• Journal of IKEEE
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.319-326
• /
• 2015

This paper proposes method about development of conversion software for controller without OPC stack to communicate with OPC DA client. The proposed method is composed of development of OPC server based on OPC DA standard protocol, development of GUI application can be checked the OPC tag and point informations, development of conversion module to convert from OPC protocol to open standard protocol. In the stage of development of OPC server based on OPC DA standard protocol, we develope server in the pc to transmit and receive datum through OPC DA protocol with OPC DA client. In the stage of evelopment of GUI application can be checked the OPC tag and point informations, run the OPC DA server and register to window system registry and check OPC tags, points, transmitting and receiving of data from serial communication. In the stage of development of conversion module to convert from OPC protocol to open standard protocol, convert from OPC tag data which has received from OPC DA client to protocol can be communicated with industrial controller using open standard protocol so that support to transmit and receive data. To evaluate the efficiency of the proposed software, we connected OPC DA server software and OPC client, and 5 sample industrial controller which use open standard protocol, as a result we got 96.98% average communication succeeding rate among entire transmitting and receiving packets. We also confirmed that successfully communicated between industrial building controller which uses modbus protocol and industrial OPC DA client using OPC DA conversion software proposed by this dissertation.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.35-40
• /
• 2019

It is important to constantly provide service in real-time multimedia applications using multicast. Transmission path reconstruction occurs in hybrid multicast using Internet Protocol (IP) multicast and ALM in order to adapt the network status to things like congestion. So, there is a problem in which real-time QoS is reduced, caused by an increase in end-to-end delay. In this paper, we want to solve this problem through multi-layer transmission path construction. In the proposed method, we deploy the control server and application layer overlay host (ALOH) in each multicast domain (MD) for hybrid multicast construction. After the control server receives the control information from an ALOH that joins the MD, it makes a group based on the hop count and sends it to the ALOH in each MD. The ALOH in the MD performs the role of sending the packet to another ALOH and constructs the multi-layered transmission path in order of priority by using control information that is received from the control server and based on the delay between neighboring ALOHs. When congestion occurs in, or is absent from, the ALOH in the upper MD, the ALOH selects the path with the highest priority in order to reduce end-to-end delay. Simulation results show that the proposed method could reduce the end-to-end delay to less than 289 ms, on average, under congestion status.

• Information and Communications Magazine
• /
• v.15 no.11
• /
• pp.124-142
• /
• 1998

