• Proceedings of the Korean Association of Geographic Inforamtion Studies Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.274-279
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• 2003

위성영상을 이용한 새만금 지역의 DEM생성을 위하여 waterline method를 사용하였으며, 총 13개의 Landsat thematic mapper (TM) 위성영상 자료를 이용하여 1991년과 2000년 기준의 DEM을 생성하였다. 현장 수준측량 자료를 이용하여 생성된 DEM의 정밀도 검증을 실시하였으며, 2002년 3월에 100m 간격으로 측정된 실측자료를 이용하였다. 해안선 추출은 density slicing 방법을 사용하였으며, 사용된 밴드는 육지의 경계를 구분하는데 많이 쓰이는 밴드 4번, 5번 및 6번 밴드를 선택적으로 사용하였다. 절대고도 값의 대입을 위하여 waterline 추출에 사용된 위성영상의 획득 시간에 대해 해양조사원의 10분 간격 실측 조위를 사용하였으며, 추출된 13개 waterline의 최저 조위는 58cm 이고 최고 조위는 537cm 이다. 추출된 해안선에 수준측량 자료를 이용하여 검증한 결과 RMS 오차 9.91 cm, 표준편차 9.78 cm의 정밀도를 갖는 2000년도 DEM을 생성하였다. 새만금 지역의 waterline 추출 과정에서 만경강과 동진강 하구 지역은 강에 의한 에너지의 유입, 유출로 인한 변화가 심하여 두 지역을 DEM 생성에서 제외하였다. 이렇게 생성된 과거(19991년도) DEM과 현재(2000년도) DEM을 이용한 지형변화 비교는 두DEM 차이로 9년간의 새만금 조간대 변화를 계산하였다. 군산공항지역의 지형변화는 거의 없는 것으로 나타났으며, 새만금 방조제가 건설된 이후 개화도 주변지역의 변화가 가장 두드러진 지형적 변화로서 방조제 입ㆍ출구 지역은 빠른 유속에 의해서 과거에 비해 침식이 우세하며, 방조제에서 육지로 갈수록 퇴적이 우세한 것으로 관측되었다.보체계의 구축사업의 시각이 행정정보화, 생활정보화, 산업정보화 등 다양한 분야와 결합하여 보다 큰 시너지 효과와 사용자 중심의 서비스 개선을 창출할 수 있는 기반을 제공할 것을 기대해 본다.. 이상의 결과를 종합해볼 때, ${\beta}$-glucan은 고용량일 때 직접적으로 또는 $IFN-{\gamma}$ 존재시에는 저용량에서도 복강 큰 포식세로를 활성화시킬 뿐 아니라, 탐식효율도 높임으로써 면역기능을 증진 시키는 것으로 나타났고, 그 효과는 crude ${\beta}$-glucan의 추출조건에 따라 달라지는 것을 알 수 있었다.eveloped. Design concepts and control methods of a new crane will be introduced in this paper.and momentum balance was applied to the fluid field of bundle. while the movement of′ individual material was taken into account. The constitutive model relating the surface force and the deformation of bundle was introduced by considering a representative prodedure that stands for the bundle movement. Then a fundamental equations system could be simplified considering a steady state of the process. On the basis of the simplified model,

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.30-39
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• 2001

To consider the distribution of the surface sediments and sedimentary processes in tidal flat after the construction of sea-walls in the semiclosed Muan Bay, the southwest coast of Korea, studies on the sediments and sedimentation rates along two transect lines from February 1999 to March 2000 were carried out. The surface sediments in the bay are classified into 5 facies on the basis of textural parameters. The gravelly sediments including the cobbles and pebbles deposited in the bay-mouth are relic sediments which are formed in nearshore and fluvial environments at the low stand of sea level. In addition, it is considered that the muddy sediments widely distributed on the tidal flat might be originated from suspended matter transported from several rivers and/or offshore. Although the sedimentation rates on the tidal flat vary with season, their estimation rates are -8.9 mm/yr on Line-GR and -48.9 mm/yr on Line-YH, respectively. The erosion-dominated processes in the tidal flat would be caused by strengthened ebb tides due to the decrease of tidal choking at Mokpogu and the migration of tidal currents at the bay-mouth. The hydrodynamical changes mentioned above are interpreted to be occurred after/before the construction of sea-dike/sea-walls in coastal zone of Mokpo.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resources Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.267-270
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• 2005

