• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.337-343
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• 1991

The effect of 9-methyl folate on histidine oxidation, the uptake of an injected dose of $[^{3}H]folate$ by the livers and kidneys, the hepatic and blood folate levels were investigated by feeding crude x-methyl folate(XMF) at a level of 5 g per kg diet. 9-Methyl folate is konwn as a major forate antagonist in XMF to produce deficiency signs in rat. Feeding of XMF decreased histidine oxidation and hepatic folate levels significantly, which showed the function of 9-methyl folate as an antifolate in rats. The hepatic uptake of labeled folate in XMF- fed rats was decreased significantly. These data led to conclude that 9-methyl folate inhibited folate uptake and retention by tissue, especially liver, which could explain the low liver folate levels and the decreased histidine oxidation. However, only very low level of 9-methyl folate was detected in liver. It suggested that 9-methyl folate may be metabolized very quickly in the liver after uptaken.

• School Mathematics
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.659-675
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of scheme based strategy Instruction on problem solving of word problems of ratio and proportion for students with under achievement or at risk for learning disabilities. Three $7^{th}$ graders of underachieving or at risk LD were participated in this study. Three steps of instructional experiment-testing baseline, intervention with schematic-based strategy, testing for the abilities of problem solving, generalization, & sustainability. The results showed that the schema-based strategy, FOPS was effective method for all three students enhancing problem solving abilities and for generalizing and sustaining the problem solving.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.25-32
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• 1987

The object of this study was to determine the difference of radiation effect in different fractional doses and to establish optimal fractionation schedule on the whole-abdominal X-ray irradiation. Total 160 mice were irradiated with 150 KVP, 15 mA orthovoltage x-ray machine and two different fractionation (100 cGy/Fr. and 200 cGy/Fr.) were used. Body weight, hemoglobin and WBC count with differential count were analyzed according to the same amount of total dose, same field size and two different fractionation schedules. The result of this study were summarized as follows: There was no significant difference in body weight and hemoglobin concentration by sex or fractional dose. Leukopenic change was prominent in the 3,000 cGy irradiation group and the proportion of decrease was remarkable in the 200 cGy/Fr, group than 100 cGy/Fr, group. Progressive decrease of lymphocyte count and reciprocal increase of neutrophil count were noted as dose increment. The effect of the fractional does on WBC count and proportion of lymphocyte were significant. This suggests that judicious selection of fractional dose may be important in clinical radiotherapeutic practice.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.78-95
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• 2009

This study was examined the vascular plants and their characteristics cited in 311 science textbooks of elementary and secondary schools used in the fifth to seventh curriculum. Vascular plants were composed of 129 families, 332 genera, 383 species, 2 subspecies, 47 varieties, 6 forma, and 3 hybrid, totaling 441 taxa. The herbs and trees were consists of 280 taxa (63.5%) and 161 taxa (36.5%), respectively. Native species (241 taxa) were more cited than non-native species (200 taxa). The number of species within a family were high ranked in 35 taxa of Compositae, and 26 taxa of Gramineae. Nine species including endemic genus Hanabusaya Nakai and Abeliophyllum Nakai among the 441 taxa were Korean endemic, and the 25 rare and 12 endangered plants were also included. Based on the list of the species of specially designated plants by the Ministry of Environment, 83 taxa were recorded in the investigated textbooks, and the naturalized plants were 16 taxa. 441 taxa listed consists of 185 taxa (41.9%) of edible plants, 148 taxa (33.5%) of medicinal plants, 139 taxa (31.5%) of ornamental plants, 87 taxa (19.7%) of pasture plants, 34 taxa (7.7%) of timber plants, 13 taxa (2.9%) of miscellaneous plants, 8 taxa (1.8%) of fiber plants, and 3 taxa (0.7%) of industrial plants.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.150-160
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• 2012

