• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.10-21
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• 2018

This study used text mining methodology to focus on the perceptions of the landscape embedded in text that users spontaneously uploaded to the "Taean Travel"blogpost. The study area is the Taean Coast National Park. Most of the places that are searched by 'Taean Travel' on the blog were located in the Taean Coast National Park. We conducted a network analysis on the top three places and extracted keywords related to the landscape. Finally, using a centrality and cohesion analysis, we derived landscape perceptions and the major characteristics of those landscapes. As a result of the study, it was possible to identify the main tourist places in Taean, the individual landscape experience, and the landscape perception in specific places. There were three different types of landscape characteristics: atmosphere-related keywords, which appeared in Kkotji Beach, symbolic image-related keywords appeared in Sinduri Coastal Sand Dune, and landscape objects-related appeared in Manlipo Beach. It can be inferred that the characteristics of these three places are perceived differently. Kkotji Beach is recognized as a place to appreciate a view the sunset and is a base for the Taean Coast National Park's trekking course. Sinduri Coastal Sand Dune is recognized as a place with unusual scenery, and is an ecologically valuable space. Finally, Manlipo Beach is adjacent to the Chunlipo Arboretum, which is often visited by tourists, and the beach itself is recognized as a place with an impressive appearance. Social media data is very useful because it can enable analysis of various types of contents that are not from an expert's point of view. In this study, we used social media data to analyze various aspects of how people perceive and enjoy landscapes by integrating various content, such as landscape objects, images, and activities. However, because social media data may be amplified or distorted by users' memories and perceptions, field surveys are needed to verify the results of this study.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.74-84
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• 2016

Literacy on food additives of elementary school teachers (ET) and nutrition teachers (NT) could be influential factor on safe dietary education for school children. Therefore, the perceptions and information needs on food additives were surveyed from 351 elementary school teachers and nutrition teachers in metropolitan area of Korea, and the basic data for the promotion of risk communication on food additives among them were obtained. Compared to ET who consider 'taste' (39.1%) as the most important factor while purchasing food, NT considered 'safety' (68.1%) first (p < 0.001). Among the food labelling items, the level of understanding on food additives was the lowest both in ET (3.53) and NT (4.17), and NT showed better levels of understanding overall on food labels. Both ET and NT regarded hazardous factors of food as environmental pollutants, foodborne pathogens, and food additives in order, and tended to select 'no additives' or 'no artificial color' products while purchasing processed food. Although NT answered that they know all food additives had been passed the evaluation of safety and effectiveness tests (100%) and have standards of use (81.9%), majority of them (87.5%) believed the consumption of food additives are harmful on human health. ET (75.2%) also regarded food additives as dangerous materials. Above results suggested the necessity of proper and enough risk communication for both ET and NT. Both ET and NT wanted to have information on the safety or hazard of food additives. Most preferred media to get the information on food additives was TV (3.80) among ET and lecture (3.65) among NT. ET and NT trusted hospital, research institution/universities or the personnels working in these institutions as the provider of information on food additives. The result that the trust levels of ET and NT on government were relative low suggested the weakness of risk communication in Korean government. Although ET and NT answered that they do not trust mass media, their behaviors were affected by them such as reading food labels in ET (39.4%) and reducing the consumption of food additives in NT (50%). They also indicated mass media's problem of sensitive approach on food additives and asked the urgent reaction of government by providing sound information through experts on food additives. Above results revealed that ET and NT have different perceptions and information needs on food additives, therefore, proper risk communication should be provided for them to serve as dietary educators for elementary school children.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.407-417
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• 2017