유기셀레늄급원을 달리하여 쇠고기 육색 안정성에 미치는 영향을 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. Myoglobin의 함량은 대조구와 시험구에서 각각 6.39%, 14.18%로 대조구가 시험구에 비하여 낮은 결과를 보였으며, Oxy-Myoglobin의 함량은 반대로 대조구 89.07%, 시험구 83.47%로 시험구가 대조구에 비하여 낮은 결과를 보였다(p<0.05). 그러나 Met-myoglobin 함량은 대조구가 4.56%이였고 시험구가 2.35%로 대조구가 높은 결과를 보였다. 보다 정확한 결과를 평가하기 위해서는 시료를 Met화 시킨 후 측정해 볼 필요성이 대두되어 도축후 $4^{\circ}C$에서 14일 및 21일간 숙성한 시료를 $20^{\circ}C$에서 48시간 산화시킨 후 측정 육색소 화학적 조성을 비교한 결과, 육색소 화학적 조성을 비교한 결과로 Myoglobin 함량은 저장 14일차와 21일차에서 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았으나, Oxy- myoglobin은 저장 14일차와 21일차 모두 유기셀레늄 강화 버섯 폐배지 급여구가 대조구와 무기셀레늄 급여구에 비하여 높은 결과를 보였다. Met-myoglobin함량에 있어서는 대조구와 무기셀레늄구가 유기 셀레늄구와 유기셀레늄강화 버섯 폐배지 급여구에 비하여 높은 결과를 보였다(p<0.05). 유기셀레늄 강화 버섯 폐배지 급여구가 대조구나 유기셀레늄구에 비하여 Oxy-myoglobin production이 유의적으로 높았으며, Met-myoglobin Activity는 유기 셀레늄 급여구가 가장 높았으며, 그 다음으로는 유기셀레늄강화 버섯폐배지 급여구가 높았다(p<0.05). 이러한 결과는 소매상품 으로 제조 판매시 Oxy-Mb이 Met-Mb으로의 전환을 억제하여 이상적인 육색을 장시간 유지할 수있을 것으로 판단된다.조직감과 염도에서 매우 좋게 평가되었다. 이러한 결과는 제조 가능한 식염첨가최저수준은 0.5%이상임을 보여주었다. 따라서 로인 햄의 제조에 필요로 되는 식염의 첨가량은 0.5${\sim}$1.5% 범위로 평가된다. 차후의 연구로는 저염 로인 햄의 경우 품질의 저하를 보완할 수 있는 기능성 첨가물이나 가공기법이 필요할 것으로 보인다.97.22로 가장 낮았고, 기타 처리구는 1.19${\sim}$1.59의 처리를 보이고 있는데 비하여, 대조구(100) 대비 증체율에서는 생봉독 처리 2구에서 103.30으로 3.30%가 높았다.양성이 무엇보다 중요하다. 특히 지역자원 활용 소스 중심의 문화관린 산업의 seeds 발굴과 향토상품의 상품화와 네트워크 조직망 구축을 위한 지역중심의 복합 생활문화 공간이 필요할 것이며, 이를 촉진키 위한 mentor academy시스템 접근을 통해 점점 고령화되어 가고 있는 재래시장에 대해 차별적 특성이 반영된 종합적이고 체계적 접근 방법연구가 필요하다./TEX> 자체기술개발, 선진기술 도입, 산업간 및 산업내 기술확산, 국제기술협력 ${\rightarrow}$ 기술혁신의 촉진 ${\rightarrow}$ 총요소생산성과 기업경쟁력(자원 및 역량, 프로세스 경쟁력, 품질경쟁력, 시장경쟁력, 고객성과, 시장성과, 재무성과)의 제고 ${\rightarrow}$ 가격경쟁력(임금, 금리, 물류비용, 환율 등)과 비(非)가격경쟁력(디자인, 에프터서비스, 품질, 운송 등)의 제고 ${\rightarrow}$ 국가경쟁력의 제고 ${\rightarrow}$ 국제수지 흑자 ${\rightarrow}$ 성장 ${\rightarrow}$ 물가 및

