• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.233-243
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• 1999

This study was designed to investigate the level of the Perceived Social Support and Instrument Activities of Daily Living(IADL) of the elderly. The subjects were 239 individuals of 65 years of age and over, living in Taegu city and Kyungpook Province. The data were collected through interviews with questionnaires from July 20 to August 30, 1998, and analyzed by frequency, percentage, mean, Pearson Correlation, t-test and ANOVA using the SAS program. The results of this study were as follows. 1. The mean score of the Perceived Social Support of elderly was 2.37/5. The instrumental support(M=2.52) out of type of the Perceived Social Support was the highest and the self-esteem support(M=2.18) was the lowest. 2. The shopping(M=2.89) out of IADL was the highest and the laundry(M=1.24) was the lowest. 3. The Social Support was significantly related to the IADL. The self-esteem support(r=.58) out of type of the Perceived Social Support was the highest correlation and the instrumental support(r=.32) was the lowest correlation. 4. Of the demographic characteristics of the subjects, age(F=4.61), educational level(F=4.04), living with a spouse(t=3.37), pocket money(F=3.51), satisfaction of pocket money(F=5.21) were significantly resated to the Social Support scores.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.189-199
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• 2004

Purpose: Despite the small incidence, head and neck cancer may cause a wide range of physical transformation by surgical operation, damage to active functions such as eating and speaking. It may provoke hopelessness, change self-esteem and self-concept after its operation, influencing the quality life of head and neck cancer patients. Thus nursing intervention should be developed to provide supportive nursing for head and neck cancer patients and play roles as competent supporters. Methods: This study was a nonequivalent, control group, pretest-posttest, non-synchronized quasi-experimental research designed to determine how supportive nursing intervention effects on hopelessness, self-esteem and self-concept of head and neck cancer patients. Subjects of the study included 40 adult inpatients of K University hospital in Pusan who were diagnosed as having head and neck cancer and operated. They were divided into experimental and comparison groups, each consisting of 20 members. The data were collected during the period from December 1, 1999 to April 11, 2000. Tools of the study included the protocol of supportive nursing intervention which was developed by researcher by means of reference, literal review and expert's advice. The measurement tool of hopelessness was translated by Won was the device of hopelessness self-evaluation from Beck, the tool for self-esteem measurement was developed by Rosenberg and translated by Kim, and the device of self-concept used by Lee et al, modified by Lee were used respectively. Data were analyzed using the SPSS/PC 9.0 program. The homogeneity of the subjects were tested using $x^2-test$ and t-test. 3 hypotheses were tested using t-test. Results: The results of the study can be summarized as follows. 1. The third hypothesis that the experimental group receiving supportive nursing intervention showed a little hopelessness than the control group not receiving supportive nursing intervention was supported (t=4.550, P=.000). 2. The third hypothesis that the experimental group receiving supportive nursing intervention showed more self-esteem than the control group not receiving supportive nursing intervention was supported (t=-6.40, p=.000). 3. The third hypothesis that the experimental group receiving supportive nursing intervention showed more self-concept than the control group not receiving supportive nursing intervention was supported (t=-6.065, P=.000). Conclusion: Supportive nursing intervention was effective nursing intervention strategy for reducing hopelessness and increasing self-esteem and self-concept of head and neck cancer patients. Then the quality of life of head and neck cancer patients can be enhanced by providing supportive nursing intervention in nursing practice.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.339-351
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• 2004

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of phased horticultural therapy(HT) program on the experience of psychologic therapy and the development of job and social integration in the mentally handicapped persons. In this study, the mentally handicapped persons participated in HT program were chosen in disabled person's welfare institute of Jeonnam. HT program was performed twice a week with 1 hour activity for 4 months. As a results, the mentally handicapped persons participated in HT program showed high interest of horticulture and improvement of self-respect and the high satisfactory degree of HT program. Therefore, the mentally handicapped persons were showed the experience of both physical and mental therapy, improvement of self-esteem scale and sociality in HT program. Also, the application of HT program with continuously interest will be showed high improvement of physical, psychological and sentimental. In the course of this HT program progress, horticultural therapist and social welfare officer were showed the limitation of role. Therefore the leaders of group for successful HT program be required the comprehensive plan of more efficient HT program and induced technique of continuously up-phased improvements in HT program progress.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.74-81
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• 2018

Objectives: Insomnia is one of the major concerns in the elderly population. Cognitive behavioral treatment for insomnia is the first line treatment option, but there are some limitations including time and cost burdens and the requirement for sufficient cognitive resources to obtain a proper treatment effect. The Brief intervention for insomnia (BII) is a treatment that focuses on behavioral aspects of insomnia in primary care practices. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of BII in community-dwelling older adults. Methods: A total of 47 older adults with insomnia were enrolled from community centers between May 2016 and January 2018. They participated in the BII program for three weeks. We gathered sleep-related participant information with using the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), the Sleep hygiene index, and a sleep diary. Clinical efficacy was evaluated by comparing total sleep time (TST), sleep latency (SL), waking after sleep onset (WASO), and sleep efficiency (SE) before and after the treatment. Results: There was significant improvement in sleep-related features after BII. Global score and sleep quality from the PSQI, freshness, and WASO from the sleep diary showed statistically significant improvement. Conclusion: We found BII showed positive clinical efficacy in community dwelling older adults, especially from the perspective of subjective sleep quality and WASO. This finding implies that BII can be effectively applied for the managment of elderly insomnia patients in a community setting.

