• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.123-128
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• 2013

This study was performed with an aim to examine the inner thoughts of Muso Soseki through his works. In this study, we reviewed currently existing Mus$\bar{o}$ Soseki. Works in which his idea or intention behind his works are to be understood in terms of landscaping science or religious perspective. Targeting his best representative works of temple gardens such as Jochou-ji, Eiho-ji, Zuisen-ji, Tenryu-ji, it was sought his view of gardening and technique of garden making. Those temples, selected as target of this study, have significance as a places to have started his learning till matured of his thought into his gardening works. What we need to concentrate and think about regarding the works of Muso is the fact that we are to be impressed upon just looking at his works. The study result indicates that Muso not only symbolized his various mastered ideas & philosophies into spatial configuration into the garden based on Zen Buddhism idea, but also accomplished the Sabi-gardening beauty. Through his writing "Mongjoongmundap(夢中問答)" that is created using his core thoughts, his works can be understood better. This study has significance in that the idea. It could be understood that Muso's work is rooted in the basic idea of three ideas. The first of it is Zen philosophy being indicated in his configuration of gardening such as Zen meditation Stone, cave, chamdo etc. The second of it is shown as the merciful heart of Sangguboje(上求普提), Hahwajoongsaeng(下化衆生), being indicated in his configuration of gardening such as the pond And finally, there appears the Tao idea. Taoist thought has become of where the background space.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.64-71
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• 2012

This is a basic study for recovering original form of Nongsanbyeoleop(農山別業) in Gangjin, Jeonnam, created in the latter part of Joseon period and the estimation of originla form at the time of creation was conducted by analyzing related literature and inspecting the actual site. "Joseokruki(朝夕樓記)" of Dasan Jung, Yak Yong could estimate spatial structure and using form of Nongsanbyeoleop and the arrangement of spatial structure in literature could be confirm by on-the-site inspection. The results of this study are as follows. The first, Nongsanbyeoleop managed spatial factors applying natural topography. For the spatial characteristics of Nongsanbyeoleop, the location of ancestral ritual space including deceased father's tomb and tomb house far from the main levee of Yun, Kwang Taek, a father of Yun, Seo Yu by 1.9km and housekeeping could be confirmed. The second, spatial estimation by "Joseokruki" could be possible. "Joseokruki" describes Joseokru.Youngmojae.Hanokkwan.Cheokyunjung.Sangam as construction factors, Wundang.Kookdan.Nokwunoh. as plant factors, Sookyunggan.Keumkoji.Nokeumjung.Uijanghae as hydroponic factors and Pyoeunkok.Aengjakang as natural topography factors. However, most of them were disappeared and at present, only Youngmojae, Keumgoji, Kukdan and Wundang show the past trace. The third is for the changed space of Nongsanbyeoleop and its reason. The surrounding space of Nongsanbyeoleop was planated by land arrangement in 1960s and it played a role of topographical damage because it's recognized as the plane factor including Nongsanbyeoleop's surrounding landscape rather than dotted factor. The forth, the actual measurement of Nongsanbyeoleop and digitalization of manual map of numerical value are judged to be sufficient to apply as the basic material for recovering garden in the future. Because of the diatahce changing method applied at that time, the garden recovery of Nongsanbyeoleop intended to be concreted and 3D model established by digitalized basic materials is considered to apply for multilateral studying. Thus, Nongsanbyeoleop which is byeolseo including the tomb of deceased father based on the conceptual hyo thought shows clear differences from the organized factors of Byolseowonrim of precedent studies and the importance of Byolseowonrim is sufficient. But, the constructional factors which cannot know disappeared spatial factors and accurate location became the limitation of this study. In the future, clear verification of original form must be progressed by excavation which can confirm the location of construction factors.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.46-58
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• 2022