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.62-67
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• 2011

Early eruption refers to an accelerated eruption of a tooth beyond the normal eruption period. The clinical findings of an early erupted tooth with little formation of crown and/or root include severe mobility, pain on chewing, hypocalcification of the enamel, and inclination, displacement, and rotation of the tooth. The radiographic findings include underdeveloped root and insufficient bone support. Early eruption of a permanent tooth can cause several complications such as chronic trauma, pain, edema, an increased rate of premolar impaction and tooth displacement and/or rotation. Therefore, when a permanent tooth erupts earlier than its normal eruption period with accompanying symptoms, appropriate treatments should be done as soon as possible. A female patient of age 7 without any systemic disease was referred from a local dental clinic with chief complaint of severe mobilities and pain in both upper first premolars. According to the clinical and radiographic examinations, the permanent teeth erupted earlier with barely formed roots, severe mobilities, edema, and pain. This case is to report the successful accomplishment of root formations and stabilization of teeth after applying intraoral fixed appliances using bands and spurs for 14 months.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.35 no.8
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• pp.789-798
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• 2011

We carry out an experimental investigation to analyze the basic performance of NO(nitric oxide) storage in a lean phase and also analyze the NO reduction achieved by the spraying of reducing agents in the rich phase of the exhaust gas in an LNT(Lean NOx Trap). This is an after-treatment system used to reduce the NOx emissions from a diesel engine. If the stored NO is reduced, we measure the outlet concentration downstream of the LNT. The test LNT material used in the experiments is commercial LNT. After being canned into stainless-steel(SUS304), it was built in a micro bench-flow reactor. Compositions of feed gases, three heated and three no heated gases were sprayed upstream of the LNT to analyze the characteristics. We use various temperatures and space velocities as response variables.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.5-14
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• 2005

In the present study, the liquefaction potential in the area of the Incheon international airport was assessed by applying the data of both standard penetration tests and laboratory tests to the modified Seed & Idriss method. The analysis was performed against the non-plastic silty soil layer and silty sand soil layer existing within the depth of 20m and under the ground water level, having the standard penetration value(N) of below 20. Also, each set of data was mapped using the GIS(Geographic Information System) and the safety factor against the liquefaction potential ($FS_{liquefaction}$) was obtained by overlapping those layers. Throughout the analysis, it was found that there exists a potential hazard zone for the liquefaction, showing partially that the safety factor against the liquefaction potential is 1.0 to 1.5 below the standard safety factor criterion. It is further thought to be necessary that the liquefaction potential for the corresponding hazard zone be additionally assessed in detail.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.293-302
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• 1991

The anomalous sea level deviation or storm surge caused by the typhoon Thelma in 1987 are studied analysing tidal observation data at 7 stations in the south coast of Korean peninsula. The surges are calculated by subtracting the predicted tidal height from the observed tidal record. The tidal deviation at these stations along the coast are discussed in association with meteorological data. The sea level anomalies are studied by means of the empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis and the fast fourier transform (FFT) method. The results of analysis suggest that the peak value of surges are higher at the tidal stations in semi-enclosed bay and in long narrow channel than at the ones facing with the open sea. From the result of EOF analysis, the temporal and spatial fluctuations of storm surge can be described by the first EOF mode, which explains 63% of the total variances during the passage of typhoon Thelma. The deviation of storm surge in the studied areas indicates bi-modal peak during the passage of typhoon Thelma. From the results of FFT spectrum analysis, the peak of energy of autospectrum for surge, atmospheric pressure, and wind stress appeared at low frequency fluctuations band of 0.008-0.076 cph over the 4 stations. Auto-correlation function of surge showed periodicity, while that of atmospheric pressure and wind stress indicates no periodicity. The result of FFT analysis shows that the typhoon surges are related chiefly with the change of atmospheric pressure in an open bay (Cheju Harbor), but with the wind stress in a semi-enclosed bay (Yeosu Harbor).