This study examined the extent to which childcare methods of infant classroom childcare teachers who respect infant rights in the everyday teaching curriculum at day-care centers occurs. To achieve these objectives, a questionnaire survey was conducted on 210 infant classroom childcare teachers who were in charge of the day-care center classrooms located in [G] city of [J] province. The results of the research confirmed that first there were no statistically significant differences when verifying the extent to which childcare methods of infant classroom childcare teachers who respect infant rights in the everyday teaching curriculum at day-care centers according to the final education level, professional experience, age, and education major of the infant classroom childcare teacher. On the other hand, the results confirmed that when analyzing for arrival time for infant classroom childcare instruction at the day-care center and for the time spent taking the infant to and from the bathroom, the infant classroom childcare teachers who had graduated from 2 year colleges showed more respect for infant rights compared to that of infant classroom childcare teachers who had graduated from 4 year universities, and for the arrival time for infant classroom childcare instruction at the day-care center and nap times, the infant classroom childcare teachers who were above 50 years of age showed more respect for infant rights compared to that of infant classroom childcare teachers who were in their 30s and 40s. The results of the research confirmed that there were statistically significant differences for both the age and education major of the infant classroom childcare teachers. When examining each of the sub-factor, the age of the infant classroom childcare teachers, respect for the infant's opinion, respect for individuality, and for information provision, infant classroom childcare teachers older than 50 years of age were shown to exercise a higher level of respect for the infant according to the rule of prioritizing the infant compared to infant classroom childcare teachers in their 30s and 40s, and infant classroom childcare teachers who majored in infant education-related majors exercised a higher level of respect for the infant for respecting freedom and autonomy compared to that of infant classroom childcare teachers who majored in welfare and childcare-related fields. The results of the research confirmed a statistically significant static correlation between the two related variables. Therefore, this suggests that the more childcare methods of infant classroom childcare teachers who respect infant rights in the everyday teaching curriculum at day-care centers, the more childcare methods of infant classroom childcare teachers who respect infant rights occurred according to the rule of prioritizing the infant. These results can be used to establish both quantitatively and qualitatively an excellent and balanced respect for infant rights.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.324-346
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• 1996

A survey was conducted to study attitudes of physician, nurse and patient towards physician's and nurse's uniform, from March 1 to March 31, 1996. The study population was 130 physicians and 147 nurses engaged in Yeungnam University Medical Center and 211 inpatients of Yeungnam University Medical Center. A questionnaire method was used to collect data. The following are summaries of findings: In the respect of physician's uniform, both physicians and nurses preferred other type of gown to the traditional coat-typed one and especially, nurses preferred more than physicians. Patients showed no difference in the preference of the traditional one and other form of gown as a whole but those who had higher educational level preferred other form of gown(p<0.01). Regarding the color of physician's gown, 73.6% of physicians and nurses liked white color, and 86.3% of the patients also liked the white color. Male physicians preferred the white color more than female physicians and nurses(p<0.01). Patients showed no meaningful difference for the color. The opinion of insisting on wearing a necktie when physician see patients was given by male physicians, physicians of fifty or more, physicians working in the field of medicine and professors, which showed significantly higher percentage than other groups(p<0.01). In the group of patiens， the same opinion was given by female, the group of sixty or more, the group of elementary school graduates or less and people residing in other cities and counties more than male, the group of other ages, the group of having higher educational level and people of Taegu city(p<0.01). It tended to agree wearing casual wear of physician during the working time of weekend and holiday as a whole. Younger physicians showed significantly higher preference for it(p<0.05). Regarding the nurse's uniform, both physicians and nurses preferred trousers, and 96% of the nurses did. Especially, nurses who were forty years old or more and who served at outpatient department and administrative and aid parts expressed 100 percent partiality to trousers. For the patients, those who had lower educational level preferred skirt and those who had higher educational level preferred trousers. As to the color of nurse's gown, 46.7% of the physicians and nurses liked white color. The physicians preferred white and nurses preferred other color(p<0.01). Of the patients, 79.1% liked white color. Regarding the wearing cap, 95.9% of the nurses replied it didn't have to wear the cap. The nurses who were fifty or more and who served at outpatient department and special parts gave whole answers of not having to wear the cap. On the other hand, 77.7% of the patients answered nurse had to wear the cap. From the above findings, it would be advisable to give a change to the forms and colors of the gowns to match with the trend and sense of the time instead of insisting on the traditional typical ones.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.11
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• pp.321-331
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• 2017