The object of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation of mulberry leaves and silkworm excreta ethanol extracts on weight performances, blood characteristics, cecal microflorae of chickens. Two hundred forty male broiler chicks(Ross) were fed diets for five weeks containing 0.1%(MLA) and 1%(MLB) of mulberry leaves ethanol extracts, and 0.1%(SEA) and 1%(SEB) of silkworm excreta ethanol extracts. Weight performance did show no significant difference in all test groups which were fed with supplementation of mulberry leaves and silkworm excreta ethanol extracts. They showed better weight gain and feed conversion than the negative control group which was fed only with forage without antibiotics. ABTS(2'-azine-bis[3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid]) test was conducted to investigate free radical scavenging activity of blood in tested groups. ABTS scavenging activities of tested groups were higher than control groups in significant level, though there was no significant difference(P = 0.396). Specifically, MLB group showed the highest scavenging activity. Blood-level concentration of MDA, which is an indicator of lipid peroxidation, was also decreased in tested groups and the lowest level was observed in SEA(P = 0.001). As storage time increased at $4^{\circ}C$, muscle-level MDA concentrations of all tested groups were generally increased and significant difference was obsereved between tested groups and controls in total increase of MDA concentration($P=4.417{\times}10^{-3}$). In cecal microflorae, SEA and SEB showed decreased total microbe population compared to NC($P=6.462{\times}10^{-5}$) and even to PC. Supplementation of mulberry leave and silkworm excreta ethanol extract did show a similar inhibition effect against Salmonella sp., furthermore, MLB did enhanced the growth of Lactobacillus sp.($P=3.636{\times}10^{-7}$). In summary, ethanol extract of silkworm excreta may be a potential alternative of antibiotics for chicks. In addition, both of ethanol extracts supplementation to broiler chicks would be very useful not only to improve antioxidant effect of blood but also to suppress lipid peroxidation without any loss of weight performance in poultry farming.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.29-40
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• 1977

The authors examined fresh-water gammarid materials which were collected from streams in 20 localities of South Korea during the period from 1965 to 1977. As the results of the observation, the authors have concluded as follows: 1. These fresh-water gammarids belong to Gammarus pulex-group and are distributed widely in mountain-streams of mainland and surrounding islands of South Korea. 2. The present specimens are different from the subspecies, G. pulex koreanus Ueno, 1940 which was described originally from North Korea. In the latter, the pulmose setae of third uropod are limited only to the outer margin of both rami. The peduncle and flagellum of second antenna are fringed with a few short setae and the flagellum is provided with calceoli. In the former, both margins of inner ramus and outer margin of outer ramus of third uropod are fringed with long pulmose setae. The peduncle and flagellum of second antenna have abundant relatively long setase and the flagellum is not provided with calceoli. 3. The present specimens are different from the subspecies, G. pulex sobaegensis Ueno, 1966 which was described originally from South Korea. The latter dwells in cave, while the former dwells in mountain-stream. In the former, the arrangements of pulmose setae of third uropod and the setation of second antenna are similar to those of the latter. But they are quite different from each other in several characters such as shape of upper lip, shape of fifth article of second gnathopod and numbers of incisions on front distal margins of coxal plates 1-3. The former has spines on surface of coxal plates 1-3, but the latter has not. In females, the former has four pairs of marsupial plates, while the latter has three pairs. 4. The present materials show local variations. Therefore, they could be divided into 3 local groups. The first group (specimens from Mt. Odae and Mt. Sogeumgang) has pulmose setae on the both margins of both rami of third uropod and second article of outer ramus is relatively long. In general, this group has setae sparsely on the both rami and especially a few setae on the outer margin of outer ramus. The second group, which are widely distributed in South Korea, has pulmose setae on the both margins of inner ramus and on the outer margin of outer ramus of third uropod. In the third group (specimens from Mt. Soyo), the pulmose setation of third uropod is similar to that of the first group, but the second article of outer ramus is very small.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.341-351
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• 2008

This study investigated the effect of intermittent polymerization on the rate of polymerization shrinkage and cuspal deflection in composite resins. The linear polymerization shrinkage of each composite was measured using the custom-made linometer along with the light shutter specially devised to block the light at the previously determined interval. Samples were divided into 4 groups by light curing method; Group 1) continuous light (60s with light on); Group 2) intermittent light (cycles of 3s with 2s light on & 1s with light off for 90s): Group 3) intermittent light (cycles of 2s with 1s light on & 1s with light off for 120s); Group 4) intermittent light (cycles of 3s with 1s light on & 2s with light off for 180s). The amount of linear polymerization shrinkage was measured and its maximum rate (Rmax) and peak time (PT) in the first 15 seconds were calculated. For the measurement of cuspal deflection of teeth, MOD cavities were prepared in 10 extracted maxillary premolars. Reduction in the intercuspal distance was measured by the custom-made cuspal deflection measuring machine. ANOVA analysis was used for the comparison of the light curing groups and t-test was used to determine significant difference between the composite resins. Pyramid showed the greater amount of polymerization shrinkage than Heliomolar (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the linear polymerization shrinkage among the groups. The Rmax was group 4 < 3, 2 < 1 in Heliomolar and group 3 < 4 < 2, 1 in Pyramid (p < 0.05). Pyramid demonstrated greater cuspal deflection than Heliomolar. The cuspal deflection in Heliomolar was group 4 < 3 < 2, 1 and group 4, 3 < 2, 1 in Pyramid (p < 0.05). It was concluded that the reduced rate of polymerization shrinkage by intermittent polymerization can help to decrease the cuspal deflection.

