• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Sciences Society Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.314-317
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 백탄과 흑탄에서 농약의 제거 능력을 비교하였고, 연속 실험을 통하여 시간의 경과에 따른 농약의 제거율 변화를 평가하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 실험에 사용된 농약은 Simazine, Diazinon, Fenitrothion, Butachlor, Malathion이다. 회분식 실험 결과에 따르면, 흑탄과 백탄 양을 0.1g, 1g, 10g, 50g씩 증가시킬수록 각 농약 성분의 제거율이 높아지는 것으로 나타났으며, 농약성분에 따른 제거율을 보면, Malathion과 Butachlor는 혹탄에서 상대적으로 잘 제거가 되는 것으로 나타났다. 하지만 Diazinon은 흑탄의 회분식 실험, 연속식 실험 모두 상대적으로 낮은 제거율을 보였다.

• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.181-183
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• 2008

본 연구는 회분식과 연속식으로 나누어 숯의 농약 흡착 능력을 평가하였다. 실험에 사용된 농약은 Simazine, Diazinon, Fenitrothion, Butachlor, Malathion이다. 회분식 실험 결과에 따르면, 흑탄과 백탄 양을 0.1g, 1g, 10g, 50g씩 증가시킬수록 농약 성분의 제거율이 높아지는 것으로 나타났으며, 흑탄이 백탄 보다 농약 성분을 잘 제거하는 것으로 나타났다. 특히, 1g 주입시 흑탄은 백탄보다 Malathion을 약 15%, Rutachlor을 약 19%, Fenitrothion을 약 25%씩 제거율이 더 높게 나타난 것으로 보아 흡착이 잘된다고 판단된다. 반면에 회분식에서 Diazinon의 제거율은 상대적으로 낮게 나타났나. 연속식 실험에서도 흑탄이 백탄보다 더 높은 제거율을 나타내었으며, 특히 흑탄 칼럼에서는 흡착 시간$(21\sim31hr)$에서 농약 성분의 평균 제거율을 비교해 본 결과, Simazine은 90%, Fenitrothion은 82%, Butachlor은 81%로 나타났으며, 특히 Diazinon의 제거율은 55%로 나타나 상대적으로 흡착이 잘 되지 않는 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.105-109
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• 2008

In our country, limiting nutrient is known as phosphorus in the most lakes. Therefore, the removal of phosphorus is a very important process in sewage treatment. However, many of the sewage treatment plants employ the conventional activated sludge process, known to remove $10{\sim}30%$ of phosphorus. Thus, additional phosphorous removal process will be needed. Oyster shells have been known to remove phosphorus in water. The removal efficiency of phosphorus was highest at smallest size of oyster shells and at the highest pH for batch test. The phosphorous removal rate with various calcium concentrations was increased by increasing calcium concentration. At the 20 mg/l of calcium, more than 90% of phosphorous was removed in two hours. The removal efficiency of phosphorous was increased greatly at 300% of recirculation rate. With 300% of recirculation rate, the removal efficiency reached 80% at pH 11. The negative effects of bicarbonate on crystallization were observed in oyster shells. The effects of bicarbonate on rate constant were also investigated by applying these results to experimental equation. The rate constant was decreased at the inverse logarithm bicarbonate concentration.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.27 no.12
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• pp.1405-1411
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• 2003