ETSI BRAN (Broadband Radio Access Network)는 고속 무선 LAN 또는 고정 광대역 무선액세스 네트워크에서의 무선 접촉 계층과 ATM 및 IP(Internet Protocol) 코어 네트워크와의 연동을 위한 일부 기능을 표준화하기 위한 과제이다. 특히, BRAN의 HIPERLAN type-2(HIPERLAN/2)의 경우에는 과제의 범위는 무선 접속면, 무선 부시스템에서의 서비스 인터페이스, 서비스 구현에서 요구되는 연동 및 각종 지원 기능을 표준화하며, 무선 접속면의 경우에는 다수 벤더간의 상호 호환성을 제공할 수 있는 인터페이스를 구현하는 것이다. HIPERLAN/2의 기술 규격은 코어 네트워크와 독립적인 물리계층 및 데이터 링크 제어 (DATA Link Control: DLC) 계층과 서로 상이한 코어 네트워크와의 연동을 위한 네트워크 수렴 부계층을 다루게 될 것이며, 초기 단계에서는 ATM과 IP 코어 네트워크와의 연동 기능을 제시하게 될 것이다. 따라서 HIPERLAN/2기반의 시스템 규격을 제시하기 위해서는 네트워크 계층 및 기타 상위 계층에 대한 규격이 요규되며, 이는 ATM Forum에서의 무선 ATM 신호 방식 규격, IETF(Internet Engineering Task Force)의 IP규격, 그리고 ETSI의 SMG (Special Mobile Group) 프로젝트에서 표준화되고 있는 UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunication Service) 규격 등과 접목될 것이다. 결과적으로 무선 ATM 관점에서는 완전한 시스템 규격 작성은 ETSI BRAN과 ATM Forum에서 무선 접속 규격과 이동성 관리 및 신호 방식으로 각각 이원화되어 진행되고 있다. 현재 물리 계층에서의 전송 방식은 OFDM(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing)으로 확정되었으며, DLC 계층에서는 고정 길이의 TDD (Time Division Duplexing) TDMA 프레임 구조를 기반으로 AP (Access Point)에 의해 동적으로 상향 링크 자원을 예약 할당하는 매체 접근 제어 (Medium Access Control: MAC) 프로토콜이 고려되고 있다. 이와 같은 DLC 계층에서는 기본적으로 짧은 길이의 패킷을 통해 다양한 대역폭의 멀티미디어 트래픽을 효율적으로 수용하면서 ATM 네트워크뿐만 아니라 향후 IP 네트워크에서 요구하는 각 서비스별 QoS (Quality of Service)를 개별적으로 보장할 수 있는 기능을 구현하고자 한다. 향후 이 부문에 대한 표준화가 본격적으로 진행될 것으로 예상되며 HIPERLAN/2의 경우에는 1999년 중반까지 1차 기능 규격을 완료할 예정이며, BRAN 전반에 대한 완전한 규격을 2002년까지 완성하는 것을 목표로 하고 있다.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
• /
• v.16 no.8
• /
• pp.954-961
• /
• 2013

To enhance the efficiency of network, content-centric networking (CCN), one of future Internet architectures, allows network nodes to temporally cache transmitted contents and then to directly respond to request messages which are relevant to previously cached contents. Also, since CCN uses a hierarchical content-name, not a host identity like source/destination IP address, for request/response packet routing and CCN request message does not include requester's information for privacy protection, contents-providers/ network nodes can not identify practical requesters sending request messages. So to send back relevant contents, network nodes in CCN records both a request message and its incoming interfaces on Pending Interest Table (PIT). Then the devices refer PIT to return back a response message. If PIT is exhausted, the device can not normally handle request/response messages anymore. Hence, it is needed to detect/react attack to exhaust PIT. Hence, in this paper, we propose improved detection/reaction schemes against attacks to exhaust PIT. In practice, for fine-grained control, this proposal is applied to each incoming interface. Also, we propose the message framework to control attack traffic and evaluate the performance of our proposal.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.197-205
• /
• 2008

TCP packets occupy over 90% of current Internet traffic thus understanding of TCP throughput is crucial to understand Internet. Under the TCP congestion regime, heterogeneous flows, i.e., flows with different round-trip times (RTTs), that share the same bottleneck link will not attain equal portions of the available bandwidth. In fact, according to the TCP friendly formula, the throughput ratio of two flows is inversely proportional to the ratio of their RTTs. It has also been shown that TCP's unfairness to flows with longer RTTs is accentuated under loss synchronization. In this paper, we show that, injecting bursty background traffic may actually lead to new type of synchronization and result in unfairness to foreground TCP flows with longer RTTs. We propose three different metrics to characterize traffic burstiness and show that these metrics are reliable predictors of TCP unfairness.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.251-258
• /
• 2012

The conventional network security solutions for manufacturing or factory automation devices are concentrated on protecting the internal networks from the attacks of external networks. Recently, however, so called Day-zero attacks are increased; the threat from internal devices such as notebooks, USB devices are as critical as attacks from external networks. Thus a new security solution is needed to protect manufacturing devices from both external and internal threat. To this purpose, we propose an edge-security system to provide cost effective, integrated, and simple end-point security solution specialized for automated manufacturing devices, which may avoid the shortcomings of NAC.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.24 no.7B
• /
• pp.1322-1330
• /
• 1999