This study analyzed the documentation trend of garden components such as plants, infrastructure, unit facilities, and structures, based on 188 measurement drawings of 94 old houses in a report on the documentation of the national folklore cultural heritage. The findings are as follows. First, it was found that plants and structures continuously appeared as the subject of measurement drawings, while infrastructure was often omitted. It was confirmed that unit facilities, which are smaller than other components, were frequently excluded from the documentation subject as well due to frequent changes such as movement, loss, and expansion. Second, the level of expression in measurement drawings showed different aspects for each component. The unit facilities showed a large change over time with respect to the level of documentation, and the level of documentation was somewhat polarized, particularly toward the latter stage. This suggests that the level of documenting the drawings limited to specific facilities improved, but the overall level of drawings did not improve, such as a lack of diversification of expression techniques suitable for various unit facilities. On the other hand, it was confirmed that the level of documenting the drawings for plants, infrastructure and structures did not change to a significant degree, implying that no improvements were made to the expression of components. Third, as for the technique of detailed expression, in the case of plants, vegetation status was prepared without distinction of old or protected trees that have historical value. Above all, there was no record of the vegetation structure that could help grasp the vegetation landscape of the outer area. As for the infrastructure, there was no consistent expression technique to systematically convey topographic changes such as the height and slope of the land. In addition, since there was no subtype classification defined for unit facilities and structures, there was no subject or method of documentation. This study is meaningful in that it expanded the category of documentation, which has been concentrated on buildings in old houses, to gardens, and called attention to the need for documenting the gardens for the preservation and management of old houses as an integration of the building and outer area.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2014.07a
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• pp.155-156
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• 2014

본 연구의 목적은 21세기 학습자가 반드시 갖추어야 할 컴퓨팅 사고력 향상을 위하여 컴퓨팅 사고력의 핵심 요소인 추상화에 집중할 수 있는 퍼즐 기반 학습을 설계하고자 한 데 있다. 이를 위하여 컴퓨팅 개념과 원리를 포함하는 퍼즐 문항을 개발하고 컴퓨팅 사고력의 문제 해결 요소 9가지를 기반으로 퍼즐 해결에 접근할 수 있는 수업을 설계하였다. 또한 교수학습을 위한 전략으로 학습자에게 성취감을 부여하는 성공의 경험, 다양한 난이도를 가진 퍼즐 문항 구성, 정답대신 해결 과정에 집중하는 교사태도를 제시하였다. 퍼즐 기반 학습은 학습자의 컴퓨팅 사고력 향상을 통해 앞으로 직면할 다양하고 복잡한 문제를 효과적이고 효율적인 해결하도록 할 것이다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.137-148
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• 2017

This study analyzed the opinions of residents for desirable urban regeneration and suggested an improvement plan for alley environments. This study conducted a questionnaire survey of the residents living in Alley Garden of Bisan 2,3-dong, Daegu Metropolitan City. In the analysis of the importance and satisfaction of Alley Garden components, items related to a safe, cleanly environment such as 'Lighting facility installation', 'Sewage and waste disposal' and 'CCTV installation' had a high level of importance. It was also found that items improved by the Residential Environment Improvement Project and Alley Garden such as 'Lighting facility installation', 'Quantity of herbaceous flowers' and 'Kinds of herbaceous flowers' had a high level of satisfaction. The IPA results showed that items such as 'Empty house maintenance', 'Rest facilities such as benches and pergolas', 'Space for resident interaction' and 'Public parking lot' had a high level of importance, but had a low level of satisfaction, which suggests that they should be improved by priority. As a result of factor analysis, Alley Garden components were classified into four factors: 'Safety and cleanliness', 'Greenness', 'Exchange and convenience facility' and 'Aesthetics renewal'. Based on this classification, a regression analysis was conducted regarding the effects of the four factors on overall satisfaction. Results showed that all four factors had a significant influence on the overall satisfaction and that 'Aesthetics renewal' and 'Safety and cleanliness', respectively showing levels of significance at 0.274 and 0.235, were highly influential to overall satisfaction. Therefore, it was concluded that spaces for resident interaction and rest facilities should be preferentially installed to improve the environment of alleys. For the improvement of the overall satisfaction of alley environments, it was also concluded that residents should be encouraged to engage in activities such as sculpture installation and mural drawing, along with the introduction of safety bells and crime prevention environment design and the implementation of alley beautification projects.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.79-81
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• 2010

