• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.327-333
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• 2023

Existing studies on the UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle)-based CPS (Cyber Physical System) environment lack forest fire monitoring and forest fire reconnaissance using real-world UAVs. So, it is necessary to monitor forest fires early through CPS based on real-world UAVs with high reliability and resource management efficiency. In this paper presents an MFG (Misstion File Generater) that automatically generates a flight path of an UAV for forest fire monitoring in a CPS environment. MFG generates flight paths based on a hiking trail with a high fire probability due to a true story of an entrant. We have confirmed that the flight path generated by MFG can be applied to the UAV. Also, we have verified that the UAV flies according to the flight path generated by MFG in simulation, with a negligible error rate.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.1024-1031
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• 2012

In the past, the part of development of that is used for the military aviation target or reconnaissance is being extended to the range of application not only reconnaissance but also civilian industry as the introduction of the newest IT technology and the technical evolution. The Civilian low-cost UAV that is expected growth at the market of UAV in the world is accelerated to the extended applicability in the fields. However, The UAV study is recently focused on the Link and The Data bus because the main decision of the civilian UAV system configuration is not suitable to determinate the factory of price. In this paper is analysed the UAV data bus through the simulation in same condition both the CAN Bus which used the automobile industry and the MIL-STD-1553B which is used the aviation industry. As a comparison result, we identified that the CAN Bus of conventional configuration is possible to transmit the data without the need for a separate coupler equipment against the MIL-STD-1553B data. Thus, we identified that the CAN bus is capable to apply as a low-cost UAV internal data bus to optimize configuration and weight than 1553B.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.9-20
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• 2011

Future warfare paradigm is changing to network-centric warfare and effects-based operations. In order to find first and strike the enemy in the battlefield, friendly unit requires real-time target acquisition, intelligence collection, accurate situation assessment, and timely decision. The rapid development in advanced sensor technology and wireless networks requires a significant change in operational concepts of the battlefield surveillance. In particular, the introduction of a battlefield surveillance sensor network system is a big challenge to the ground forces which have lack of automated information collection assets. Therefore this paper proposes an ontology-based context-aware framework for the battlefield surveillance sensor network system which is needed for early finding the enemy and visualizing the battlefield in the ground force operations. Compared with the performance of existing systems, the one of the proposed framework has shown highly positive results by applying the context systems evaluation method. The framework has also proven to be satisfactory by the structured evaluation method using device collaboration. Since the proposed ontology-based context-aware framework has a lot of advantages in terms of scalability and reusability, the ground force's reconnaissance and surveillance system can be widely applied to expand in the future. And, ontology-based model has some weak points such as ontology data size, processing time, and limitation of network bandwidth. However, these problems can be resolved by customizing properly to fit the mission and characteristics of the unit. Moreover, development of the next-generation communication infrastructure can expedite the intelligent surveillance and reconnaissance service and may be expected to contribute greatly to expanding the information capacity.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.219-228
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• 2013

The surveillance imaging equipments are functioning to observe the shape of the target in real time or to measure its location precisely. The roles of such equipments are becoming more important in today's weapon systems.The aforementioned imaging equipments can be classified based on the modes of operations such as fixed, installed on cars, or composite of those. Also, according to different concepts of sensor operation, a separate type uses independent housing for each sensor whereas in a composite type a set of multiple sensors are housed into a unit altogether. The sensors in general have magnetism, thereby introducing the possible negative effects, particularly in the composite types, in locating the reference position, which is carried out by the digital compass. The use of shielding material/housing could be an option but results in increased weight and reduced portability, restricting its use in composite type equipments. As such, the objective of this paper is to study on how to reduce such magnetic effects on the position location. To do so, in the absence of magnetic shielding, a variety of sensor positions were first modeled. By combing the result with the fact that the functions of PAN & Tilt are used in the equipments, a new position location algorithm is proposed. The use of the new algorithm can automate the position location process as compared to the manual process of the existing approach. In the algorithm developed, twelve locations are measured in connection with both the azimuth and elevation angles in comparison to the six locations alone around the azimuth angle. As a result, it turns out that the measurement range has been widened but the measurement time reduced. Also, note that the effect of errors the operators may make during measurement could be reduced.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.99-106
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• 2018

In the process of acquiring information through the cyber ISR (Intelligence Surveillance Reconnaissance) and research into the agent to help decision-making, periodic communication between the C&C (Command and Control) server and the agent may not be possible. In this case, we have studied how to effectively surveillance and reconnaissance. Due to the network configuration, agents planted on infiltrated computers can not communicate seamlessly with C&C servers. In this case, the agent continues to collect data continuously, and in order to analyze the collected data within a short time in When communication is possible with the C&C server, it can utilize limited resources and time to continue its mission without being discovered. This research shows the superiority of incremental learning method over batch method through experiments. At an experiment with the restricted memory of 500 mega bytes, incremental learning method shows 10 times decrease in learning time. But at an experiment with the reuse of incorrectly classified data, the required time for relearn takes twice more.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.435-442
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• 2017