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.34 no.5 s.106
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• pp.417-428
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the stress distributions at the periodontal ligament (PDL) and displacements of the maxillary first molar when mesially directed force was applied under various molar angulations and rotations. A three dimensional finite element model of the maxiilary first molar and its periodontal ligament was made Upright position, mesially angulated position by $20^{\circ}$ and distally angulated position of the same degree were simulated to investigate the effect of molar angulation. An anteriorly directed force of 200g countertipping moment of 1,800gm-mm (9:1 moment/force ratio) and counterrotation moment of 1,000gm-mm (5:1 moment/force ratio) were applied in each situation. To evaluate the effect of molar rotation on the stress distribution, mesial-in rotation by $20^{\circ}$ and the same amount of distal-in rotation were simulated. The same force and moments were applied in each situation. The results were as follows: In all situations, there was no significant difference in mesially directed tooth displacement Also, any differences in stress distributions could not be found, in other words. there were no different mesial movements. Stress distributions and tooth displacement of the $20^{\circ}$ mesially angulated situation were very similar with those of the $20^{\circ}$ distal-in rotated situation. The same phenomenon was obserned between the $20^{\circ}$ distally angulated situation and $20^{\circ}$ mesial-in rotated situation. When the tooth was mesially angulated, or distal-in rotated, mesially directed force made the tooth rotate in the coronal plane. with its roots moving buccally, and its crown moving lingually. When the tooth was distally angulated, or mesial-in rotated, mesially directed force made the tooth rotate in the coronal plane, with its roots moving lingually and its crown moving buccally. When force is applied to au angulated or rotated molar, the orthodontist should understand that additional torque control is needed to prevent unwanted tooth rotation in the coronal plane.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.37 no.3 s.122
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• pp.212-219
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• 2007

Objective: The purpose of this study was to provide an anatomical reference for cortical bone and soft tissue thickness, and the attached gingiva width in the mandible. Methods: Fifteen males and fifteen females participated in this study. An acrylic template was fabricated and the radiopaque markers were bonded on the estimated alveolar crest to take measurements of the hard and soft tissue thickness at the same locations. CT images were taken in samples wearing an acrylic template. Cortical bone and soft tissue thickness were measured at 2, 4, 6 and 8 mm from the alveolar crest in interradicular spaces from central incisor to first permanent molar. The attached gingival width was calibrated. Results: Cortical bone thickness was $1.33{\pm}0.38mm$ and soft tissue thickness was $1.49{\pm}0.54mm$. Cortical bone thickness was increased in the posterior area, while it was not the case for the soft tissue thickness. In addition, the total thickness was $2.82{\pm}0.70$. The attached gingival width was wider in the anterior area compared to that in posterior area. Conclusion: These results suggest that the attached gingiva width should be considered upon placement of mini-implants in the mandibular posterior area for orthodontic anchorage.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.28 no.3 s.68
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• pp.431-440
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• 1998

While periodontal disease results in the extrusion of upper incisors with interdental spacing in adult patient, the intrusive movement should be executed for the rehabilitation in terms of esthetics and function. The present study was peformed to investigate the periodontal response following orthodontic intrusion of teeth with infrabony pocket. Bone defect and periodontal disease were produced adjacent to the both maxillary second lateral incisors in four adult dogs. Four weeks later, a flap operation was performed to eliminate inflammation and a reference notch was made on the root surface at the level of bottom of each defect. Two weeks after periodontal surgery, 4 weeks of intrusion and subsequent another 4 weeks of retention was executed on the right side of incisors while left incisors served as the control. Through the histologic analysis, following results were obtained. 1. Histologic section of control side showed the reduction of pocket depth after flap operation. However, the status of long junctional epithelium was observed while new connective tissue attachment occurred in a small area adjacent newly formed cementum 2. Epithelial attachment was less around the intruded incisor while new connective tissue attachment was much more compared to the control side. 3. Plenty of cells were observed in the connective tissue around the reference notch of the intruded incisor and the degree of the new cementum formation was higher in the intruded incisor than the control. The results of the present study suggested that an orthodontic intrusion of periodontally involved and extruded incisors could be carried out with a desirable periodontal response, provided that inflammation is under control.