• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.357-366
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• 2013

This study investigates to explain preference heterogeneity of respondents for economic valuation in washland of Upo wetland using Mixed Logit Model and Latent Class Model. Mixed Logit Model showed respondent heterogeneity in the attributes of wetland area and funds as well as some alternatives violated IIA assumption. 2-class Latent Class Model for respondents were used to explain the sources of the heterogeneity. Class 1 respondents who are located relatively close to Upo wetland had more experience and knowledge of Upo wetland and better understood the information suggested in the questionnaire than class 2 respondents in mostly metropolitan area of Seoul, Incheon.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.39 no.12 s.173
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• pp.1031-1042
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• 2006

In recent years, a growing concern exists in watershed and stream improvement projects. Under these circumstances, this paper estimates monetary value of the attributes of alternatives for rehabilitation of hydrologic cycle using choice experiments. Choice experiments shows vivid image and estimates a willingness to pay based on their preference for environmental goods. A preliminary survey shows that the attributes of the Anyangcheon watershed are flood-damage possibilities, Instreamflow, water quality, river characteristic and estimates the tax for the Anyangcheon watershed improvements. We surveyed 200 citizens were selected as samples of watershed beneficing in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province and used conditional logit model to analyze the implicit values of the attributive per household. The benefit of the attributes by province based on the implicit price obtained from estimated parameters were calculated. This study is expected to contribute to the decision-making process for policy-makers by providing useful methodological framework and quantitative information related to watershed improvement projects.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.49-77
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• 2021

This study uses a choice experiment approach to examine whether different types of feedstocks as well as other attributes such as the cost of bioethanol, bioethanol blending ratio, and government support policies affect consumers' biofuel preferences. We apply a standard conditional logit model, a mixed logit model (MLM), and individual coefficient estimation model (ICM) to estimate the parameters of the investigated attributes. The results show that people prefer domestic and non-food feedstock, along with tax exemption as a support policy. All the attributes show unobservable preference heterogeneity in the MLM and ICM. In particular, willingness to pay for attributes are higher in the genetically modified (GM) feedstock-unknown group than in the known one. We show the importance of using domestic and non-food feedstocks and managing GM feedstocks carefully to avoid consumer resistance when producing bioethanol in South Korea.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.101-127
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• 2010

The purpose of the research is to tackle proximity effects (PEs) when nonmarket valuation method CVM is applied to environmental goods such as tidal flats. 1,000 households are surveyed in the ratio of national household for the research. The sample are reclassified into five areas by 30-minute distance. Log-linear are used to analysis PEs in the research. On conclusion log-linear model regarding income effects proves that PEs are apparently represented in NMVMs(${\theta}_1$ >0. ${\theta}_2$ >0 and $dum1{\neq}0$, $dum2{\neq}0$, $dum3{\neq}0$, $dum4{\neq}0$) as a result of a 5 per cent significant level of t -test and F-test, finally rejecting the null hypothesis. In addition, WTP of area I respondents shows 26 per cent more then that of area V respondents, which is from \87,969 to \64,866 in the open-ended format. Finally, the research proves that the PEs in CVM are evidently represented with the econometric model, hence the PEs have to be embedded into the questionnaire of non-market valuation methods with the environmental goods to reduce the underestimation and improve the estimation accuracy.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.427-449
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• 2007

This study estimates the recreation benefits of rafting on the Hantan River. A choice experiment is conducted and the economic values of controlling water stream and water quality are estimated. Both the conditional logit and the multinomial pro bit models are estimated. This study rejects the IIA assumption of the conditional log it model and supports using a more flexible model such as the multinomial probit model.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.683-699
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• 2007

This study applied the choice experiment (CE) method to measure values of statistical lives from multi-attributed mortality risk reduction choices. The four characteristics of mortality risk (i.e. cause of death, voluntariness of mortality risk, timing of death, magnitude of mortality risk reduction) are utilized to design the alternatives of choice sets. The estimation results for the multinomial logit model show that individuals are willing to pay 27,930 won per year for a change from the status quo to a $\frac{1}{100}$ mortality risk reduction for 10 years, 116,773 won per year for mortality risk reduction associated with adults, 97,682 won per year for voluntary mortality risk reduction, 77,234 won per year for involuntary mortality risk reduction. There were several estimates of VSL related to different attributes of mortality risk. The mean VSLs of infant/child/young adult ranged from 1,165 million won to 1,367 million won. The mean VSLs ranged from 1,631 million won to 1,833 million won for adult, and were between 1,128 million won and 1,330 million won for old person.

• Design Convergence Study
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.17-37
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the value of the center of age-friendly goods to confirm the public value of the center. 152 elderly participants, either who have utilized the center themselves or who have experienced the center indirectly through the image have participated in the study. The experience of age-friendly product center was evaluated by the contingent valuation method, which is widely used in the public services. A double-bounded dichotomous choice (DB-DC) log-logistic model and a log-normal model were conducted. As the result of the estimation, the truncated mean of the log-logistic model was 3,401 Korean won, with the mean of 4,937 won. In addition, the truncated mean of the log-normal model was 3,433 won, with the mean of 4,144 won. Elderly who have not experienced the center placed a higher value on the center, compared to the experienced elderly. The results imply the necessity to enlarge the opportunity for future suppliers to experience the center for age-friendly products, in order to improve their objective understandings. In addition, the necessity of expanding exhibition products and applying age-friendly designs is proposed, to offer various attractive experiences to elderly.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.438-448
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• 2011

The purpose of this paper is to enrich storytelling contents for culture and tourism industry and provide the implication for carrying out governmental policy by estimating economic value of storytelling using a Contingent Valuation Method. The empirical result shows that the economic value of storytelling development in culture and tourism industry is annually estimated 16,000 won per person, resulting from logit model and WTP mean method. The willingness-to-pay, degree of support and perception of the policy and culture contents expenditure have meaningful effects on probability of supporting and participating in execution of the policy. The findings imply that the economic value of storytelling development highly increases as the interest and expenditure of culture contents increase. Futhermore, informing storytelling related policy and business to the people will increase economic value of fostering storytelling-based culture and tourism.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.99 no.6
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• pp.891-899
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to estimate economic value of forest landscape function using conditional logit model, applied by Choice Experiment. For the study, we have chosen attributes and levels of forest landscape. In specific, topographical forest type, forest type, forest density, recreational factor (side trip, accessibility of valley) and WTP were included in attributes. Based on factors, we have made 48 choice sets with Balanced and Orthogonal form using SAS 9.1. The efficiency of questionnaire was 6.02 (D-Error: 0.1) and choice set and socio-economic variable were selected. In order to reduce cognitive load of respondent, 96 choice sets were divided into 4 types in questionnaire so that respondent could respond to 12 choice sets respectively. Population was citizens from 7 metropolitan cities including Seoul, and the interview survey was conducted to find out average annual WTP per household for the total 280 interviewees. As a result, In the Non-ASC model, Mcfadden' ${\rho}$ had 0.21, and Log Likelihood: -2,631. Average annual WTP per household for forest landscape was 266,723 Won(Korean currency).

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.337-346
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• 2004

The Pearson chi-square goodness-of-fit test and the likelihood ratio tests are usually used for testing independence in two-way contingency tables under random sampling. But both of these tests may provide false results for the contingency table with clustered observations. In this case we consider the generalized linear mixed model which includes random effects of clustering in addition to the fixed effects of covariates. Both the heterogeneity between clusters and the dependency within a cluster can be explained via generalized linear mixed model. In this paper we introduce several types of generalized linear mixed model for testing independence in contingency tables with clustered observations. We also discuss the fitting of these models through a real dataset.