• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.389-396
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• 2003

It is shown that the cubic law can be modified regarding the steady-state Navier-Stokes equations by using perturbation approximation method for a sinusoidal aperture variation. In order to adopt the perturbation theory, the sinusoidal function needs to be non-dimensionalized for the amplitude and wavelength. Then, the steady-state Navier-Stokes equations can be solved by expanding the non-dimensionalized stream function with respect to the small value of the parameter (the ratio of the mean aperture to the wavelength), together with the continuity equation. From the approximate solution of the Navier-Stokes equations, the basic cubic law is successfully modified for the steady-state condition and a sinusoidal aperture variation. A finite difference method is adopted to calculate the pressure within a fracture model, and the results of numerical experiments show the accuracy and applicability of the modified cubic law. As a result, it is noted that the modified cubic law, suggested in this study, will be used for the analysis of fluid flow through aperture geometry of sinusoidal distributions.

• Proceeding of EDISON Challenge
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• 2012.04a
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• pp.121-124
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• 2012

비정상 유동 해석을 수행하는데 있어서 비정상 Navier-Stokes 방정식을 적용한 결과와 정상 N-S 지배 방정식을 적용한 결과의 차이를 비교하려한다. 적용하고자 하는 비정상 유동은 대칭형 에어포일 NACA0012 에어포일 주위 유동으로 정하였으며, 이 때 에어포일 시위(chord) 길이와 자유류(free stream) 속도 기준으로 Re=100,000에 해당한다. 계산결과 비정상 지배 방정식을 적용한 경우 비정상 유동박리(flow separation)를 모사 할 수 있었으며, 평균 양력계수($C_L$)와 항력계수($C_D$)는 실험치와 비교적 잘 일치하였다. 하지만 정상 N-S 방정식을 적용했을 경우 비정상 유동을 모사하기 어려웠으며 평균양력, 항력계수도 실험치와 차이를 보였다. 이러한 결과는 비정상 유동 해석시 시간에 따라 변화하는 유동의 특성을 고려해 비정상 N-S 지배 방정식을 적용해야한다는 사실을 보이고 있다.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.706-712
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• 1986

The unsteay heat transfer from an isothermal circular cylinder in fluctuating cross flow is simulated numerically, for the case where the amplitude of the oscillating velocity is small compared with the mean velocity. By solving the linear perturbation equations derived from the unsteady full Navier-Stokes and the energy equations, the amplitude and the phase of heat transfer response are obtained in the range of Reynolds number R$_{3}$ < 40. The effects of the velocity, the cylinder radius and the frequency on the response are expressed graphically in terms of the normalized velocity and the cylinder radius.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.33 no.7
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• pp.18-25
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• 2005

In this study, the main focus is the simulation of acoustic wave scattering in trailing edge and the analysis of the generation mechanism of instability wave by the interaction of trailing edge, shear flow and initial disturbance. The numerical algorithm is based on CFD/CAA hybrid method with high-order computational aeroacoustic method. It is found that steady mean flow gradient terms play a crucial role on the generation of instability wave through the comparison of simulations of Simple Linearized Euler Equation and Full Linearized Euler Equation. Through the comparison with the results of Full Navier-Stokes Equation, it is reasonable and efficient to use the Full Linearized Euler Equation in the initial generation mechanism of the instability wave near the trailing edge.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.42-42
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• 2015

사행수로에서의 원심력은 비선형적인 압력분포를 야기하여 이차류, 편수위 등과 같은 불규칙하고 복잡한 흐름을 발생시킨다. 일반적으로 이들 흐름은 난류이고 매우 3차원적이며 자유수면과의 상호작용이 중요한 역할을 할 수도 있다. 환경, 유사이동, 지형 변화와 관련된 환경 수리학적 관점에서 사행수로에서의 흐름을 이해하고 설계하기 위해서는 이러한 복잡한 3차원 흐름을 정확하게 계산하는 것이 매우 중요하다. 이 연구에서는 유한차분법에 근거한 3차원 흐름해석 모형을 이용하여 사행수로에서의 난류 흐름을 모의하고자 한다. 지배방정식은 3차원 비정상 RANS(Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes) 방정식이며, 난류 해석을 위해서 공학적으로 널리 이용되고 있는 난류 모형 중 k-omega 모형을 이용한다. 수치모형은 시간과 공간에 대해서 2차 정확도의 이산화 기법을 적용한다. 자유수면의 변동은 이상(two-phase) VOF (volume of fluid) 기법을 이용하여 계산한다. 수치모형의 적용 대상은 기존 문헌에서 제시되어 있는 키노시타 사인곡선을 이용하여 만든 폭 60cm의 사행수로에서 후르드수 0.23 그리고 레이놀즈수 41,700의 조건에서 발생시킨 난류 흐름이다. 적용한 난류모형들을 이용하여 해석한 결과들을 유속벡터분포와 수위의 항으로 비교분석하여 사행수로에서 발생되는 이차류와 편수위 변화 재현에 대한 수치모형의 적용성을 평가하고 각 난류모형들의 특성을 제시한다.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.36-45
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• 2015

Recently, a lot of studies have been made about the methods used to generate turbulent velocity fields stochastically in order to effectively predict broadband flow noise. Among them, the FRPM (Fast Random Particle Mesh) method which generates turbulence with specific statistical properties using turbulence kinetic energy and dissipation obtained from the steady solution of the RANS (Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes) equations has been successfully applied. However, the FRPM method cannot be applied to the flow noise problems involving intrinsic unsteady characteristics such as centrifugal fan. In this paper, to effectively predict the broadband noise generated by centrifugal fan, U-FRPM (unsteady FRPM) method is developed by extending the FRPM method to be combined with the unsteady numerical solutions of the unsteady RANS equations to generate the turbulence considered as broadband noise sources. Firstly, an unsteady flow field is obtained from the unsteady RANS equations through CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics). Then, noise sources are generated using the U-FRPM method combined with acoustic analogy. Finally, the linear propagation model which is realized through BEM (Boundary Element Method) is combined with the generated sources to predict broadband noise at the listeners' position. The proposed technique is validated to compare its prediction result with the measured data.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.9-14
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• 2009

A numerical investigation was performed based on the Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS) equations for the two-dimensional unsteady flow around a vertical axis turbine(VAT) with three or four blades. VAT is one of the promising devices for tidal current energy conversion. The geometry of the turbine blade was $NACA65_3$-018 airfoil, for which CFD analysis using Fluent was carried out at several angles of attack and the results were compared with the corresponding experimental data for validation and calibration. Then CFD simulations were carried out for the whole vertical axis turbine with a two-dimensional setup. The CFD simulation demonstrated the usefulness of the method to study the typical unsteady flows around VATs and the results showed that the optimum turbine efficiency could be achieved for carefully selected combinations of the number of blade and Tip-Speed Ratio(TSR).