• Korean Journal of School Psychology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.17-38
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• 2020

This study examined the factor structure of the Child Behavior Checklist Dysregulation Profile(CBCL-DP) for school-aged children in Korea identified differences in the level of maladjustment and problematic behaviors between the clinical group which had characteristics of CBCL-DP and the control group which did not. Confirmative factor analysis was performed on three alternative models from the literature to determine which was the most appropriate factor structure for the CBCL-DP. The result showed that the bi-factor model fit the sample data better than both the one and second-factor models. To confirm that the bi-factor model was the most appropriate factor structure, regression paths with relevant variables examined. The showed that CBCL-DP with the bi-factor model was associated with executive function difficulty as reported by parents and with school adjustment and all sub-factors of strength and difficulty as reported by teachers. The results also showed that this model had a different relationship with anxiety/depression, aggressive behavior, and attention problems than the other models. The clinical group was shown to have more executive function difficulty, worse adjustment of school life and to be less likely to engage in desired behaviors than the control group. These results indicate the CBCL-DP is more related to negative outcomes than any other factor, and that the bi-factor model was found to best fit the sample data, consistent with other studies. The early discovery of CBCL-DP can be used to provide interventions for high-risk children who exhibit emotional and behavioral problems, making its detection a significant diagnostic tool. The implications of these result, the limitations of this study, and areas for future research are discussed in this paper.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.45-57
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• 2023

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the concurrent validity of the self- and proxy-report versions of the KIDSCREEN-10 quality of life questionnaire. Methods : A total of nine children and nine parents were selected to represent a cohort registered for a school-based wellness program. Two versions of the KIDSCREEN-10 questionnaire (self- and proxy reports) were administered to the children and their parents. The Rasch rating scale model was applied to determine the dimensionality and item difficulty of the two versions of the questionnaire. Moreover, the item-person matching map and Spearman's rho were compared to confirm the concurrent validity of the two versions. Results : All items, except four items (i.e., autonomy, home life, concentration/learning, and peers/social support), fit the Rasch rating scale model of the children's self-report version of the questionnaire. With regard to the parent's proxy-report version, two items misfit the model. While the items of the self- and proxy-report versions showed similar item difficulties, the parents had a tendency to be more severe in their ratings than the children. The correlation between the two versions was relatively low (Spearman's rho = .533, p > .05). The scatterplots between the two versions showed differences in the item difficulties of the physical and psychological well-being and self-perception items. Conclusion : These findings suggest that the three identified items should be taken into consideration when measuring children's health-related quality of life using the KIDSCREEN-10 questionnaire.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.12 no.5_spc
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• pp.45-79
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• 2006