본 연구의 목적은 기계에 의한 객관적 오염제거 평가와 육안에 의한 주관적 오염제거 평가를 비교하기 위한 것이다. 본 연구를 위해 백색의 순면직물과 65%/35% 폴리에스테르/면직물 시료에 9가지의 오염을 각각 처리한 오염포를 제작한 후, 세탁 실험을 하였다. 주관적 오염제거의 평가는 오염시키지 않은 포를 기준시료로 하여 오염포와 같은 조건으로 세탁한 후, 오염제거도를 AATCC Gray Scale for Staining으로 평가하였다. 세탁 후 오염제거도를 객관적으로 평가하기 위해서 각 시료의 K/S values, CIELAB, CMC, ASTM E313 Whiteness Index(WI), ASTM E313 Yellowness Index, and CIE tristimulus values를 구하였고. 세탁에 의한 control 시료의 반사율 변화에 대한 오염포의 반사율 변화를 비교한 오염제거율(PSR)을 구하였다 육안에 의한 주관적 평가 결과와 기계에 의한 객관적 평가의 결과와의 관계를 파악하고자 상관분석을 실시하였다. 본 연구 결과, 주관적 평가와 객관적 평가사이에 유의적인 상관관계가 확인되었으며, 주관적 평가 결과 중 WI가 주관적 평가 결과와 가장 상관관계가 높았으며, PSR과 주관적 평가 결과와의 상관이 상대적으로 가장 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 백색포의 오염 판정이 필요한 산업체에서 현재 많이 사용하고있는 PSR보다는 WI나 다른 색차를 이용하여 객관적 오염 평가를 하는 것이 주관적인 오염평가 결과에 더 근접할 수 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.49-55
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• 2016

This study aims to present the practical Nitrogen monoxide (NO) removal capacity of cement mortar with Titanium dioxide ($TiO_2$) which is one of the paving materials by considering the environment of pavement in urban areas. NO removal capacity test under designated conditions of humidity of inflow gas and the test with variation of the degree of saturation of specimen were conducted. In the test for humidity, dry specimen is subject to the test and NO removal ratio was observed. Humidity-NO removal ratio curve is a log normal distribution in shape, and the maximum NO removal ratio appears at specific humidity. NO removal capacity test relying on the degree of saturation was carried out with wet specimen to reflect the unsaturated pavement by rainfall and domestic sewage. Wet specimen presents less NO removal capacity than dry specimen and the recovering evolution of NO removal capacity follows evaporation. Moreover, $TiO_2$ under the specific depth of specimen hardly contributes to NO removal capacity.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.133-142
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to evaluate a laboratory test on arsenic removal effciency for ARD(Acid Rock Drain-age) using limestone and apatite, and on heavy metals removal efficiencies for AMD(Acid Mine Drainage) using apatite and fish bone. As a result of the laboratory test, pH, arsenic removal rate of limestone & apatite are inversely proportional to flow rates and apatite removes 100% of arsenic while limestone removes 37% of arsenic at 0.6$m{ell}$/min/kg flow rate in case of ARD treatment. And the dissolution amount of apatite is twenty five times higher than that of limestone. In case of AMD treatment, fish bone shows higher dissolution rate than apatite, and pH of outlet water reacted with fish bone is higher than that reacted with apatite. The heavy metal removal rates of fish bone are also higher than that of apatite except arsenic removal rate. The precipitate resulted from fish bone reaction with AMD seems to be biological sludge type while that resulted from apatite with AMD is inorganic solid which can settle easily compared with the biological sludge and can be cemented by gypsum. As the results, apatite can be used as a precipitant for the polluted mine waters showing wide range of pH and fish bone can be used for highly contaminated AMD.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.332-345
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• 2019

The purpose of the study is to evaluate the treatability of contaminated groundwater with TPH and (or) $Cr^{6+}$. Laboratory scale tests were performed for oil/water separation, dissolved air flotation (DAF), coagulation and precipitation, and filtration with sand and activated carbon respectively. Two times of oil/water separation tests for total 40 minutes of separation or separating time shows 90.2 % of TPH removal rate. In case of DAF test for high TPH sample, the TPH removal rates were not varied significantly by the variation of microbubble size. However, tests for low TPH samples show that TPH removal rate increases as microbubbles are smaller. When coagulant was added to sample for DAF test, TPH removal rate was increased 12.3 %. SS removal rate by DAF was 97.9 % at $16-40{\mu}m$ and it was increased as the size of microbubble is reduced. Tests for coagulation and precipitation were performed to evaluate the removal of $Cr^{6+}$ in groundwater. The increase of $FeSO_4$ dosage increased $Cr^{6+}$ removal rate in the coagulation and precipitation process. As the amount of activated carbon in the filter media increased TPH removal rate in the filtration process. SS removal rate by the filtration was 96.7 % similar to the results of DAF process tests. The filtration process treats TPH and SS. Best design parameters are determined as the size of sand is $425-850{\mu}m$ and the ratio of activated carbon and sand is 50:50.