• THE HEALTH and ORGANIC FARMING
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• no.222
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• pp.1-12
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• 2006

병술년 새해엔 풍요와 행복이 충만하길/우리나라 고유의 기농산품을 개발하여 세계화에 진력하자/우리의 산야초/토양검정은 친환경적 토양관리의 첫단계/제4회 친환경 유기농박람회 개최/경주시협의회 정기총회 개최/화천군,친환경농업 활성화대책 포럼개최/천안염암대,자연순환형 유기농.축산업의 발전방향 위한 국제 심포지엄 개최/농림부.환경부공동 제2회 친환경농업대상 시상/무항생제 축산물의 생산기술과 전략/우리조상들이 연구한 물이야기/농림부,농업경영컨설팅 사업 대폭 개선/착각하고 있는 잘못된 웰빙/왜 홍콩으로 가야 했나?/식물을 깨워 저항성을 갖게 하자/엽채류 균핵병 방제/친환경 고품질 오이 다수확재배 하려면?/협회 무농약17호/우수농산물코너/1월중 협회 일정 안내/농산물 인증제도 대폭개선 소비자 혼란방지 위해 6종류에서 3종류로/해충의 습성을 이용한 퇴치/12월중 새식구 명단/협회소식/'줌마렐라'뜬다 유기농 먹고 요가 즐기고/친환경 농산물 생산매뉴얼 발간/모르고 먹은 음식,약을 독으로 만들 수 있어요/지표시비

• Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.107-112
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• 1990

돼지 췌장 유래 엘라스타제의 돌연변이원성을 알아보기 위하여 포유동물 세포를 이용한 돌연변이 시험과 마우스를 이용한 소핵시험을 실시하였다. 엘라스타아제에 의하여 CHO-K1-BH4 cell이 6-thioguanine에 대해 내성을 가지게 되는 변이의 빈도를 조사하였다. 시험결과 엘라스타아제의 농도 증가 (0-30mg/ml)에 따른 변이빈도의 증가가 관찰되지 않았으며, 변이빈도도 음성대조군 변이빈도 치의 2배 이상을 보이지 않았다. 마우스를 이용한 소핵시험에서는 엘라스타아제를 1250, 2500 그리고 5000mg/kg의 용량으로 마우스에 1회 경구 투여 하였으며 양성대조군과 음성대조군에는 각각 mitomycin C 2mg/kg, 10skim milk 20ml/kg 을 각각 복강내와 경구로 투여하였다. 시험결과 엘라스타제 투여군의 소핵 출현빈도는 음성대조군과 비교하여 증가하지 않았다. 위의 결과로 보아 엘라스탄제는 이 시험계들에서 돌연변이원성이 없는 것으로 사려된다.

• THE HEALTH and ORGANIC FARMING
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• no.239
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• pp.1-12
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• 2007

제2회 '유기농업의 날'에 국회 사무처와 유기쌀 공급협약 체결/우리의 산야초-뱀딸기/탄질률과 영양주기 이론의 이해/가평군 느타리버섯 컨설팅 실시/친환경/GAP 인증제 워크숍/"친환경유기농업 육성정책"의 성공조건/한.미 F T A이후 농업부문 보완사업에 적극 참여토록/포도 탄저병 발병 생태와 병관리/선충에 대해서/독일 유기농의 성공, 정부의 정책적 지원과 민간조직의 자발적인 노력/<암을 이기는 음식>(4) 고추/미국, 유기농 학교도시락 인기/중국인들, 유기농식품에 점점 맛 들이고 있어/유기자연농업의 원조를 찾아서/제6회 친환경.유기농박람회 2007/학교 급식 미국에서 배운다/유용미생물의 개발