• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.48 no.6
• /
• pp.519-529
• /
• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of food insecurity in Korean elderly and to analyze the health status as well as food and nutrient intakes according to food insecurity status. Methods: A total of 939 elderly subjects (over 65 years old) were used in our analysis from the fifth 2010 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES V-1). The variables consisted of general characteristics, physical and mental health, nutrient intake, rate of deficient intake of energy and nutrients compared with Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans (KDRIs) and food quality and diversity according to the status of food insecurity. Food insecurity status was measured using a self-reported food security questionnaire on the dietary situation in the previous year, and participants were classified according to three groups: food secure group, mildly food insecure group, and moderately/severely food insecure group. Results: The proportion of the food insecure group was approximately 67% and the food insecure group had lower income and educational status than the food secure group. Food insecurity was associated with worse physical and mental health status after adjusting potentially confounding variables. The results showed that food insecurity in Korean elderly significantly affected mental health (including stress cognition, depression experience, and suicide thoughts) which exceeded stages of physical health. In addition, food insecurity showed significant association with low nutrient intake and high rate of deficient intakes of energy and nutrients compared with KDRIs, and a reduction of dietary quality and diversity was indicated in the food insecure group. Conclusion: This study concludes that the prevalence of food insecurity may affect the physical and mental health as well as dietary intake of the elderly Korean population. Therefore, food insecurity should be considered as an important public health issue in Korea.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.55 no.1
• /
• pp.120-140
• /
• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate whether adherence to the Korea Healthy Eating Index (KHEI) was associated with metabolic syndrome and risk markers. Methods: The participants included 8,345 adults, aged 20-59 years, who took part in the 7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). The data were analyzed using a complex-sample t-test, the Rao Scott χ²-test, and logistic regression analysis on the SPSS v. 26.0 software. The participants were divided into four groups by quartiles of KHEI scores. Results: The average KHEI score was 61.06 points out of 100, and the women's score (62.50 points) was significantly higher than that of men (59.63 points). The KHEI quartiles status showed significant differences by age (p < 0.001), household income (p < 0.001), smoking status (p < 0.001), and food security. Specifically, the KHEI quartiles in the men showed significant differences in education (p < 0.001) and economic activity (p < 0.001) whereas those of women showed significant differences in alcohol-consumption (p < 0.001), depression (p < 0.01) and eating-out (p < 0.001). As the KHEI scores increased, the proportion of subjects with an energy intake below the estimated energy requirement (EER) was lower, and significantly better levels of intake were observed for carbohydrate, protein, vitamin C, calcium, vitamin B₁, vitamin B₂, and niacin. The incidence of the metabolic syndrome risk factors, hypertriglyceridemia and hyperglycemia for men and hypertension, and hyperglycemia for women showed significant differences. The KHEI scores were inversely associated with abdominal obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, hyperglycemia, hypertension, and metabolic syndrome. Conclusion: Based on these results, we conclude that higher adherence to the KHEI was associated with lower metabolic syndrome risk factors and incidence of the metabolic syndrome.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.46-53
• /
• 2021

This study aimed to compare general and female health-related factor between day-work and shift-work worker. It is based on the data of the Korea National Health&Nutrition Examination Survey(KNHANES) 2nd year on 7th period. The number of participants was 10,430. Out of the participants, 1,995 workers' dara was analyzed. The age, marital status, education level, occupational status and childbirth experience of female workers indicated significant differences between day and shift work. By contrast, health-related quality of life did not represent significant differences these factors; income, subjective health cognition, stress perception, depression experience, menarcheal age, menopausal age and breastfeeding period. The shift work is inevitably implemented as an industrial development and flexible work hours. Therefore, social and national attention and measures as well as those of individual workers are required to reduce the side effects from shiftwork.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.47 no.4
• /
• pp.247-257
• /
• 2014

Purpose: It is reported that most senior people consume a high carbohydrate diet, while a high carbohydrate diet could contribute to the risk of chronic disease. The aim of this study is to determine whether a high carbohydrate diet can increase the risk of chronic disease in elderly Koreans. Methods: Using the 2007-2009 Korean National Health Nutrition Examination Survey data, out of a total of 3,917 individuals aged 65 and above, final 1,535 subjects were analyzed, divided by dietary carbohydrate energy ratio into two groups of moderate carbohydrate ratio (MCR, 55-70%) and excessive carbohydrate ratio (ECR, > 70%). All data were processed after the application of weighted value, using a general linear model or logistic regression. Results: Eighty one percent of elderly Koreans consumed diets with carbohydrate energy ratio above 70%. The ECR group included more female subjects, rural residents, lower income, and lower education level. The ECR group showed lower waist circumference, lower diastolic blood pressure, and lower frequency of consumption of meat and egg, milk, and alcohol. The intake of energy and most nutrients, with the exception of fiber, potassium, vitamin A, and carotene, was lower in the ECR group compared to the MCR group. When analyzed by gender, the ECR group showed lower risk of dyslipidemia in male and obesity in female subjects, even though the ECR group showed low intake of some nutrients. No difference in the risk of hypertension, diabetes, and anemia was observed between the two groups in male or female subjects. Conclusion: This result suggested that a high carbohydrate diet would not be a cause to increase the risk of chronic disease in the elderly. Further study is needed in order to determine an appropriate carbohydrate energy ratio for elderly Koreans to reduce the risk of chronic disease.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.21 no.12
• /
• pp.440-448
• /
• 2020