The major source of errors in high-speed networks such as Broadband ISDN(B-ISDN) is buffer overflow during congested conditions. These congestion errors are the dominant sources of errors in high-speed networks and result in cell losses. Conventional communication protocols use error detection and retransmission to deal with lost packets and transmission errors. As an alternative, we have presented a method to recover consecutive cell losses using forward error correction(FEC) in ATM(Asynchronous Transfer Mode) networks to reduce the problem. The method finds the lost cells by observing new cell sequence number($SN^{\ast}$). We have used the LI field together with SN and ST fields to consider the $SN^{\ast}$ which provides more correcting coverage than SN in ATM standards. The $SN^{\ast}$ based on the additive way such as the addition of LI capacity to original SN capacity is numbered a repeatedly 0-to-80 cycle. Another extension can be based on the multiplicative way such that LI capacity is multiplied by SN capacity. The multiplicative $SN^{\ast}$ is numbered in a repeatedly 0-to-1025 cycle.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
• /
• v.1 no.2
• /
• pp.102-109
• /
• 2006

In this paper, we improve the performance of bidirectional TCP connection over end-to-end network that uses transfer rate-based flow and congestion control. The sharing of a common buffer by TCP packets and acknowledgement has been known to result in an effect called ack compression, where acks of a connection arrive at the source bunched together, resulting in unfairness and degraded throughput. The degradation in throughput due to bidirectional traffic can be significant. For example, even in the simple case of symmetrical connections with adequate window size, the connection efficiency is improved about 20% for three levels of background traffic 2.5Mbps, 5.0Mbps and 7.5Mbps. Otherwise, the throughput of jitter is reduced about 50% because round trip delay time is smaller between source node and destination node. Also, we show that throughput curve is improved with connection rate algorithm which is proposed for TCP congestion avoidance as a function of aggressiveness threshold for three levels of background traffic 2.5Mbps, 5Mbps and 7.5Mbps.

• Journal of KIISE:Information Networking
• /
• v.35 no.4
• /
• pp.337-344
• /
• 2008

Underwater acoustic sensor networks exhibit characteristics such as high propagation delay and low data rates, which are different from those of terrestrial wireless networks. Therefore, the conventional protocols used in wireless networks can be restrictive and inefficient when applied to underwater acoustic sensor networks. In this paper, we propose a medium access control protocol (MAC) to enhance the energy efficiency and throughput in underwater acoustic sensor networks. The proposed protocol employs a slot-based competition mechanism that reserves a time slot to send a data packet in advance. In the proposed protocol, collision between nodes can occur due to competition to obtain a slot. However, the proposed protocol minimizes the collisions between nodes because the nodes store the reservation information of the neighboring nodes, this reduces unnecessary energy consumption and increases throughput. We perform a simulation to evaluate the performance of the proposed protocol with regard to the energy consumption, the number of collision, channel utilization, throughput and transmission delay. We compare the proposed protocol with the conventional protocol, and the performance results show that the proposed protocol outperforms the conventional protocol.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
• /
• v.19 no.6
• /
• pp.1333-1340
• /
• 2015

IEEE 802.11 MAC(Media Access Control) defines DCF(Distributed Coordination Function) for data transmission control. BEB(Binary Exponential Backoff) algorithm of DCF has a problem that if the number of stations connected are over a certain threshold, it degrades network performance because of packet collisions caused from the minimum contention window size. To cope with this problem, we proposed a novel algorithm, named as VBS(Variable Backoff Stage) algorithm, which adjusts the rate of backoff stage increment depending on the number of stations associated with an AP(Access Point). Analytic model of proposed algorithm was derived and simulations on the BEB and the VBS algorithms have been conducted on the OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) method. Simulation results showed that when the rate of backoff state increment was 5 and 10, the number of retransmission were reduced to 1/5 and 1/10 comparing to that of BEB, respectively. Our algorithm showed improvement of 19% and 18% in network utilization, respectively. Packet delay was reduced into 1/12.