A catadioptric optical system produces images by refraction and reflection. To improve the image quality, the shape of the secondary mirror supporters should be determined to ensure that the centering error and tilt of secondary mirror are very small, and the main mirror receives the maximum amount of light. Furthermore, random acceleration vibration has a severe effect on the optical system for observation reconnaissance. In order to obtain the best design under these circumstances, the volume of the secondary mirror supporter must be minimized while satisfying the constraints expressed in standard deviations of the centering error and tilt. It is difficult to analytically calculate the design sensitivities of the standard deviations, because they are statistically defined. Hence, after their second-order regression equations were determined using a response surface methodology, an optimal geometric design was obtained. As a result, it was found that the method proposed in this paper, which included a random vibration analysis, was effective in obtaining the optimal design for a secondary mirror supporter with robustness.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.105-117
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• 2020

Analysis of combat effectiveness is required to consider the concept of tactical cooperative engagement between manned-unmanned weapon systems, in order to predict the required operational capabilities of future weapon systems that meets the concept of 'effect-based synchronized operations.' However, analytical methods such as mathematical and statistical models make it difficult to analyze the effects of complex systems under nonlinear warfare. In this paper, we propose a combat simulation model that can simulate the concept of cooperative engagement between manned-unmanned combat entities based on wireless communications. First, we model unmanned combat entities, e.g., unmanned ground vehicles and drones, and manned combat entities, e.g., combatants and artillery, considering the capabilities required by the future ground system. We also simulate tactical behavior in which all entities perform their mission while sharing battlefield situation information through wireless communications. Finally we explore the feasibility of the proposed model by analyzing combat effectiveness such as target acquisition rate, remote control success rate, reconnaissance lead time, survival rate, and enemy's loss rate under a small-unit armor reconnaissance scenario. The proposed model is expected to be used in war-game combat experiments as well as analysis of the effects of manned-unmanned ground weapons.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.37 no.8B
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• pp.637-646
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• 2012

Recently, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are used in many applications. When sensor nodes are deployed on special areas, where humans have any difficulties to get in, the nodes form network topology themselves. By using the sensor nodes, users are able to obtain environmental information. Due to the lack of the battery capability, sensor nodes should be efficiently managed with energy consumption in WSNs. In specific applications (e.g. in intrusion detections), intruders tend to occur unexpectedly. For the energy efficiency in the applications, an appropriate algorithm is strongly required. In this paper, we propose tree-based routing algorithm for the specific applications, which based on the intrusion detection. In addition, In order to decrease traffic density, the proposed algorithm provides enhanced method considering link cost and load balance, and it establishes efficient links amongst the sensor nodes. Simultaneously, by using the proposed scheme, parent and child nodes are (re-)defined. Furthermore, efficient routing table management facilitates to improve energy efficiency especially in the limited power source. In order to apply a realistic military environment, in this paper, we design three scenarios according to an intruder's moving direction; (1) the intruder is passing along a path where sensor nodes have been already deployed. (2) the intruders are crossing the path. (3) the intruders, who are moving as (1)'s scenario, are certainly deviating from the middle of the path. In conclusion, through the simulation results, we obtain the performance results in terms of latency and energy consumption, and analyze them. Finally, we validate our algorithm is highly able to adapt on such the application environments.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.60-71
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• 2019

Electrical power supply is needed to operate the radar system in the field. In addition, it should not cause performance deterioration under the environmental factors due to characteristics of military equipment, and should not cause malfunction due to electromagnetic waves generated in radar, and then should not cause malfunction in radar equipment. Therefore, By applying a permanent magnet to the rotor of the generator, light weighting and high efficiency of generator were achieved. As a result, electrical performance test of the generator, the rated output power was 80.8 kW, the maximum output power was 88.1 kW, and the output power efficiency was 98.1 % under the full load condition. When the load capacity of the generator was changed from no load to full load, the maximum voltage variation was 3.6 % and the frequency variation was 0.3 %. As a result of the transient response test for measuring the output power of the generator according to the load characteristics change, the maximum voltage variation of 7.9 %, frequency variation of 0.5 % were confirmed, and the transient response time was 2.1 seconds. Environmental tests were conducted in accordance with MIL-STD-810G and MIL-STD-461F to evaluate the operability of the generator groups. Normal operation of radar system generator group was confirmed under high temperature and low temperature environment conditions. Electromagnetic tests were conducted to check if electromagnetic wave generated from both radar system and generator group in operation caused any performance deterioration to each other. As a result, it was confirmed that the performance deterioration due to electromagnetic wave inflow, radiation, and conduction did not occur. It is expected that it should be possible to provide high efficiency power supply and stable power supply by applying to various military system as well as radar system.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Information Technology
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• v.16 no.11
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• pp.51-59
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• 2018

The Multi-Mission Unmanned Surface Vehicle(MMUSV), which is manufactured using glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic(FRP) material, is designed to perform a surveillance and reconnaissance on the sea. Various navigation sensors, such as RADAR, RIDAR, camera, are mounted on a mast to perform an autonomous navigation. And a dummy gun is mounted on the deck of the MMUSV for a target tracking and disposal. It is necessary to analyze a strength for structures mounted on the deck because the MMUSV performs missions under a severe sea state. In this paper, a strength analysis of the mast structure is performed on static loads and lateral external loads to verify an adequacy of the designed mast through a series of simulations. Based on the results of captive model tests, a strength analysis for a heave motion of the mast structure is conducted using a simulation tool. Also a simulation and fatigue test for a mounting part between the MMUSV and the dummy gun are performed using a specimen. The simulation and test results are represented that a structure of the mast and mounting part of the dummy gun are appropriately designed.he impact amount are performed through simulation and experiments.