This study was conducted to identify communication types of nurses, satisfaction with nursing services and intent to revisit the hospital by hospitalized patients, and to investigate factors influencing intent to revisit the hospital at a time of expansion of comprehensive nursing care service. The subjects consisted of 123 hospitalized patients in sixgeneral hospitals with more than 100 beds in Gyeongsangnam-do. Data were collected by a self-report questionnaire from July 1 to July 30, 2017. The collected data were analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and hierarchical regression. There were significant differences in intend to revisit the hospital depending on age(F=9.83, p<0.001), gender(t=-3.82, p<0.001), marital status(t=2.24, p=0.028), education(F=11.92, p<0.001) and days of hospitalization(F=7.81, p<0.001). Intent to revisit the hospital indicated a significantly positive correlation between informative(r=0.609, p<0.001) and affiliative(r=0.536, p<0.001) communication types and satisfaction with nursing services(r=7.97, p<0.001), as well as a significantly negative correlation with authoritative communication types(r=-0.356, p<0.001). Factors influencing intent to revisit the hospital were informational communication type(${\beta}=0.38$, p=0.003) and satisfaction with nursing services(${\beta}=0.84$, p<0.001). Based on these findings, it is necessary to develop various educational programs and conduct systematic education to facilitate effective communication between nurses and patients in order to improve the quality of nursing service and satisfaction of patients admitted to comprehensive nursing care services.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.475-482
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• 2007

This study was done to analyze nutrition counseling services in health promotion center and to investigate demands of subjects for nutrition services. Data was collected through the survey of 90 subjects. The results were as follows. The results of people receiving nutrition services showed that 58.5% of the counseling group and 46.4% of the non-counseling group answered having experience with nutrition services. And 50% of them received nutrition counseling through individual counseling. Diet therapy with health check-up results also appeared the highest in contents of nutrition counseling. As a source of nutrition information and health knowledge, subjects relied heavily or most on the TV, internet, books, magazines, and newspapers. On the other hand, they relied much less on advice from dietitians, nutritionists, medical doctors and nurses. The experience of receiving nutrition services and thinking about nutrition education related positively. It showed that the counseling group (95.1%) was significantly higher than the non-counseling group (80.5%) in necessity of nutrition assessment. But, necessity of nutrition counseling wasn't significantly different between the two groups. The method of nutrition counseling subjects preferred was individual consultation. The subjects answered to having need of analysis and evaluation of nutrient intake and calorie prescription in nutrition assessment and individual nutritional status results explanation in nutrition counseling. In conclusion all people visiting health promotion centers need nutrition service of some kind.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.2607-2616
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• 2012

This study was designed to figure out patient safety culture of medical institutions and try to utilize the study results as basic data for analyzing doctor's awareness of patient safety culture. To this end, questionnaire survey was conducted from August 1st to September 5th, 2011, targeting doctors working at senior general hospitals located in G city, and 194 questionnaires were utilized for final analysis. The research results are as follows. First, there was a difference in awareness of deployment of staffs depending on gender, age, term of service in the hospital, contact with patients and working hours per week in relationship between subjects, wards and hospital safety culture, and organizational learning and teamwork in the ward turned out to be significant in accordance with working hours per week, and all sub-areas of the ward safety culture by departments. Second, feedback about the malpractice, communication, report on malpractice frequency and overall safety awareness were found to be significant by departments in relationship of subjects, medical incident reporting system, patient safety evaluation and overall level of consciousness, and the overall safety awareness showed significant results according to contact with patients and working hours per week. Third, there was a positive corelation in sub-areas of the ward and hospital safety culture awareness, overall recognition and patient safety evaluation, and a positive corelation with medical incident reporting system was found in all areas except for attitude of managers/immediate supervisors and that of hospital executives. Fourth, sub-areas of patient safety culture which has a effect on patient safety showed significant results in organizational learning, openness of communication, overall safety awareness, systematic cooperation between departments, feedback/communication and non-punitive response. In conclusion, to increase the level of the ward and hospital patient safety culture of doctors and implement medical incident reporting system faithfully, it is necessary to activate teamwork through organizational learning in the ward based on the adequate staffing and working hours, promote open communication between departments and provide feedback on medical malpractice, thereby establishing a cooperative system by departments and active support of hospital executives for patient safet.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.191-214
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• 2018