The purpose of this paper was to review the results of the subjective well-being(swb) studies performed by Hahn and coworkers in Korean culture. As the correlates of swb, we dealt with demographic/individual difference variables, intrapersonal variables, interpersonal process variables, and Korean cultural variables. We proposed that the components of swb were consisted of quality of life(cognitive swb) and overall happy feelings about one's own life(emotional swb). It was also assumed that a measure of total swb could be calculated by summated mean of cognitive swb and emotional swb measures. The data of the swb studies were analyzed and interpreted according to the above three measures of swb. The results of a nationwide survey(Hahn, 2004) from age of 19 to 75 years ald(n=2,230) showed significant simple correlation coefficients between the following demographic/individual difference variables and swb: Gender difference in swb was found(total swb r=.08, p<.001; life satisfaction r=.10, p<.001; overall emotional swb r=.05, p<.05). Men were happier than women in terms of all three measures of swb. It was also found that women appeared to experience greater positive and negative emotions. Correlation between age and emotional swb(r=.09, p<.001) was significant, but life satisfaction was not significant(r=.04, n.s). Correlations between economic status and swb were also significant(total swb r =.23, p<.001; life satisfaction r=.15 p<.001; overall emotional swb r=.15, p<.001l). Although existence of father was negatively related to emotional swb(r=-.05, p<.05), the existence of mother was not related to any of swb measures. Similarly existence of brothers was related positively to overall emotional swb, but existence of sisters was not. Though existence of son was not related to swb, daughter contributed negatively to swb(total swb -.12, p<.01; life satisfaction -.09, p<.05; emotional swb r=-.12, p<.01). We assumed that family member-in-Iaw also contributed to swb because the extended dose social networks were important in Korean culture. The results showed that the following family member-in-law variables were related to swb: Parents-in-law(total swb r=.11, p<.01; life satisfaction r=.10, p<.01; emotional swb r=.10, p<.01), father-in-law(total swb r=.11, p<.01; life satisfaction r=.11, p<.01; emotional swb r=.06, n.s). The result suggested that especially father-in-law contributed to swb through financial and social support. Correlations between emotional experiences in everyday life and swb were also presented. The range of correlation coefficients between the positive emotion measures and swb were r=.30~.48(p<.001) when the above two measures obtained at same time. But the range decreased to r=.19~32(p<.001) when the swb measure was obtained 9 month later longitudinally. Intercorrelations between positive emotional experience; and life satisfaction were r=.37~58(p<.001) when two measures were obtained at same time. We also examined the effects of the intrapersonal cognitive responses to the most stressful life event upon swb. The results of nationwide survey(n=1,021) showed that self-disclosure(total swb r=.09, p<.010; life satisfaction r=.10, p<.01; emotional swb r=.07, p<.01), rumination(total swb r=-.17, p<.001), thought avoidance(total swb r=.12, p<.001; life satisfaction r=-.08; emotional swb r=-.12, p<.001) and suppression(total swb r=-.13, p<.001; life satisfaction r=-.08, p<.05: emotional swb r=-.13, p<.001) contributed to swb. It was also suggested that mismatch between self-guide and regulatory focus contributed negatively to emotional swb. It was also found that social comparison motives and fulfillment of the motives contributed to swb. The results of a survey research(n=363 college students) revealed that the higher the general social comparison motive, the lower the swb(total swb r=-.15, P<.01: life satisfaction r=-.17. p<.01; emotional swb r=-.10, p<.05). It was also found that satisfaction level of self-evalution motive contributed positively to swb(total swb r=-.14. p<.01: life satisfaction r=-.12, p<.05; emotional swb r=.15, p<.001). Both of self-improvement motive(r=.13, p<.05) and satisfaction level of self-improvement motive(r=.12, p<.05) contributed positively to emotional swb, respectively. The above results suggested that swb was depended upon the interaction effect of social comparison motive; and level of fulfillment of the motives. We also reported the significant multiple predictors of swb in a sample of age from 60years to 89years olds. The results of multiple regression analysis showed that the significant multiple predictors of swb were past illness(β=.174, p<.001), economic status(β=.418, p<.001), marital satisfaction(β=.0841, p<.001), satisfaction of offsprins(β=.065, p<.01), expectation level of social support from offsprings(β=-.049, p<.001), and negative emotions(β=-.454. p<.001) among 16 social psychological factors. It was also found that swb was an important multiple predictors of physical health. This finding was replicated in a longitudinal study. Both of positive and negative emotional experiences were significant multiple predictors of physical health one year later. The results of the discriminant analysis showed both of total swb and positive emotional experiences contributed to discriminate the happy and healthy olds from unhappy and unhealthy olds. We paper also examined the effects of the nonnative social behaviors upon swb in Korean culture. The main hypotheses of the study(Hahn, 2006, in press) was that the important nonnative behaviors would influence on swb through both of the mediation processes of adjustment to social relationships and psychological stress. The survey data were collected from 2,129 adults age of 19 to 75, from 7 regional areas in Korea. The results of the study revealed that almost all of correlation coefficients between 15 normative social behaviors and the above three criteria w-ere significant. The fitness test results of the covariance structural equation model showed that all of the fitness indices were satisfactory (GFI=.974, AGFI=.909, NNFI=.922, NFI=.973, CFI=.974. RMR=.049, RMSEA=.073). The results of the analysis revealed that the following five path coeffi6ents from behaviors to social adjustment were significant; behavior tor family and family members(t=5.87, p<.001), courteous behavior(t=4.39, p<.001), faithful behavior (t=2.15. p<.05). collectivistic behavior(t=8.31, p<.001). Seven path coefficients from the normative behaviors to psychological stress were significant; behavior for family and family members (t=-4.63, p<.001), faithful behavior(t=-3.86, p<.001). suppression of emotional expression(t=3.99, p<.001), trustworthy and dependable behavior(t=-2.21, p<.05), collectivistic behavior(t=3.72, p<.001), effortful and diligent behavior(t=2.94, p<.001), husbandry and saving behavior(t=3.40, p<.001). The above results suggested that four normative behaviors among seven behaviors contributed negatively to psychological stress in current Korean society. The results abo confirmed the hypothesized paths from social adjustment (t=10.40, p<.001) to swb and from psychological stress(t=-19.74, p<.001) to swb. The important results of the study were discussed in terms of the Confucian traditions and recent social changes in Korean culture. Finally limitations of this review paper were discussed and the suggestions for the future study were also proposed.