• Journal of Korea Soil Environment Society
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.51-60
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• 1996

Removal of Mn-EDTA complex and fluoride by use of hematite and ferrite, which are the by-product to be disposed of as industrial wastes, was investigated. For the comparison of removal rate, Na-bentonite known as excellent absorbent of inorganic contaminants was included in the experiments. As the results of batch mode experiments, for manganese, ferrite-A revealed 48∼65% of removal capacity, ferrite-B 46∼57%, hematite 17∼26%, while Na-bentonite showed 10∼23% of removal, depending on the initial concentration. Meanwhile, in case of fluoride : hematite revealed 53 ∼63% of removal : ferrite-A 54∼63 %, while ferrite-B did 20∼38 %. From the results, it can be postulated that the capacity of hematite and ferrite to attenuate inorganic pollutants, especially when they form complex ions, is superior to that of Na-bentonite. Consequently, the mixing of such oxide minerals with Na-bentonite will reinforce the function of Na-bentonite, especially in the undergroud liner aspect.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2004.09a
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• pp.172-174
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• 2004

본 논문은 광산산성배수(AMD)에서 철 및 알루미늄 제거 효과가 입증되고 ARD(Acid Rock Drainage)에서의 비소제거 효과가 확인된 인회석을 침전제로 사용하여 철, 알루미늄 및 비소가 아닌 다른 중긍속의 제거효율을 알아보기 위해 도금폐수를 이용하여 실내실험을 실시하였다. 실험결과, 도금폐수의 수질분석결과에 의하면 '수질환경보존법 오염물질 배출허용기준' <가>지역 방출수 기준을 초과하는 것은 pH, Zn, Fe, Cu, Cr 및 P였다. 실험 결과 인회석 40번체 통과분-100번체 잔류분을 사용하는 것이 가장 적절할 것으로 생각되며 유속은 1kg의 인회석에 11의 도금폐수를 3시간 동안 반응시키면 경제적, 시간적 측면에서 가장 적절한 것으로 사료된다. 이 경우 pH는 1.98에서 5.30으로 증가하고 Cr, Fe, Cu 및 Zn은 각각 77.10%, 99.58%, 99.39% 및 40.77% 제거되는 것으로 나타났다. 용해율은 0.3619 g/min/kg으로 계산되었다. 그러나 3시간의 반응시간으로는 크롬 및 아연을 기준치 이하로 제거하지 못하므로 인회석 반응조를 다단계로 하는 실험을 수행해 그 결과를 평가해야 할 것이다.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.187-194
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• 2017

This study was intended to evaluate the removal efficiency of nutrients in effluents of wastewater using microalgae. Microalgae used in the culture experiment collected in stream and reservoir located in Gyeongsangbuk-do. Dominant species in prior-culture tank were Monoraphidium contortum, Scenedesmus acutus, Coelastrum microporum and Chlorella sp. Dominant species in synthetic wastewater culture under the 4000 Lux and 8000 Lux were Chlorella sp. and Scenedesmus obliquus. The removal efficiency of $NO_3-N$ under the 4000 Lux and 8000 Lux were 27.2%~88.1% and 63.0%~83.6% respectively. The removal efficiency of $PO_4-P$ under the 4000 Lux and 8000 Lux showed above 93%. Removal efficiency of nutrients of $1.0{\times}10^6cells\;mL^{-1}$ inoculation concentration was more higher than that of nutrients of $1.0{\times}10^5cells\;mL^{-1}$ and $1.0{\times}10^7cells\;mL^{-1}$ inoculation concentration. Microalgae cultured in synthetic wastewater removed 94.9% of TN and 90.0% of TP. The removal rate of TN and TP in synthetic wastewater were $1.961mg\;L^{-1}\;day^{-1}$ and $0.200mg\;L^{-1}\;day^{-1}$ respectively. Nutrient removal efficiency of microalgae according to kinds of wastewater showed the highest in the private sewage.