8각(현행 1시간당 4각)으로 각인되어 있고, 그 밑 부분에 "구(九)", "팔(八)", "칠(七)", "육(六)", "오(五)", "사(四)"가 2회 반복하여 각인되어 있다. 타종장치는 파손되어 있고 구조와 형태로 봤을 때 일정한 시간에 한번 종을 치는 일정천부방식(一挺天符方式, Foliout) 자명종이다. 서울대학교 자명종은 시반에 12시와 숫자만 표기되어 있다. 이 자명종은 "구(九)", "팔(八)", "칠(七)", "육(六)", "오(五)", "사(四)"의 숫자 표기가 고려대학교 자명종과 일본 자명종 유물과는 다르게 반대의 방향으로 표기되어 있다. 이 자명종의 타종장치는 정해진 시각에 해당 시각만큼 타종하는 장치가 달린 이정천부방식(二挺天符方式) 자명종 형식이다. 서울대학교 자명종의 경우 일부 부품이 유실되고 개조된 것으로 보이며, 야간용 천부(天符)와 알람장치가 유실된 상태이다. 이는 일본의 부정시법 자명종을 조선의 정시법로 사용하기 위해서 개조한 것으로 여겨진다. 수차례에 걸친 국내와 일본의 학술조사를 수행하여 당시의 조선과 일본의 시각법에 대한 비교조사와 유물 및 문헌을 통해서 두 자명종의 구동방식을 알게 되었다. 또한 일본의 자명종 제작 기술 발달 과정과 비교하여 두 자명종의 제작시기 등을 추정하였다. 아울러 두 자명종의 파손된 부분에 대한 구조를 연구하여 기계적 작동원리에 대한 개념도를 제시하고자 한다.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.105-113
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• 1999

This paper resents a prediction method of natural frequencies of coupled horizontal and torsional vibration of hull girder based on design sensitivity analysis in case of the changes of system parameters. The sensitivity analysis is formulated applying the direct differentiation method and transfer matrix method. In the analysis, warping, shear deformation due to torsion and the continuity condition at the connected part of open and closed hull section are considered. Using the presented method. The affection for natural frequencies by the change of system parameters, especially cargo and added mass and their centers, is numerically investigated for a real large container carrier.