This research empirically analyzed the selection factors and the locational selection factors of the medical service facilities according to the gradual increase of the importance of the selection factors and the locational selection factors regarding the establishments of the small- and medium-sized hospitals according to the rapid changes of the socio-economic conditions. By analyzing the priority order according to the levels of the importance of each evaluation item factor through a research related to the selection factors and the locational selection factors of the small- and medium-sized hospitals and by drawing what the important factors that have the influences on the competitiveness of the pre-existent small- and medium-sized hospitals are through the classification of the real estate locational factors and the non-locational factors, the purpose lies in utilizing them as the basic data and materials for the opening strategies of the small- and medium-sized hospitals considering the special, locational characteristics according to the important factors of the selection factors of the small- and medium-sized hospitals, regarding the medical suppliers that have been preparing, for opening the new, small- and medium-sized hospitals. Based on the results of the preceding researches and the researches on the case examples, 28 evaluation factors were arrived at in terms of the level of the medical treatment, the medical services, the accessibilities of the hospitals, the conveniences of the hospitals, and the physical environment. And, regarding the 28 detailed evaluation factors that had been collected, through the interviews with the related experts, the 5 factors of the medical level, the medical service, the expertise of the hospital, the convenience of the hospital, and the physical environment were selected as the upper class evaluation factors. And, according to each upper class, a total of 28 low-part evaluation factors were selected. Regarding the optimal evaluation factors that were selected, the optimal locational factors were selected by carrying out an AHP questionnaire survey investigation with 200 medical experts as the subjects. Regarding the AHP analysis results, similarly with the case examples of the precedent researches, the levels of the importance appeared in the order of the medical level, the medical services, the accessibility of the hospital, the physical environment, and the convenience. And the factors that were related to the facilities of a hospital appeared low. The results of this research can be applied in providing the basis for the decision-makings regarding the selections of the locations of the small- and medium-sized hospitals in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.71-78
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• 2001

Objectives：Few studies have examined the psychiatric properties or child developmental problems associated with inversion of chromosome 9. The purpose of this study is to examine the psychiatric properties of child patients who have inversion of chromosome 9, focused on behavioral problems and child developmental problems like motor or language developmental delay, intellectual impairment, and growth retardation. Methods：1) The authors examined the cases referred for cytogenetic examination from 1984 to 2000 at Seoul National University Hospital in Korea. The cases with the examination result of inversion of chromosome 9 were collected and informations about the departments which referred and the main reasons for referral were also checked. 2) 12 child subjects with inversion of chromosome 9 and their parents underwent psychiatric interview and parent questionnaire(child and adolescent past history questionnare, CBCL). 45 normal students whose sex and age were matched to patients were selected as a control group. Results：1) There were 165 cases of inversion of chromosome 9. The major departments which referred were Obstetrics and Gynecology(47.3%), Pediatrics(23.6%) and Child and Adolescent Psychiatry(17.0%). The major reasons for referral from the Pediatrics and the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry department (67 cases total) were intellectual impairment(35.8%), language or motor developmental delay(31.3%), suspected Fragile X syndrome(23.9%), and growth retardation(20.9%). 2) Compared to normal control group, the rate to be included in the clinical range with regard to the social problems profile was higher in patient group according to the CBCL results. The patient group had language and motor developmental delay. Conclusion：There is a possibility of inversion of chromosome 9 to be associated with child developmental problems or behavioral problems. This study is the first approach to evaluate the developmental aspects associated with inversion of chromosome 9.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.132-139
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to obtain data for contribution of job characteristics (workload, autonomy, reward, community, fairness, and value) to job burnout (emotional exhaustion, and cynicism), and job engagement (vigor, dedication, and absorption) in foodservice dietitians. Our survey was administered to 393 school foodservice dietitians in the Busan area on February 11, 2014. The mean scores of nutrition teachers were significantly higher for autonomy (P<0.01), reward (P<0.05), community (P<0.01), fairness (P<0.001), and value (P<0.001) than unlimited period contract dietitians. The mean scores of high school dietitians were significantly higher for emotional exhaustion (P<0.01) and cynicism (P<0.001) than elementary school dietitians and middle school dietitians. Workload (r=-0.609, P<0.001), reward (r=-0.417, P<0.001), and fairness (r=-0.394, P<0.01) correlated significantly with emotional exhaustion. Reward (r=-0.324) and value (r=-0.423) correlated significantly (P<0.01) with cynicism. Value correlated significantly (P<0.01) with vigor (r=0.493), dedication (r=0.480), and absorption (r=0.460). Workload (${\beta}=-0.521$, P<0.001) had the highest negative influence on emotional exhaustion, whereas value (${\beta}=-0.325$, P<0.001) had the highest negative influence on cynicism. Value had the highest positive influence on vigor (${\beta}=0.392$, P<0.001), dedication (${\beta}=0.443$, P<0.001), and absorption (${\beta}=0.444$, P<0.001). Based on the results of this study, school management should plan job characteristics strategies to reduce workload and increase value for school foodservice dietitians.