사용자의 적극적 참여를 유도하는 교육용 UCG(User Creative Game) 퀘스트(Quest) 제작 시스템은 게임 내 역할수행(Quest) 구성 권한을 사용자에게 부여하여 게임 내에서 사용자가 제작한 자유도 높은 임무를 제공한다. 이를 바탕으로 적극적인 사용자는 재미요소와 교육적 목표를 가진 퀘스트를 구성, 제작한다. 퀘스트 제작 시스템을 통하여 생산되는 퀘스트를 통하여 양질의 퀘스트 데이터는 축척 된다. 이로 인하여 게임의 수명은 연장되고 게임 내 교육적 기능성 부여는 게임 개발자가 아니라 교육 전문가인 적극적 사용자를 통하여 이루어진다.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.31-46
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to analyze publicness by the types of childcare centers, and factors related to publicness in the operation of childcare centers. The subjects of this study were 511 childcare centers. Data were analyzed by frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, F-test, Duncan's post hoc test, and regression. The findings of the study were: First, Among childcare centers, Public childcare centers were high in universality, transparency and participation. But family daycare homes and private centers were low in universality, transparency, participation, and openness. Second, public childcare centers, family daycare homes, private childcare centers, major city and medium-sized cities affected universality in the operation of childcare centers. Public childcare centers, social welfare foundation childcare centers, family daycare homes, private childcare centers and proportion of capacity affected transparency in the operation of childcare centers. Public childcare centers, family daycare homes, private childcare centers and proportion of capacity affected participation in the operation of childcare centers. Government able to accomplish publicness in the operation of childcare centers if it would strengthen management process and expanded financial for childcare centers.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.113-121
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• 2020

The Chinese Architect Wangshu, who won the Pritzker Architecture Prize at 2012, is the first and only winner in China. This study focused on the expression of his unique architectural ideas. Especially with a high interest in Chinese traditional calligraphy and landscape painting, Wangshu tried to use its traditional features to form his own architectural way. First this study looked at the features of calligraphy and landscape painting. Second this research studied the expression of Wangshu's architectural practice in calligraphy's way. Lastly this study furthered study of Wangshu's architecture combined with landscape paintings' features. The results state these following. 1) For calligraphy, he used the "modular composition" of Chinese characters to architectural composition, which included architectural form and materials. The "similarities" and "space creation" of calligraphy are respectively applied to architectural spatial details and site planning. 2) For landscape painting, Wangshu borrows its elements to compose his architecture with "gardening consciousness". The "view method" of paintings was used to his architectural pedestrian flows, and Wangshu also based on the "space creation" of landscape painting to do architectural space design with creating the similar atmosphere.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.271-278
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• 2017

Low impact development (LID) technology has been recently applied for the treatment of nonpoint source pollutants. Rain garden is one of the widely used LIDs since it utilizes various mechanisms such as biological and physico-chemical treatment to reduce pollutants. However, problem such as clogging has been one of the issues encountered by the rain garden that do not undergo constant maintenance. Therefore, this research was conducted to develop and determine the component arrangement of a rain garden system for a more efficient volume and pollutant reduction. Two hybrid rain garden systems having different characteristics were developed and evaluated to determine the optimum design and arrangement of the system. The results showed that the components arranged in a series manner showed a volume reduction of 93% and a pollutant reduction efficiency of approximately 99%, 93% and 95% was observed for particulates, nutrients and heavy metals, respectively. While when the system is connected in a combined series-parallel, the volume and average pollutant reduction efficiency for the TSS, nutrients and heavy metals are 65%, 94%, 80% and 85%, respectively. Moreover, the component arrangement in the order of sedimentation tank, infiltration tank and plant bed exhibited a high pollutant reduction efficiency compared when the infiltration tank and plant bed were interchanged. The findings of this research will help in the further development and optimization of rain garden systems.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.235-243
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• 1991

This paper is concerned with developing infinite elements which are applicable to wave diffraction and radiation problems in the vertical plane. The near need region surrounding the solid body is modeled using conventional finite elements. but the far fold region is represented using the infinite elements developed in this study. The shape functions for the infinite elements are derived from the analytical eigenseries solution of the scattered waves in the far field region. The system matrices of the elements are constructed by performing the integration in the infinite direction analytically to achieve computational efficiency. Numerical analysis is carried out for two floating bodies with different cross-sectional shapes to prove the efficiency and validity of the elements. Numerical experiments are also performed to determine the suitable location of the infinite elements which directly affect accuracy and efficiency of the solution.