This study was conducted to identify the factors affecting breastfeeding in adult women based on socio-demographic and health-related characteristics using the results of KNHANES VII-3. The data was analyzed by applying weights, using the complex sample analysis method of the SPSS Win 22.0 program. Breastfeeding was influenced significantly by age, education level, and the current smoking status. Women in the age group of 30-39 years had a breastfeeding rate that was 3.06 times higher than 19-29 year old women. Also, the breastfeeding rates for women with an education level under elementary school were 4.70 times higher than those with a college degree or higher education level and non-smokers and ex-smokers had levels 2.51 times higher than smokers. Therefore, for mothers under the age of 30, education on breastfeeding should be further strengthened. For mothers over 40 years old, lactation support to increase the milk supply should be provided as well as assistance toward care for other children in the family. Also, better-educated mothers will need to learn effective breastfeeding methods in limited environments such as work-life, and a social atmosphere needs to be established that is considerate to lactating women. Furthermore, education related to pregnancy and lactation should be provided for use in smoking cessation programs for female smokers.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
• /
• v.19 no.5
• /
• pp.731-742
• /
• 2019

Objectives: To analyze the association between sleep duration and the number of remaining teeth in people aged 65 years or older in order to provide basic data for improving sleep quality and developing oral health programs for teeth maintenance. Methods: The raw data for the analysis were obtained from the sixth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) dataset, conducted between 2013 and 2015. The 4,340 subjects included in the study underwent oral examinations and then proceeded to answer related questions. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS (ver 23.0) program via composite samples, with the calculations for mean, standard deviation, chi-square test, and logistic return analysis being performed. Results: An analysis of the effect of sleep duration on the number of remaining teeth among people aged >65 years old showed that if the confounding variables were not corrected for, the risk of having less than 9 hours of sleep was 1.40 times higher (95% CI: 1.06-1.86). However, this was not statistically significant in models that corrected for gender, age, and other confounding variables (p>0.05). Conclusions: The association between sleep duration among the elderly with their number of remaining teeth was confirmed. Therefore, measures to improve sleep quality and oral care practices to maintain the remaining teeth in people over 65 years old should be developed.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.94-106
• /
• 2022

This study was attempted to investigate relationship between level of frailty and sleep duration in the Korean older adults using data from the 8th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(KNHANES VIII-1, 2019). The subjects were 1,690, complex sample frequency, descriptive statistics, cross and logistic regression analysis were performed using SPSS program. As a main result, sleep duration simultaneously adjusted for general, health behavior and disease characteristics did not show significant relationship between frail level, but 'not recommended' sleep duration is significantly decreased 70~74 years old, significantly increased lower level of education, lower level of income, and a lot of perceived stress. Finally, personal and social efforts are required to prevent frailty, improve sleep duration of older adults.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
• /
• v.42 no.2
• /
• pp.79-86
• /
• 2017

Objectives: Metabolic syndrome and depression are interconnected disorders. Although many studies have assessed the association between dietary intake and each disorder independently, few studies have examined the association between depression and dietary intake in patients with metabolic syndrome. Our study examined the association between depression and dietary intake in adults with metabolic syndrome. Methods: We analyzed the second data set (2014) from the sixth KNHNES. Of the patients with metabolic syndrome, the final study population comprised 1,334 patients, aged 20 to 60 years, with metabolic syndrome as defined by KNHNES and depression diagnosed by a physician. We examined the patients' dietary intake obtained using the 24-h recollection method in KNHNES. Results: Depression group had a lower niacin dietary intake than those without depression in both male and female (male P=0.047, female P=0.025). None of the other components had any association between depression group and those without depression group in both male and female. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that a low dietary intake of niacin may be related to the depression in patients with metabolic syndrome. The results indicate that it is worthwhile to evaluate the nutritional status in patients who have been diagnosed with both metabolic syndrome and depression.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
• /
• v.29 no.4
• /
• pp.248-260
• /
• 2023

This study provides basic data when planning nutrition support for healthy aging by revealing the relationship between various symptoms in the elderly and nutrient intake. From the 8th National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, data from senior citizens aged 65 years or older in 2021 were used, and answers on the depression prevalence, activity restrictions, complaints of discomfort when chewing, and nutrient intake were analyzed through SPSS multiple logistic regression analysis. In the case of depression, there was a significant effect on the intake of four of the 20 nutrients (water, protein, cholesterol, and vitamin E). When experiencing activity restrictions, the intake of eight of the 20 nutrients (phosphorus, magnesium, vitamin A, vitamin D, beta-carotene, retinol, thiamine, and niacin) was affected. When experiencing chewing discomfort, the intake of three of the 20 nutrients (fat, magnesium, and vitamin E) was affected. Elderly people who suffer from depression, activity restrictions, and discomfort with chewing are at risk of various nutrient deficiencies, and related studies need to be conducted.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.13 no.5
• /
• pp.269-276
• /
• 2015

In order to examine the relationship between cholesterol level on serum and depression in Korean adults, this study used data of the fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). 834 persons with depressive symptoms were selected as an index group and 3,317 persons without depressive symptoms as a control group, and odds ratios were calculated by multivariate logistic regression. As a result, odds ratio of depressive symptoms was higher in low LDL group (OR=6.435, 95% CI; 2,358-17.557) than in high LDL group adjusted after monthly income, marital status, period of education, occupation, smoking status, and physical activity. Etiopathogenic mechanism must be found by convergent study in the future.